In the present study, immunohistochemical detection of p53 oncoprotein was performed to determine whether the grade of differentiation and the histologic type of gastric adenocarcinoma, and the degree of atypia accompanied with adenoma can be related to p53 mutation. Paraffin sections of 22 gastric adenomas and 56 gastric adenocarcinomas were examined for the overexpression of p53 oncoprotein with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex staining procedure. The obtained results were as follows; 1. All the 22 cases of adenomas and 16 cases of well differentated adenocarcinomas showed uniformly negative staining. 2.Seven of 18 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas(39%), and five of 30 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas(17%) exhibited p53 protein expression. 3. Three of 29 cases of diffuse type (10%) and 9 of 19 cases of intestinal type(47%) exhibited p53 protein expression. These results suggest that p53 mutation is important in carcinogenesis of the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma, and there is no correlation between the differentiation of gastric adenocarcinoma and the degree of p53 oncoprotein overexpression.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma

Tumorlet is a rare lesion of disputed origin that was first described by whitwell in 1955, and about one-third of the reported cases have been associated with underlying lung disease. Patient was a 60-year-old female who was admitted with a histroy of chest discomfort and dyspnea. Right lower lobe was partially resected under the clinical diagnosis of the bronchogenic cyst. Grossly, lung tissue around round cystic lesion appeared brown firm and somewhat fibrotic, and showed several scattered ill-defined whitish gray nodules. Microscopically, lung tissue around bronchogenic cyst was partially obliterated by dense fibrous scar tissue. Within this areas of fibrosis, and in the wall of alveolar ducts and respiratory bronchioles, innumerable microscopic tumorlets were found and argyrophilic granules were also demonstrated in scattered tumorlets with Grimelius stain.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts

PURPOSE: The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a member of the transmembrane tyrosine kinase family that regulates various biological processes. These processes include maintaining optimal cell growth, establishing and maintaining the transformed phenotype, tumorigenesis for several types of cells, and antiapoptosis. This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of IGF-IR in relation with the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesteron receptor (PR), proliferative activity (Ki-67) as well as with the other conventional clinicopathlogical parameters in breast cancer. METHODS: This study was performed on paraffin sections from 64 invasive ductal breast carcinoma specimens by immunohistochemistry using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the IGF-I receptor. RESULTS: IGF-IR expression was detected in 56 (87.5%) cases. The immunohistochemical stains for the IGF-IR were scored according to a semi quantitative scoring system. IGF-IR staining was positively correlated with the ER status, but not significantly with the PR, lymph node status, tumor size, histological grade, and proliferative activity. The Ki-67 labeling index showed a significant correlation with the tumor grade and ER status. CONCLUSION: The IGF-IR may play a role in estrogen-mediated growth and the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Antibodies ; Biological Processes ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Coloring Agents ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Paraffin ; Phenotype ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, IGF Type 1

No abstract available.
Spine*

No abstract available.
Adipocytes*

PURPOSE: The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a member of the transmembrane tyrosine kinase family that regulates various biological processes. These processes include maintaining optimal cell growth, establishing and maintaining the transformed phenotype, tumorigenesis for several types of cells, and antiapoptosis. This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of IGF-IR in relation with the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesteron receptor (PR), proliferative activity (Ki-67) as well as with the other conventional clinicopathlogical parameters in breast cancer. METHODS: This study was performed on paraffin sections from 64 invasive ductal breast carcinoma specimens by immunohistochemistry using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the IGF-I receptor. RESULTS: IGF-IR expression was detected in 56 (87.5%) cases. The immunohistochemical stains for the IGF-IR were scored according to a semi quantitative scoring system. IGF-IR staining was positively correlated with the ER status, but not significantly with the PR, lymph node status, tumor size, histological grade, and proliferative activity. The Ki-67 labeling index showed a significant correlation with the tumor grade and ER status. CONCLUSION: The IGF-IR may play a role in estrogen-mediated growth and the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Antibodies ; Biological Processes ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Coloring Agents ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Paraffin ; Phenotype ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, IGF Type 1

Societies are important sources of new information for users. However, most of these societies still rely on traditional, or rather ancient methods for gathering and servicing the information. Furthermore, most of the societies are trying to electrify processes such as managing members and paper submission as well as the process managing the information for service but are limited due to financial and technical reasons. Therefore, KISTI(Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) has developed the KISTI-ACOMS(KISTI-Article COntribution Management System)as part of the national project for automating the process of processing academic information by societies, in order to convert journals published by academic societies in Korea into an electronic form and make them accessible on the Internet. This system has been developed in the year 2001 and has since been distributed to societies free of charge. The number of societies requesting the service has risen recently, which prompted us to take more recommendations of the societies that adopt this system into account in expanding and standardizing the area of service being provided by the system.
Internet ; Korea

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity leads to a high possibility of adult obesity. Previous studies show cases of research on obesity control programs led by doctors specializing in obesity, and dietitians. However, no such research have yet targeted schools, where such obesity control program are led by the school's staff (dietitian, school nurse and physical education teacher) instead. Thus, this research set out to determine whether obesity control programs could be effectively utilized within elementary schools as a part of the school health problems. As a start, a book on Elementary School Obese Children Control Program was used as the main text to provide the basics of the program. METHODS: The research was targeted at an elementary school located in NoWon district, where 16 moderate obese children from grades 3 to 6, were chosen to participate in training once every week for 6 weeks, together with exercises once every week for 5 weeks. RESULTS: The evaluation of the obesity control program showed significant results in obesity index, body fat and HDL-cholesterol. The school nurse contacted each student's teacher every day and an exercise or training was scheduled, so that students could participate in the program. This contributed to a high participation rate, with an overall participation rate reaching 85% and an exercise participation rate reaching 79%. During the evaluation of the program, it was found that the regular exercises carried out once a week in the school led the students to get in the habit of exercising regularly after school. CONCLUSION: It is considered that there would be a considerable change in childhood obesity control if the school nurse, dietitian and physical education teachers each played a part in carrying out an obesity control program as part of the school health care.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Child ; Exercise ; Humans ; Nutritionists ; Obesity* ; Pediatric Obesity ; Physical Education and Training ; School Health Services

Many researchers and clinicians have been concerned about the potential impact of anesthetic agents on human immune system. There have been expanding evidences associating an- esthesia and surgery with down-regulation of immune functions. Immune alterations associated with anesthesia and surgery are manifested by lymphapenia and granulocytosis, decreased T cell and B cell counts, decreased delayed hypersensitivity responses, increased metastatic rates of tumors, depressed basal natural killer cell activity and enhanced antibody responses. All of the above effects have been described as short lived, returning to normal levels within 3 -7 days following surgery. But the clinical significance of suppressed immunity in the perioperative period is important, it has been suggested that such suppression contributes to postoperative dissemination of carcinoma and to postoperative infections. The present study was designed to examine the effects of general and epidural anesthesia on the lymphocyte subpopulations in patients undergoing hysterectomy. Halothane was used as a main anesthetic agent in general anesthesia group(10 patients) while bupivacaine was used in epidural anesthesia group(10 patients). Lymphocyte, granulocytes and T-lymphocyte subpopulations were counted before, during and after anesthesia. A significant reduction in peripheral total T-lymphocyte to total lymphocyte ratio(CD3+ percentage), Helper/Inducer T-lymphocyte to total T-lymphocyte ratio(CD4+ percentage), Suppressor/Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte to total T- lymphocyte ratio(CD8+ percentage) and Suppressor/Inducer T-1ymphocyte to total T-lympho- cyte ratio(CD4+ and CD45R+ percentage) was seen in patients under general anesthesia but minimal changes were found in the patients who had an epidural anesthesia. The results suggest that the immunosuppressive alterations in lymphocyte subsets induced by surgery and general anesthesia can be prevented to certain degree by epidural anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Antibody Formation ; Bupivacaine ; Cell Count ; Down-Regulation ; Granulocytes ; Halothane ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Hysterectomy ; Immune System ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Perioperative Period ; T-Lymphocytes

Adrenal pseudocysts are uncommon lesions which usually occur as a result of hemorrhage within the adrenal tissue. Adrenal hemorrhage is usually associated with severe stress, sepsis, pregnancy, syphilis, leukemia, or anticoagulant therapy but during steroid therapy, it is very rare. We report a case of adrenal pseudocyst that resulted from hemorrhage into the adrenal gland and is probably related to the exogenous administration of steroids. The patient was a 57-year-old woman who was treated with oradexon for 20 years for the treatment of a maculopapular lesion on her thigh as well as for arthritis. She underwent a right adrenalectomy due to the adrenal cystic mass. The wall of the cystic mass was composed of a thick layer of hyalinized fibrous tissue with remnants of adrenal cortical tissue on the outer aspect. The inner surface had no lining cells and the wall of the cyst contained many calcified plaques with hemosiderin pigment.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Cysts