Purpose: To compare the changes in central anterior chamber depth between supine and sitting positions using an ultrasound biomicroscope among acute angle closure glaucoma, lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, and normal groups. Methods: This study included 18, 13, and 29 individuals with acute angle closure glaucoma, lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, and control, respectively. The central anterior chamber depth, trabecular iris angle, corneal curvature, and axial length were measured in the sitting and supine positions. Results: The central anterior chamber depth in the supine and sitting positions were 1.61 ± 0.47 mm and 1.55 ± 0.46 mm in the acute angle closure glaucoma, which were significantly smaller than those in the normal group (2.48 ± 0.49 mm and 2.47 ± 0.50 mm) (p = 0.01 and p = 0.009, respectively). In lens-induced angle closure glaucoma, the central anterior chamber depth in the supine and sitting positions were 1.65 ± 0.84 mm and 1.52 ± 0.82 mm, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those in the normal group (p < 0.001 for both). The absolute change in central anterior chamber depth with posture alteration was significantly larger in both acute angle closure glaucoma (0.15 ± 0.09 mm) and lens-induced angle closure glaucoma (0.25 ± 0.11 mm) than in the normal control (0.09 ± 0.08 mm) (p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively). The largest amount of change was shown in the lens-induced angle closure glaucoma (p = 0.012). The absolute change in anterior chamber angle with posture change wa not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.165). Conclusions Compared to the control group, the central anterior chamber depth was smaller in both glaucoma groups. The absolute change in the anterior chamber depth with posture was significantly larger in the lens-induced angle closure glaucoma than in acute angle closure glaucoma.

Objectives: The landscape of work environments has undergone rapid transformation in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to identify oral health issues among mobile platform workers, analyze the risk factors within their working environment, and promote their oral health. Methods: A purposive sampling approach was employed to select fifteen participants, including replacement drivers, delivery drivers, and delivery couriers/messengers operating within Seoul’s mobile platform workforce. In-depth interviews were conducted between August and November 2023, with all sessions recorded and transcribed. Utilizing grounded theory methodology, data analysis progressed through stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, ultimately leading to the construction of a paradigm model. Results: The majority of participants were male (93.3%), with an average age of 58.7 years. The paradigm model revealed low tooth brushing rates among mobile platform workers. This phenomenon was attributed to a poor brushing environment and a lack of willingness to brush, with the related context being the poor working environment. Intervention conditions included support for tooth brushing, oral health education, and oral examinations. Implementing an action-interaction strategy, which involves problem-solving pathways and a strong motivation to improve, resulted in improved tooth brushing rates. Conclusions To promote the oral health of mobile platform workers, it is essential to improve the environment for tooth brushing, particularly by increasing the availability of restrooms and related facilities as brushing spaces. Additionally, It is necessary to develop oral health policies and implement interventions based on an understanding of the working environment of mobile platform workers.

BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] is a subspecies of low-density lipoprotein and has been shown to be associated with pathogenesis of thrombosis-related disease. It is already known that patients with diabetic nephropathy are usually complicated by vascular complications such as coronary artery diseases and cerebrovascular accidents. According to the recent data, Lp(a) level tends to be increased as the proteinuria is increased and renal function are decreased. We evaluated the Lp(a) level to know whether its level is correlated to the severity of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: We investigated Lp(a) levels in eighty-one patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. They were divided into four groups according to the level of urinary albumin excretion and serum creatinine level: Group 1 (n=30): normal renal function + urine microalbumin or=1.5mg/dL. Blood samples were obtained during the morning in the fasting state and separated serum from the it and reserved at -70degrees C. Lp(a) concentration was checked by one-step sandwich ELISA test. All grouped data were expressed as mean+/-SD. ANOVA and unpaired t-test was used to assess the statistical difference between any two means. RESULTS: Lp(a) levels were 30.2+/-4.6mg/dL in Group 1, 42.7+/-8.2mg/dL in group 2, 73.4+/-19.7mg/dL in group 3, and 80.7+/-14.8mg/dL in group 4. The level of Lp(a) in group4, group 3, and group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1 respectively (P=0.009, 0.001, 0.038). However, no significant correlation was observed between the level of Lp(a) and that of total cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: these results indicate that Lp(a) concentrations are increased in the patients with diabetic nephropathy with microalbuminuria or overt proteinuria. So, the presence of albuminuria may be the important determinant for the elevated Lp(a) level in diabetic nephropathy.
Albuminuria ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Creatinine ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fasting ; Humans ; Lipoprotein(a)* ; Lipoproteins* ; Proteinuria ; Stroke ; Triglycerides ; Urinalysis

Lipoma is a very common benign tumor of the adipose tissue, but it occurs infrequently in the oral cavity. A 66-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic, solitary, 1×1-cm-sized yellowish mass on the lower lip, since 2 years. For differential diagnosis, skin biopsy was performed, and histopathologic examination showed features indicative of lipoma. We herein report a rare case of oral lipoma occurring on the lower lip.

Acquired periungual fibrokeratoma, first reported by Cahn in 1977, is a rare, benign fibrous tissue tumor located in the periungual area. The pathophysiology of acquired periungual fibrokeratoma is unknown. In general, trauma is often thought to be a predisposing factor. A 57-year-old woman presented with a 15-year-old asymptomatic, solitary, 1.8×1.5-cm, skin-colored mass on the Lt. thumb nail. The patient reported that they had been wounded on the nail root and the mass had since grown. For differential diagnosis and to determine the extent of the tumor, MRI of the finger was performed. Radiologic presentation showed a non-enhancing T2 low, T1 low signal mass above the nail plate. Histopathologic examination demonstrated a dome-shaped tumor consisting of thick dermal collagen bundles with increased capillaries. Through clinical, radiological, and histopathologic findings, we diagnosed the tumor as acquired periungual fibrokeratoma, and the lesion was removed through complete excision. Herein, we present a rare case of acquired fibrokeratoma covering whole thumb. The specific diagnosis was aided by MRI more through the acquisition of more accurate information about the location and signal characteristics that reflect underlying pathological features.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate how sedative-hypnotics affect the occurrence and severity of the patient’s symptoms. In addition, we conducted a study to determine the type of patients who reacted severely and required hospitalization;patients were accordingly classified as hospitalized patients and patients discharged from the emergency room. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, we investigated the demographics, drug information, history, laboratory tests, and severity of patients who visited our emergency department and were diagnosed with benzodiazepine, zolpidem, and doxylamine succinate overdose. We further compared details of hospitalized patients and discharged patients. Results: Subjects who had overdosed and visited the ED included 120 for benzodiazepine, 147 for zolpidem, and 27 for doxylamine succinate. Comparisons between the three groups revealed differences in their early diagnosis, psychiatric history, and sleep disturbance. Differences between groups were also determined for mental state, poisoning history, treatment received in the intensive care unit, and intubation and ventilator support. In cases of benzodiazepine overdose, we obtained a high hospitalization rate (40.0%), admission to the intensive care unit (24.2%), and intubation rate (18.3%). Comparisons between hospitalized patients and discharged groups showed differences in transferred patients, early diagnosis, and mental state. Conclusion Patients poisoned by sedative-hypnotics are increasing every year. In cases of benzodiazepine and zolpidem, the hospitalization rates were high, and benzodiazepine overdose resulted in hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and pneumonia in a majority of cases. Therefore, active treatment and quick decisions in the emergency room are greatly required.

Tooth wear, one of the physiological changes in the elderly patient's mouth, generally does not require treatment, but requires prosthodontic restoration when occlusal disharmony, poor masticatory function, pulp exposure occurs. One of the primary considerations in prosthodontic restoration for tooth wear is vertical dimension. It is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis and analysis, correct judgement of the interdental relationship for predictive treatment plan. A step-by-step approach considering dental care for aged is also required. In this case, a 93-year-old male patient presented with worn dentition and mobility of existing fixed dental prosthesis. After diagnosis and evaluation, maxillary rehabilitation without any change in the occlusal vertical dimension was performed and this shows satisfactory results both functionally and morphologically.
Aged* ; Dental Care for Aged ; Dental Prosthesis* ; Dentition* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; Rehabilitation ; Tooth Wear ; Vertical Dimension

The cutaneous myiasis has been rarely reported in the Republic of Korea. We intended to describe here a case of furuncular cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga larvae in a Korean traveler returned from Central Africa. A patient, 55-year-old man, had traveled to Equatorial Guinea, in Central Africa for a month and just returned to Korea. Physical examinations showed 2 tender erythematous nodules with small central ulceration on the left buttock and thigh. During skin biopsy, 2 larvae came out from the lesion. C. anthropophaga was identified by paired mouth hooks (toothed, spade-like, oral hooklets) and 2 posterior spiracles, which lack a distinct chitinous rim. Although rarely described in Korea until now, cutaneous myiasis may be encountered more frequently with increasing international travel and exchange workers to tropical areas.
Africa, Central ; Biopsy ; Buttocks ; Chitin ; Equatorial Guinea ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Myiasis ; Physical Examination ; Republic of Korea ; Skin ; Thigh ; Ulcer

OBJECTIVE: The importance of surgico-pathologic staging in endometrial cancer to identify risk factors of the therapeutic and prognostic value has been recognized only recently. Recognition of subsets of patients should minimize treatment related morbidity and mortality for those patients with a good prognosis, while identifying patients who are at high risk for recurrence and therefore likely to benefit from adjuvant therapy. METHODS: This rettospective study was based on clinical review of 76 patients with endometrial cancer from 1983 through 1994 who underwent surgical treatment in Department of Obstettics and Gynecology at Seoul National University Hospital. All cases were restaged using the newly adopted FIGO surgical staging. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried to compare the importance of prognostic variables. RESULTS: Significant prognostic factors in endometrial cancer were histologic subtype, depth of myometrial invasion, cervical invasion, parametrial invasion, adnexa metastasis, lymph node metastasis and peritoneal cytology(p<0.05). Age and histologic grade were not significant prognostic factors(p>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that surgical stage and depth of myometrial invasion were important factors that predict recurrence(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has yielded important information for therapeutic approach to endometrial cancer.
Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Seoul

Neurological manifestations of internal carotid aretry (ICA) dissection include amaurosis fugax, cerebral ischemia, oculosympathetic paresis, and various cranial nerve palsies. Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy is a rare manifestation of ICA dissection. A 55-year-old man developed dysarthria following sudden pain in the left retroauricular area. His tongue was paralysed on the left side. Magnetic resonance image and carotid angiogram showed characteristic features of left ICA dissection, which may be the most plausible cause of hypoglossal nerve palsy in this patient. Expanding hematoma of dissecting aneurysm of ICA seems to have compressed the nutrient artery of the hypoglossal nerve, although the possibility of direct compression of the hypoglossal nerve itself is not completely ruled out.
Amaurosis Fugax ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Arteries ; Brain Ischemia ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection* ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Dysarthria ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases* ; Hypoglossal Nerve* ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paresis ; Tongue