Ethylene glycol is a sweet-tasting liquid with industrial use as a solvent or as a starting reagent in chemical processes. Physicians are familiar with ethylene glycol because it is the major component of many antifreeze solutions and is taken in suicide attempts or, more often inadvertency. its metabolites may cause severe intoxication. Unfortunately, its metabolites are highly toxic and require rapid treatment Treatment involves correction of metabolic acidosis, ethanol administration and enhancement of elimination. The most commonly used elimination technique is hemodialysis We describe an 21-year-old man with acute renal failure due to ingestion of antifreeze that contained ethylene glycol. He was transferred to our hospital because of aggressive management The recovery of our patient with severe ethylene glycol intoxication illustrates that aggressive and early treatment can prevent mortality and morbidity.
Acidosis ; Acute Kidney Injury* ; Chemical Processes ; Eating ; Ethanol ; Ethylene Glycol* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Renal Dialysis ; Suicide ; Young Adult

In this study, the paclitaxel eluting stent (PES) was prepared by coating a biliary stent with paclitaxel using various biopolymer such as poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), Silicone rubber for restenosis prevention in gastrointestinal disease by a dip-coating method. Drug contents of PES were increased as surface area of stent, concentration and molecular weight of coating polymer increase. In 1H-NMR specta, we know that drug did not change by confirming specific peaks of paclitaxel in PES. As shown in SEM image, PES prepared using various biopolymer is coated clearly and regularly except Silicone rubber coating polymer. In in vitro cell cytotoxicity test, bare stent showed low cytotoxic effect against CT-26 colon carcinoma cell line on 3 day. However, PES coated with PLGA 502H showed the highest cytotoxicity because PLGA 502H is biodegradable polymer and has less molecular weight than other coating polymer. These results suggest that PES coated various biopolymer can be prevented restenosis in gastrointestinal disease.
Biopolymers ; Cell Line ; Colon ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Lactic Acid ; Molecular Weight ; Paclitaxel ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Polymers ; Silicone Elastomers ; Stents

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Reperfusion of ischemic myocardium is necessary to salvage tissue from eventual death. However, new pathophysiological changes are initiated after reperfusion. The aim of this study was to investigate one of the mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and we focused on transferrin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Spragre-Dawley (SD) rats were used for the I/R model. Myocardial ischemia was produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes. 99mTc Transferrin-Chitosan-hydrazino nicotinate hydrochloride (HYNIC) (Tfc) (/37 MBq/mL) was injected once after the reperfusion was finished. Autoradiography, hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining and determination of the tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were performed. RESULTS: Autoradiography showed remarkable 99mTc-Tfc uptake in the left ventricular myocardium at the reperfusion period from 0 to 1.5 hours, whereas no uptake was demonstrated at 3 hours. The uptake was increased again at 6 and 24 hours. Western blotting showed that the transferrin receptor (TfR) proteins were increased at 0 to 1.5 hours compared with that of the control; this expression of TfR disappeared at 3 hours, and it showed up for the second time at 6 and 24 hours. The MPO activity only at 24 hours was significantly higher than that of the control and those MPO activities at 0 to 6 hours (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: In the rodent model of 30 minutes occlusion and reperfusion, our study revealed, with using 99mTc-Tfc, that the TfR expression increased in the myocardium till 3 hours after reperfusion. TfR-mediated entry of iron into the cardiomyocytes may represent that this process plays a role in the I/R injury during the early reperfusion period.
Animals ; Autoradiography ; Blotting, Western ; Coronary Vessels ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Niacin ; Peroxidase ; Pilot Projects ; Proteins ; Rats ; Receptors, Transferrin ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Rodentia ; Transferrin

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aims of this study were to determine subgoups of functional dyspesia and to evaluate the short-term effect of cisapride in patients with functional dyspepsia in Korea. METHODS: 1025 patients, with a mean age of 42.6 years, with symptoms of functional dyspepsia, were recruited consecutively and upper gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated by interview in 41 hospitals in Korea. In an open, multicenter trial, 1025 patients received Smg of cisapride three times a day (TID) for at least .2 weeks for the treatment of symptoms of functional dyspepsia. When necessary, the dose of cisapride was increased to 10mg TID and the duration of therapy was extended to 4 weeks. RESULTS: The most frequently reported symptoms of functional dyspepsia were epigastric discomfort or fullness (85%), bloating (70%), belching (53%), early satiety (52%) and epigastric pain (46%) retrospectively. Subgroups of functional dyspepsia were as follows; dysmotility-like 73.5%, ulcer-like 39.7%, reflux-like 13.0%, and unspecified dyspepsia 14.0%. However, 33.2% of subjects with functional dyspepsia could be classified into more than one subgroup. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were decreased to average 50.3% (range; 42.2 to 59.2%) after 2 weeks of cisapride treatment and to 25% (19.2 to 29.9%) after 4 weeks. cisapride therapy resulted in good or excellent improvement in 59.0% of the patients after two weeks, in 75% of patients after 4 weeks. Adverse events were occurred in 52 patients (5.8% of all patients), most commonly, loose stools or diarrhea (3.5%), abdominal pain (1.1%), and dizziness (0.3%). The majority of adverse events was mild and transient in nature and led to premature discontinuation of treatment in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majorities of patients with functional dyspepsia have dysmotility like symptoms in Korea, there is such overlap among the dyspepsia subgroups. Most patients responded well to a short therapeutic trial with cisapride without significant side effects.
Abdominal Pain ; Cisapride* ; Diarrhea ; Dizziness ; Dyspepsia* ; Eructation ; Humans ; Korea* ; Retrospective Studies