The treatment of fractures of the dens is controversial and the major controversy has centered on type II fracture of Anderson and D'Alonzo classification because of its high incidence of nonunion when they were treated by external immobilization like halo apparatus. The posterior arthrodesis of atlas and axis which has been recommended by many authors results in the limitation of rotation of neck. In an attempt to promote bone union and to eliminate functional impairment, the authors have treated 7 consecutive cases of type II dens fracture by direct screw fixation with one or two screws. Minimum follow up period was 15 months(Av. 20mos.). Ages were varied between 23 to 68 years. Amounts of displacement on arrival were more than 4mm in all. Ambulation was started from the day after operation with the external support. Bone union was observed in 6 cases within 3 months without limitation of rotation. One nonunion with losening of screw and one transient dysphagia were observed. The authors believe that the procedure has the advantages in bone union and neck motion, but it requires surgeon's experience and the modification of implant for secure fixation.
Arthrodesis ; Classification ; Deglutition Disorders ; Follow-Up Studies ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Neck ; Walking

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common condition requiring abdominal surgery in early infancy, and is caused by hypertrophied pyloric muscle. The development of successful surgical treatment in the early 1900s by Fredet and Ramstedt made it possible for infants worldwide to survive. Modern pediatric anesthetic techniques have virtually eliminated mortality from surgical management. Atropine sulfate is a cholinergic blocking agent with potent antimuscarinic activity that decreases peristaltic contractions by relaxing smooth muscles. We treated two cases of IHPS with incomplete pyloromyotomy in 3-month-old and 5-month-old male infants by administering atropine sulfate intravenously. They were free from vomiting after 5 days of intravenous atropine sulfate treatment. In these rare cases of persistent vomiting or refractory emesis following incomplete pyloromyotomy, there may be a role for atropine sulfate.
Atropine* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mortality ; Muscle, Smooth ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic ; Vomiting*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Indomethacin* ; Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Joints* ; Range of Motion, Articular* ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Granuloma* ; Subphrenic Abscess*

No abstract available.

An experimental study on the effect of the induced dislocation of the femoral head on the femoral anteversion was made in the hips of 55 rabbits, three to four weeks old. The results were as follows; l. In 49 of the 55 operated rabbits, a relative increase of anteversion was observed on the dislocated side, as compared with the nonoperated femur, the differences ranging from 3 to 55 degrees with an average of 20.0 degrees. 2. The anteversion angle of dislocated hip showed steady and gradual increase with the increase of age. 3. The anteversion increase was detected very early after operation; 3 of the 4 rabbits, belonging 4 to 7 days group after operation showed the anteversion increase. 4. The collapse of proximal femoral epiphysis was observed in 42 of the total 55 hips. The incidence of the collapse was higher in postoperative 4 weeks and more groups. 5. The color change, pale discoloration, of the articular cartilage was observed in 32 of the total 55 hips. The icnidence of pale discoloration was higher in the groups within 8 weeks after operation.
Cartilage, Articular ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations ; Epiphyses ; Femur ; Head ; Hip ; Incidence ; Rabbits

Peri-tarsal dislocation occurs rarely and it has a complex joint structure anatomically. So, the injuries of the tarsal joint include many bony and ligament injuries and many complications such as pain on weight bearing and limitation of joint motion. The authors have reviewed a series of 15 cases of Peri-tarsal dislocations and the results obtained are as follows;1. Among the 15 cases of peri-tarsal dislocations, subtalar dislocation were 2 cases, Chop-art dislocation was 1 case, Lisfranc dislocation were 11 cases, and pure ankle dislocation was 1 case. 2. There were 12 cases of associated tarsal bone fractures 6 cases were cuneiform fractures, 4 cases were navicular fractures, and 2 cases were cuboid fractures 3. The clinical and radiological result of treatment was good in 3 cases, fair in 6 cases, and poor in 6 csses. 4. The cause of poor results were open dislocation, associsted tarsal bone fractures, delay of treatment, unstable reduction, and associated long bone fractures. 5. The most common complications after treatment were pain on weight bearing and limitation of joint motion.
Ankle ; Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Fractures, Bone ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Tarsal Bones ; Tarsal Joints ; Weight-Bearing

To study the relationship between the bone mineral density measured by DEXA and QCT methods and to study the factors influencing on the value, bone mineral density in 208 patients with low back pain were measured by the two methods and compared statistically. Ages were varied between 17 to 79(Av. 46.7) years and male and female were 86 and 122. The results of this are as follows; 1. The values of DEXA and QCT showed statistically significant relationship(γ=0.58) as a whole. And bone mineral density in L2, L3 and L4 showed no difference in both groups. 2. Bone loss by aging(per year) in male and female was 0.99% and 1.06% by DEXA, 0,99% and 1.41% by QCT. 3. Body height and weight showed no significant influence of the value in two methods. 4. In body mass index over 27.5, the value measured by QCT was influenced to be diminished while that of DEXA was not influenced. 5. The value by QCT was influenced to be diminished by the increase of age especially over 50 years old in both sex. While the value by DEXA was influenced to be lowered than expected in female over 50 years old. It is concluded that the methods of measurement of bone mineral density have their limitation depend on the age, sex and mass index.
Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Spine