Authors were reviewed clinically for the patients who revealed ocular manifestations related to systemic diseases in year of 1968 (Table 1). The incidence of ocular changes related to systemic diseases (Table 2, 3, and 4), and ocular mansfestations of various systemic diseases such as infectious diseases, allergic diseases, endocrine diseases, nutritional and metabolic, central nerve system, cardiovascular diseases, hematopoietic diseases and connective tissue disorders (Table 5 to 22) were statistically and clinically observed in many respects. We observed some interesting cases such as macular edema (OU, aged 22, male) related to epidemic homorrhagic fever, monocular pseudoptosis in ocular conversion reaction and optic nerve atrophy (OU, aged 34, female) in toxemia.
Atrophy ; Cardiovascular System ; Communicable Diseases ; Connective Tissue ; Conversion Disorder ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Macular Edema ; Optic Nerve ; Toxemia

Although the prediction of a delayed spinal cord injury after a low voltage electrical accident is difficult, we present a young paraplegic man who had delayed spinal cord injury after a low voltage electrical accident while working. Because the passage of an electric current is variable, the tissues far distant from the point of entry may be damaged, including the spinal cord. Low voltage itself is not a safe.
Paraplegia ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries

OBJECT: The surgical management of patients with intracranial aneurysm continues to be controversial, but the best results of treating an aneurysm can be achieved with treating it before it ruptures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical risk of treating unruptured intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: Between January 2000 to December 2007, 46 unruptured intracranial aneurysms were treated with aneurismal neck clipping. The clinical outcome was retrospectively evaluated according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale about one month after surgery. RESULTS: The patients consisted of 24 females and 22 males. The mean age was 56.6 years (range: 37-80). For the aneurysm location, 27 (58.8%) were at the middle cerebral artery, 10 (21.7%) were at the anterior communicating artery, three (6.5%) were at the posterior communication artery, two (4.3%) were at the internal carotid artery, two (4.3%) were at the anterior choroidal artery, one (2.2%) was at the anterior cerebral artery and one (2.2%) was at the vertebral artery. The size of the aneurysm was below 5mm for 6 patients (13%), 6 to 10mm for 30 patients (65.2%), 11 to 25mm for 9 patients (19.6%) and > or =25mm for 1 patient (2.2%). The clinical outcome was good for 39 patients (84.8%), moderate disability was noted for 5 patients (10.9%) and severe disability was noted for 2 patients (4.3%). CONCLUSION: In this study, the morbidity and mortality rates were favorable compared with those of the previous reports. Our results suggest that aneurysms associated with a ruptured lesion or those larger than 10mm could be considered for treatment. These results will be very helpful to determine whether or not to proceed with surgery.
Aneurysm ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Choroid ; Female ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Vertebral Artery

This is a report on the sudden onset of the Brown-Se`quard Syndrome on a patient following extradural cervical disc herniation. Earlier diagnosis and prompt surgical decompression in the lateral cord syndrome yielded a good outcome.
Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Diseases

Primary spinal cord lymphomas are rare, and are either extra-/intradural masses with leptomeningeal infiltration or intramedullary in nature. The authors present a patient with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the sacral nerve root, extension to extradural space, and the cranial nerve.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Cranial Nerves ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Polyradiculoneuropathy* ; Spinal Cord

Primary spinal cord lymphomas are rare, and are either extra-/intradural masses with leptomeningeal infiltration or intramedullary in nature. The authors present a patient with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the sacral nerve root, extension to extradural space, and the cranial nerve.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Cranial Nerves ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Polyradiculoneuropathy* ; Spinal Cord

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Fluconazole* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: This study is to evaluate the efficacy of dorsal short-segment fixation in unstable thoracolumbar junction fractures. METHODS: The cases of 20 patients who underwent dorsal short-segment fixation were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical outcomes were analysed using Sonntag's pain level, work status, and neurological scale according to the modified Frankel classification. Radiological outcomes were analysed using Mumford's anterior body compression(%), canal compromise ratio, and Cobb's kyphotic angle. RESULTS: At the latest clinical follow-up (average=14.6 months), there were 19 (95.0%) in group I and 1 patient (5.0%) in II in pain level35). The postoperative work status were 17 (85.0%) in group I, 2 patients (10.0%) in II, and 1 patient (5.0%) in V. Surgery brought to improve the neurologic status. In success group (19 cases, 95%), the average canal compromise ratio was reduced from 0.57 (+/-0.07) to 0.05 (+/-0.08) (P<0.05), the average anterior body compression (%) was reduced from 41% (+/-17) to 18% (+/-14) (P<0.05), and the average preoperative kyphotic angle was 20.0 degrees (+/-9.0), and corrected to 5.7 degrees (+/-7.1) postoperatively, and progressed to 7.8 degrees (+/-6.2) at the latest follow-up. There was a case of implantation failure in an elderly osteoporotic patient. CONCLUSION: Although there are limitations in the patient number and follow-up period, the present study favors dorsal short-segment fixation for selective cases in unstable thoracolumbar junction fractures.
Aged ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: Aneurysms arising from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery(PICA) are uncommon. We review literature on that and surgical results on aneurysmal treatment by choice of surgical approach. METHODS: On the basis of radiologic findings & charts, we review retrospectively the surgical results of 12 cases from Mar 1999 to Dec 2003. RESULTS: The mean age of the 12 patients was 55.8(ranged from 36 to 71) and female was predominant (female: male=8: 4). Locations of PICA aneurysms revealed variously(vertebral artery-PICA junction: 8, lateral medullary segment: 2, PICA-anterior inferior cerebellar artery common trunk: 1, telovelomedullary: 1). Surgical approaches & treatments were attempted in 11 cases and embolization was done in 1 case(Far lateral transcondylar or supracondylar approach & clipping: 9, Far lateral transcondylar or supracondylar approach and trapping: 2, suboccipital approach & clipping: 1). The surgical result were 8 of 12 patients were good outcome, 1 of 12 was severely disabled and 3 of 12 were died. CONCLUSION: First, we choose surgical approach by the laterality of aneurysms and surgical or interventional treatment is attempted as soon as possible. The PICA aneurysm is regarded as having a relatively good surgical outcome without drilling of the posterior arch of the atlas.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries* ; Female ; Humans ; Pica ; Retrospective Studies

Intussusception in Schoenlein-Henoch Vasculitis is of interest because of its rarity & the importance of making what may be a difficult diagnosis. We recently experienced one case of Intussusception in Schoenlein-Henoch Vasculitis, who was a 3 year-old girl treated with mannual reduction following surgical operation & we reviewed some literature.
Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Vasculitis*