Objective: Depending on the direction and degree of the septal deviation, the patient with malalignment-type VSD present with a variety of clinical syndrome. It is the purpose of this study to examine clinical characteristics of malalignment-type VSD, and to emphasize the clinical significance of septal malalignment in VSD and thus to increase the awareness for it. Methods: We analyzed echocardiographic or cardic catheterization and angiographic findings of 85 patients who were diagnosed as malalignment-type VSD at the department of pediatrics, Chonnam University Hospital between July 1990 and September 1992 Results: 1) Among 85 patients with malalignment-type VSD, there were 52 Cases (61. 2%) of Fallot-type VSD. 14 cases (16.5%) of Eisenmenger-type VSD, 19 cases (22.3%) of coarctation-type VSD. 2) All the 85 cases with malalignment-type VSD had the infundibular defects, and perimembranous infundibular VSD was most frequently associated with septal malalignment. 3) There was no prolapsing valve in all the cases with malalignment-type VSD. 4) Pulmonary hypertension was observed in all the cases with Eisenmenger-type and coarctation-type VSD. 5) Among the 19 cases with coarctation-type VSD, 8 cses (42.1%) were associated with coarctation of the aorth, and 3 cases (15.8%) with interrupted aortic arch. Conclusion: We conclude that septal malalignment in VSD has considerable clinical significance. Therefore, the authors believe that we should always consider the presence or absence of septal malalignment, in addition to the size and location of defect at the time of diagnostic evaluation of VSD, especially in the Koreans showing high incidence of infundibular VSD.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Echocardiography ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Pediatrics

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography*

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that heart disease is the most common cause of sudden death in children. There have been relatively few studies concerning heart disease screening of school children in Korea. This study was to evaluate the usefulness of 12-lead ECG for mass screening of heart disease in elementary school children. METHODS: Mass screening of heart disease with 12-lead ECG was done in 17,343 first grade elementary school children(male 8,948, female 8,395) in Kwangju area during 4 months period since September 1992. Among 200 children(male 135, female 65) who showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings, 128 were referred to pediatric cardiologist for detection of heart diseases by thorough examinations including 24-hour ECG, echordiography, cardiac catherization and angiocardiography. RESULTS: 1) The incidence of 12-lead ECG abnormalities was 1.2%. Male outnumbered female in the incidence of abnormalities(0.8% vs 0.4%). 2) Incomplete right bundle branch block was the most frequent ECG abnormality with the incidence of 5.3 among 1,000, followed by right ventricular hypertrophy and premature ventricular contraction, both of them stand the next common abnormalities with the same incidence of 1.6 among 1,000. 3) Out of 39 cases undergoing echocardiography, seven were found to have structual heart abnormalities : 6 atrial defects and one ventricular septal defect. 4) All patients having structual defects but one with atrial septal defect underwent open heart surgery without problems. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that routine 12 lead ECG be one of the useful methods for mass screening of heart disease and imply that establishment of heart disease screening system is necessary for the health promotion of the school chidren with heart disease.
Angiocardiography ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Child* ; Death, Sudden ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Gwangju ; Health Promotion ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Thoracic Surgery ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels*

Intestinal malrotation is a constellation of a wide spectrum of embryologic failures of rotation and fixation of the gut, resulting in a narrow-based attachment of the mesentery and the presence of abnormal peritoneal (Ladd's) band. These abnormalities predispose to midgut volvulus, intestinal obstruction and internal herniation. We experienced a case of intestinal malrotation complicated by midgut volvulus in a 4-year-old girl who presente with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and melena. The diagnosis was made by abdominal CT scan, which showed "whirl sign." The diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. A brief review of literature ensues.
Abdominal Pain ; Acidosis ; Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Adolescent ; Alkalies ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Chest Pain ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis* ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Fibrosis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Hypokalemia ; Intestinal Volvulus* ; Leukopenia ; Liver Diseases ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lymphopenia ; Melena ; Mesentery ; Molecular Weight ; Multiple Myeloma ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Neutrophils ; Potassium ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Thyroid Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Intestinal malrotation is a constellation of a wide spectrum of embryologic failures of rotation and fixation of the gut, resulting in a narrow-based attachment of the mesentery and the presence of abnormal peritoneal (Ladd's) band. These abnormalities predispose to midgut volvulus, intestinal obstruction and internal herniation. We experienced a case of intestinal malrotation complicated by midgut volvulus in a 4-year-old girl who presente with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and melena. The diagnosis was made by abdominal CT scan, which showed "whirl sign." The diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. A brief review of literature ensues.
Abdominal Pain ; Acidosis ; Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Adolescent ; Alkalies ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Chest Pain ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis* ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Fibrosis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Hypokalemia ; Intestinal Volvulus* ; Leukopenia ; Liver Diseases ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lymphopenia ; Melena ; Mesentery ; Molecular Weight ; Multiple Myeloma ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Neutrophils ; Potassium ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Thyroid Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Mortality*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital*

No abstract available.
Aorta, Thoracic* ; Humans ; Vena Cava, Superior*

No abstract available.
Sotos Syndrome*