No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cell Line*

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis*

Hodgkin's disease (HD) is a hematologic malignancy which shows common features regardless of race, but racial differences may be considered with certain clinical characteritcs. HD in Korea shows somewhat different characteristics when compared to cases in Western countries. We evaluated the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of HD, the outcomes of various chemotherapy regimens, and prognostic factors of HD in Korea. One hundred and five patients with initial histopathologic diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease were retrospectively reviewed 20 years after diagnosis at Yonsei University College of Medicine. Nodular sclerosis was the most common histopathogic subtype (41%) and mixed cellularity was nearly as common (40%). The overall complete remission rate (CR) was 87.6%. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rate were 79.2% and 84.8% at 5-years, 70% and 79.2% at 10- and 20-years. There were no significant differences in CR rate and DFS, but OS rates were significantly higher in m-BACOP and ABVD regimen. Univariate analysis revealed that age, B-symptom, ECOG scale, Ann Arbor stage, international prognostic index, and serum beta2-microglobulin level were significant prognostic factors for both DFS and OS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age, B symptoms, and ECOG scale were significant prognostic factors for OS only. In conclusion, the survival rates of HD patients in our center were superior to those of previous reports in Korea and Western countries. Considering the higher OS rate and decreased incidence of side effects, the ABVD regimen may be recommended for the initial treatment of Hodgkin's disease.
Treatment Outcome ; Remission Induction ; Prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Korea ; Humans ; Hodgkin Disease/mortality/*therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Female ; Disease-Free Survival ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Adult ; Adolescent

Nocardiosis is an acute, subacute, or chronic infection, most often beginning in the lung, and usually affects the immunocompromised host. Nocardial infections are not rare in the United States, 500 to 1000 cases are recognized each year, but rarely reported in Korea. Disorders associated with cellular immune dysfunction are the major risk factors for nocardiosis. We report one case of brain and retroperitoneal abscess caused by Nocardia asteroides in patient who has had a chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diabetes mellitus, with a review of the relevant literature.
Abscess ; Brain ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Korea ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* ; Lung ; Nocardia asteroides ; Nocardia Infections* ; Risk Factors ; United States

PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the necessity of staging laparotomy in the management of supradiaphragmatic CS I-II Hodgkin's disease. Prognostic factors and the usefulness of prognostic factor groups were also analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1985 to 1995, fifty one patients who were diagnosed as supradiaphragmatic CS I-II Hodgkin's disease at Yonsei Cancer Center in Seoul, Korea were enrolled in this study. Age range was 4 to 67 with median age of 30. The number of patients with each CS IA, IIA, and IIB were 16, 25, and 10, respectively. Radiotherapy (RT) was delivered using 4 or 6 MV photon beam to a total dose of 19.5 to 55.6Gy (median dose : 45Gy) with a 1.5 to 1.8Gy per fraction. Chemotherapy (CT) was given in 2-12 cycles (median : 6 cycles). Thirty one patients were treated with RT alone, 4 patients with CT alone and 16 patients with combined chemoradiotherapy. RT volumes varied from involved fields (3), subtotal nodal fields (18) or mantle fields (26). RESULTS: Five-year disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 78.0% and overall survival rate (OS) was 87.6%. Fifty patients achieved a complete remission after initial treatment and 8 patients were relapsed. Salvage therapy was given to 7 patients, 1 with RT alone, 4 with CT alone, 2 with RT+CT. Only two patients were successfully salvaged. Feminine gender and large mediastinal adenopathy were significant adverse prognostic factors in the univariate analysis for DFS. The significant adverse prognostic factors of OS were B symptom and clinical stage. When patients were analyzed according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) prog-nostic factor groups, the DFS in patients with very favorable, favorable and unfavorable group was 100, 100 and 55.8% (p<0.05), and the OS in each patients' group was 100, 100 and 75.1% (p<0.05), respectively. In very favorable and favorable groups, the DFS and OS were all 100% by RT alone, but in unfavorable group, RT with CT had a lesser relapse rate than RT alone. The subtotal nodal irradiation had better DFS than mantle RT in patients treated with RT. CONCLUSION: In present study, the DFS and OS in patients who did not undergo staging laparotomy were similar with the results in the literatures of which patients were surgically staged. Therefore, we may suggest that staging laparotomy would not influence the outcome of treatments. In univariate analysis, gender, large mediastinal adenopathy, B symptoms and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors for the survival rate. We confirm the usefulness of EORTC prognostic factor groups which may be a good indicator to select the treatment modality.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Hodgkin Disease* ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparotomy ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Salvage Therapy ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the necessity of staging laparotomy in the management of supradiaphragmatic CS I-II Hodgkin's disease. Prognostic factors and the usefulness of prognostic factor groups were also analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1985 to 1995, fifty one patients who were diagnosed as supradiaphragmatic CS I-II Hodgkin's disease at Yonsei Cancer Center in Seoul, Korea were enrolled in this study. Age range was 4 to 67 with median age of 30. The number of patients with each CS IA, IIA, and IIB were 16, 25, and 10, respectively. Radiotherapy (RT) was delivered using 4 or 6 MV photon beam to a total dose of 19.5 to 55.6Gy (median dose : 45Gy) with a 1.5 to 1.8Gy per fraction. Chemotherapy (CT) was given in 2-12 cycles (median : 6 cycles). Thirty one patients were treated with RT alone, 4 patients with CT alone and 16 patients with combined chemoradiotherapy. RT volumes varied from involved fields (3), subtotal nodal fields (18) or mantle fields (26). RESULTS: Five-year disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 78.0% and overall survival rate (OS) was 87.6%. Fifty patients achieved a complete remission after initial treatment and 8 patients were relapsed. Salvage therapy was given to 7 patients, 1 with RT alone, 4 with CT alone, 2 with RT+CT. Only two patients were successfully salvaged. Feminine gender and large mediastinal adenopathy were significant adverse prognostic factors in the univariate analysis for DFS. The significant adverse prognostic factors of OS were B symptom and clinical stage. When patients were analyzed according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) prog-nostic factor groups, the DFS in patients with very favorable, favorable and unfavorable group was 100, 100 and 55.8% (p<0.05), and the OS in each patients' group was 100, 100 and 75.1% (p<0.05), respectively. In very favorable and favorable groups, the DFS and OS were all 100% by RT alone, but in unfavorable group, RT with CT had a lesser relapse rate than RT alone. The subtotal nodal irradiation had better DFS than mantle RT in patients treated with RT. CONCLUSION: In present study, the DFS and OS in patients who did not undergo staging laparotomy were similar with the results in the literatures of which patients were surgically staged. Therefore, we may suggest that staging laparotomy would not influence the outcome of treatments. In univariate analysis, gender, large mediastinal adenopathy, B symptoms and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors for the survival rate. We confirm the usefulness of EORTC prognostic factor groups which may be a good indicator to select the treatment modality.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Hodgkin Disease* ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparotomy ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Salvage Therapy ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

Primary gastric lymphoma is the most common form of extralymphatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Most cases are of B-cell origin and few cases of lymphoma of T-cell origin have been reported. Peripheral T cell lymphoma is a lymphoma of extrathymic origin. Expression of T-cell intracellular antigen (TIA)-1 can be detected in all cytotoxic cells, and the expression of this cytotoxic protein is associated with extranodal presentation. We report a case of primary peripheral T cell lymphoma of the stomach with cytotoxic T-cell phenotype in a 70-year-old male presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Aged ; B-Lymphocytes ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral* ; Male ; Phenotype* ; Stomach* ; T-Lymphocytes

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of autologous transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) mobilized with high-dose consolidation chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Twenty patients received myeloablative chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy including total body irradiation followed by the infusion of PBSC. PBSC were collected by large-volume leukaphereses. The mean number of mononuclear cells and CD34-positive cells infused were 7.2 x 10(8)/kg (range, 2.2-16.6), and 6.6 x 106/kg (range, 2.1-27.7), respectively. Engraftment failure was not seen in the enrolled patients. The median time to neutrophil (> or = 500/microL) and platelet recovery (> or = 50,000/microL) from the transplant was 12 days (range, 8-20) and 28 days (range, 10-600), respectively. The 2-year probability of disease-free survival (DFS) and relapse were 43% and 57% for patients with AML transplanted in first complete remission (CR1). The outcome of the patients transplanted in the advanced status was significantly worse than the patients transplanted in CR1 (P=0.04). Most relapses occurred within 1 year after transplantation. Fatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease was observed in one case. Other transplantation-related toxicities were mild. Our results demonstrated that autologous transplantation of high-dose consolidation chemotherapy-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells is feasible in the patients with AML in CR1. To further reduce the risk of leukemia relapse, much effort should be contributed to the field of ex vivo purging and post-transplant immunotherapy.
Adult ; Female ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*/adverse effects ; Human ; Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/therapy* ; Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/mortality ; Male ; Middle Age ; Transplantation, Autologous

In order to evaluate the role of radiation therapy in the management of low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach (MLS), in patients with no evidence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) or who had not responded to H. pylori eradication treatment, we analyzed the treatment outcome of patients who had received radiotherapy alone. Between Jan 1995 and May 2001, 6 patients with low- grade MLS were treated with radiotherapy alone. The median radiation dose was 30.6 Gy (range; 30 - 39 Gy) in a daily fractions of 1.5 - 1.8 Gy. Each patient had an endoscopic esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy with biopsy, 4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy and every 6 months thereafter. A complete response was obtained in all patients. All patients were followed-up without evidence of disease, and no patient suffered a relapse. There was neither perforation nor hemorrhage of the stomach in any of the patients. No renal or hepatic toxicity were noted, and no secondary malignancies developed. In conclusion, radiotherapy should be considered as the preferred treatment method for low-grade MLS, in patients with no evidence of H. pylori infection, or who do not respond to antibiotic therapy, due to the significant benefits in gastric preservation and low morbidity.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Human ; Lymphoma, Low-Grade/*radiotherapy ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/*radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Age ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Stomach Neoplasms/*radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: The primary mediastinal lymphoma (PML) is defined as the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that presents primarily within the mediastinum, and primary mediastinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PMLBL) is defined as primary mediastinal lymphoma of which histology shows diffuse large B cell lymphoma. There is no available clinical study yet about the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of PMLBL in Korea. Here the authors report our experience of 21 cases of PML including 11 cases of PMLBL. METHODS: The authors reviewed retrospectively medical records of 21 cases with PML from January 1992 to January 2003, and analyzed clinical characteristics, response to induction therapy, and survival. The authors subsequently performed subset analysis in 11 cases with PMLBL. Median follow-up period was 16 months (range, 4~80 months). RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 8:13 and the median age of 21 PML cases was 33.5 years. Of 21 PML cases, histology of most cases was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (11/21) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (8/21). Cell lineage was B cell in 13 cases (61.9%). Thirteen cases (62.0%) were in stage I and II. Initial induction therapy was chemotherapy alone in 19 cases, combined chemoradiotherapy in 1 case and no treatment in remaining 1 case. Response rate to initial therapy was 70% in 20 PML cases (complete response [CR] 50%, partial response 20%) with CR of 50% in 10 PMLBL. Median progression-free survival and overall survival for 11 PMLBL cases were 11 months and 16 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Incidence of PML showed slight predominance in female and in relatively young age with median age of less than 40 years. Most patients presented with a chief complaint of superior vena cava syndrome including dyspnea. The most common histology of PML was diffuse large B cell lymphoma. PMLBL represented low complete response rate to conventional chemotherapy, low progression-free and overall survival rates compared with peripheral diffuse large B cell lymphoma by historical review.
Cell Lineage ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Medical Records ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome*