Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), Keratomileusis In Situ (KM), Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), and clear lens extraction have been performed for high myopic patients. Among the above surgical procedures KM and LASIK are applied to young patients in general. However, comparison of clinical results of these two procedures was not reported yet in Korea. To evaluate the clinical results of KM (n=16) and LASIK (n=11) for high myopic patients between -15 diopter (D) and -23 diopter (D), spherical equivalent (S.E) and uncorrected visual acuity were studied for more than ten months, retrospectively. The mean S.E. was changed from -17.36 D before operation to -3.70 D ten months after operation in KM, whereas it was from -17.41 D to -0.31 D in LASIK. At ten months after operation, uncorrected visual acuity equal or better than best corrected visual acuity before operation was 43. 8% in KM and 63. 6% in LASIK. This results show that the clinical result of LASIK were superior to that of KM for high myopia.
Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Korea ; Myopia* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

We evaluated the effect of the pregnane X receptor agonist, pregnenolone 16 alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) on the expression levels of plasma monoamine transporter (PMAT) in the intestine. Male C57/BL6 mice were divided into two 2 groups: mice in the PCN group (n=3) were administered PCN once a day for 4 days, while those in the control group (n=3) received the same volume of vehicle once a day for 4 days. After the mice were killed 24 h after administration of the last dose of PCN or vehicle, and the expression levels of PMAT in the intestine tissues were isolated and measured the expression level of PMAT using immunohistochemical and western blotting analyses. The expression level of PMAT expression levels in the small intestine increased after PCN treatment. These results suggest that the induction of PMAT may play a clinically significant role by increasing intestinal absorption of PMAT substrates such as metformin.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Membrane* ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestine, Small ; Intestines ; Male ; Metformin ; Mice ; Plasma ; Pregnenolone Carbonitrile

Posterior epidural migration of a sequestrated intervertebral lumbar disc is rare with only five cases ever reported in the literature so far. The objective of this paper is to report our experience of such a extremely rare case with a review the literature

PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the effectiveness on patency rates of two silicone tube intubation comparing with one silicone tube intubation in endonasal dacryorhinostomy. METHODS: The 99 patients' charts were reviewed on patency rate and the cause of failure in patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, who had undergone endonasal DCR with two sets of silicone tube intubation. Another 100 patients who underwent endoscopic DCR with single silicone tube intubation, were enrolled in this study as the control group to compare the patency rates and the causes of failure between the two groups. RESULTS: Double silicone tube intubation group showed much higher lacrimal patency rates (89.9%) than that (84.0%) of single silicone intubation group. It seems to be due to less membrane formation (4%) at the site of internal ostium by sufficient bougination in two silicone tube intubation group compared with one silicone tube intubation group (16%). Two silicone tube intubation in endonasal DCR was more effective in preserving the lacrimal patency and avoidance of membranous obstruction at newly created nasal ostium (P=0.03). There were no significant differences in the size of nasal cavity, sex and age distributions, and postoperative cares between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Two silicone tube intubation can be considered to be a method of improving success rate in endonasal DCR.
Age Distribution ; Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Membranes ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Silicones*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the strength of the knee and pulmonary function comparing collegians and hockey players in college. METHOD: KINdegreeCOM isokinetic dynamometer and medigraph were used to evaluate strength of the right lower extremity and pulmonary function to 30 male students comprising 15 hockey players and 15 collegians with no significant difference in age, weight, and height between the two groups. All subjects used their right lower limb as dominant limb. RESULTS: 1) The significant differences between collegians and hockey players were found in the peak torque at 60o/sec,180o/sec. 2) The siginficant differences between collegians and hockey players were found in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second and expiratory reserve volume on the pulmonary function. 3) The significant correlation between isokinetic strength and pulmonary function were found in peak torque. CONCLUSION: It is turned out that hockey players in college have much better isokinetic strength and pulmonary function than collegians, so it is suggested this result have to be considered in selecting hockey players and exercise prescription.
Expiratory Reserve Volume ; Extremities ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hockey* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Prescriptions ; Torque ; Vital Capacity

No abstract available.
Baculoviridae* ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid* ; Pseudorabies*

A retrospective analysis of 36 cases of petrous pyramid fractures was studied clinically and radiographically during last 5 years. Of 503 patients with skull fractures admitted to the Inha University hospital, of which 7.1% involved the petrous pyramid. The most common mode of injury was a motor vehicle accident and the most common age group was the first decade. The anatomic location of fractures in the petrous pyramid were evaluated by high resolution computed tomography and it disclosed 20 longitudinal and 16 transverse fractures. The principal symptoms and signs, occurring alone or in combination, were a otologic problem, facial paralysis and CSF liquorrhea. The otologic problems were noted in almost every case. The facial palsy and CSF liquorrhea were present in 16 cases(36%) and 9 cases(25%), respectively. The anatomic type of fractures well corresponded to the principal symptoms and signs and the prognosis, the development rate of principal symptoms and signs of the transverse fracture was more higher and the prognosis of that was worse than the longitudinal fracture.
Facial Paralysis ; Humans ; Motor Vehicles ; Petrous Bone* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Fractures

Many conventional treatments of recurrent corneal erosion have been reported to yield varying degrees of effect. Epithelial basement menmbranectomy, microdiathermy or needle anterior stromal puncture, and excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy have recently been proposed as new treatments for recalcitrant cases of recurrent corneal erosion. We used the Nd:YAG laser to perform anterior stromal puncture of evaluation of therapeutic effects and several advantages effects over conventional treatments. For this purpose, we performed retrospective review of medical records of 7 patients who had been confirmed to have recurrent corneal erosion and given a trial of the Nd:YAG laser anterior stromal puncture due to two or more recurrences in spite of conventional treatments from January 1996 to December 1997. The mean recurrence rate of erosion before anterior stromal puncture and the mean trial number were 1 time(ranging from 1 to 2 times) per month and 4.7 times(ranging from 1 to 10 times), respectively. There were no recurrences after the laser trial in all 7 patients. Compared with various conventional treatments, this study showed the Nd:YAG laser anterior stromal puncture may obtain more permanent healing in mild to moderate epithelial basement membrane dystrophy and traumatic recurrent corneal erosion.
Basement Membrane ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Punctures* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Many conventional treatments of recurrent corneal erosion have been reported to yield varying degrees of effect. Epithelial basement menmbranectomy, microdiathermy or needle anterior stromal puncture, and excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy have recently been proposed as new treatments for recalcitrant cases of recurrent corneal erosion. We used the Nd:YAG laser to perform anterior stromal puncture of evaluation of therapeutic effects and several advantages effects over conventional treatments. For this purpose, we performed retrospective review of medical records of 7 patients who had been confirmed to have recurrent corneal erosion and given a trial of the Nd:YAG laser anterior stromal puncture due to two or more recurrences in spite of conventional treatments from January 1996 to December 1997. The mean recurrence rate of erosion before anterior stromal puncture and the mean trial number were 1 time(ranging from 1 to 2 times) per month and 4.7 times(ranging from 1 to 10 times), respectively. There were no recurrences after the laser trial in all 7 patients. Compared with various conventional treatments, this study showed the Nd:YAG laser anterior stromal puncture may obtain more permanent healing in mild to moderate epithelial basement membrane dystrophy and traumatic recurrent corneal erosion.
Basement Membrane ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Punctures* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

We evaluated the temporal lobe lesions in 24 patients who had various types of seizure as initial neurologic symptoms between 1987 and 1992. All patients were studied with radiologic and pathologic procedures. The types of seizure were classified with the International League Against Epilepsy classification. The results were as follows:The age of distribution of patients were 3 to 72 years old. The most common seizure type was generalized tonic-clonic and then complex partial, unclassified type, generalized absence and simple partial motor in order. The usual associated diseases were arachnoid cyst, abscess, blioblastoma multiforme, meningioma and temporal sclerosis. The most common location of the lesions was the inferomedial area in the temporal lobe. The maximal diameters of lesions were ranged from 7 to 78 mm(mean 36 mm) .
Abscess ; Aged ; Arachnoid ; Classification ; Epilepsy* ; Humans ; Meningioma ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Sclerosis ; Seizures* ; Temporal Lobe*