No abstract available.
Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male

A poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is partly due to the invasiveness and metastasis of the tumor. A key element in tumor invasion and metastasis in the degradation of extracellular matrix is matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This study was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of oral SCCs with regard to the histologic invasiveness and differentiation in 5 normal oral mucosa and 36 oral SCCs. The histologic invasiveness of oral SCCs were classified into 4 grades. The differentiation of oral SCCs was divided into 3 grades. The streptavidin-biotin immunohistochemical staining, using MMP-2 and MMP-9 monoclonal antibodies, was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The expression of MMP-2 was positive in 6 of 17 oral SCCs with weak invasiveness and was positive in 7 of 19 oral SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-2 expression did not increase significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs (P>0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was strongly positive in 6 out of 17 SCCs with weak invasiveness and was strongly positive in 14 of 19 SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-9 expression increased significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs; the stronger the expression, the stronger the invasiveness (P<0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was in 57.9% of well differentiated SCCs, 57.1% of moderately differentiated ones, and 33.3% of poorly differentiated SCCs. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 did not increase significantly with respect to the histologic differentiation. We conclude that with respect to the invasiveness, the MMP-9 expression increases significantly in oral SCCs but the MMP-2 expression does not; and that with respect to the histologic differentiation, their expressions do not increase significantly. These results suggeste that MMP-9 can be used as a tool to evaluate the invasiveness of oral SCCs.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2* ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis

Hemospermia is a common urologic problem that can be caused by diverse pathologic entities, including inflammatory and neoplastic disorders of the seminal tract. Transrectal ultrasonography provides excellent anatomic detail of pathologic changes in the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct. Morphological change of the seminal tract of patient with hemospermia was determined by means or transrectal sonography on 16 patients. The 14 patients (88%) had positive sonographic findings, Abnormalities detected included 5 cases of seminal vesicle stones, 2 cases of dilatated seminal vesicles, 3 cases of ejaculatory duct stones. 2 cases of ejaculatory duct cysts, 1 case of seminal vesicle stone and ejaculatory duct stone, 1 case of Mullerian duct cyst. Our result indicate that transrectal ultrasound is effective in studing in patient with organic hemospermia.
Ejaculatory Ducts ; Hemospermia* ; Humans ; Male ; Seminal Vesicles ; Ultrasonography*

No Abstract Available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Endothelium, Corneal*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the endothelial function of cornea preserved in newly developing korean corneal storage media (CS002, CS003) by estimating the permeability of corneal endothelium and the change of corneal thickness. METHODS: The cornea were divided into six experimental groups - fresh group immediately after enucleation, 4degrees Cmoist chamber group preserved for 24 hours and 48 hours, Optisol & CS002 group for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, and Likorol & CS003 group for 7, 10, and 14 days after enucleation, and then corneal endothelial permeability(Pac) was measured using carboxyfluorescein solution. Corneal thickness was measured using pachymeter(fine focus adjustment) of the specular microscope. RESULTS: Corneal endothelial Pac (x1 0(- 4) cm/min) was 3.64+/-0.33 in fresh group, 4.79+/-0.28 in 4degrees Cmoist chamber group for 24 hours. Each endothelial Pac of CS002 group at 5 and 7 days was 5.81+/-0.55 and 5.65+/-0.58, which were different with 4degrees Cmoist chamber preservation group for 24 hours(p<0.05) but not different with Optisol groups at same days. Each endothelial Pac of CS003 group at 7, 10, and 14 days was 4.34+/-0.34, 4.66+/-0.59, and 4.66+/-0.27, which were not different from those of Likorol. Each corneal thickness of CS002 and Optisol group at 7days was 417.80+/-19.37 mu m and 421.00+/-19.75mu m, which were resemble increment. Corneal thickness was 426.75+/-22.43mu m in CS003 group and 476.00+/- 40.08mu m in Likorol group at 7days. There was statistical difference between the two group(P<0.05), and this difference was sustained for 14days (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the effect on corneal endothelial permeability between korean corneal storage media such as CS002 and CS003, and that of previous corneal storage media such as Optisol and Likorol. Corneal thickness of cornea preserved in korean corneal storage media was thinner than that of Likorol.
Cornea* ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Permeability

PURPOSE: Recently, percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy has become widely used as a treatment of the symptomatic, large, and simple renal cysts, due to its minimal invasiveness and high effectiveness. However, the reported recurrence rates of simple aspiration are high, in the range 30 to 70%. Therefore, the effect of percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy of simple renal cysts was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the treatment in 35 simple renal cysts, between June 1994 and July 2003, were evaluated. The symptoms associated with simple renal cysts were; none (40%), flank pain (31.4%), indigestion (17.1%), hematuria (8.6%) and a palpable mass (2.9%). The simple renal cysts were treated with percutaneous aspiration in only 7 cases (group I), single percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, in 18 (group II) and a repeated percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, in 10 (group III). All patient were followed up by ultrasound or CT scan for 12 to 80 months (mean 28.1 months). RESULTS: Complete and partial collapses and recurrences of the renal cysts occurred in 1 (14.2%), 3 (42.9%) and 3 (42.9%) in group I, 7 (39%), 10 (55.5%) and 1 (5.5%) in group II, and 6 (60%), 3 (30%) and 1 (10%) in group III. The overall efficacies were 92% in all 3 groups. Furthermore, all recurrences occurred within the first year of the follow up period in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: For a simple renal cyst, percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy, using 99% ethanol, either singly or repeatedly, appears to be effective in the prevention of re-accumulation of cystic fluid; it also proved to have a positive long term result in terms of a relapse of a simple renal cyst.
Dyspepsia ; Ethanol ; Flank Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a predominant pleomorphic sarcoma usually occurring in the deep soft tissue of adults. The tumor commonly occurs in the extremities or in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the paratesticular tissue. A 59 year old man presented with a 7 month history of a painless right upper scrotal mass. Radical orchiectomy with high ligation of the spermatic cord and wide excision of surrounding tissue was performed and then he was received external beam radiation to the right inguinal area and scrotum. He was well 15 months later with no evidence of local recurrence or metastases at follow up study.
Adult ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Humans ; Ligation ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orchiectomy ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma ; Scrotum ; Spermatic Cord

PURPOSE: The effectiveness of intravaginal electrical stimulation and biofeedback combined with pelvic muscle exercise was evaluated in stress, urge and mixed incontinence, and the success rates of each urinary incontinence were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-nine women between 26 and 75 years of age (mean age 49 years) were studied. Based upon history and the results of clinical investigation, the patients were divided into three groups: pure stress incontinence (39 patients), pure urge incontinence (24 patients), mixed incontinence (26 patients). Also, patients presented with urge incontinence was divided two groups: motor urge incontinence (27 patients) and sensory urge incontinence (23 patients). All patient were treated with combination of biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation, and then the success rate of this combination therapy for urinary incontinence was evaluated RESULTS: The overall success rate was 76.4% (68/89). We found a 69.2% (27/39) success rate in patients with pure stress incontinence, 75% (18/24) in pure urge incontinence, and 88.5% (23/26) in mixed incontinence. There were no significant differences of success rate among three incontinence. Also, there were statistically significant differences in success rates between motor urge incontinence and sensory urge incontinence (70.4% vs. 95.7%)(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation areeffective treatment for urinary incontinence if we select appropriate patients, and considered as a treatment option in sensory urge incontinence as well as motor urge incontinence.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Electric Stimulation* ; Female* ; Humans ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge

PURPOSE: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density has been proposed to distinguish between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. It is of importance that patients who take finasteride for their BPH should be taken deep interest in the potential for malignancy. The PSA density after finasteride therapy for 12 months in patients with BPH was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two patients (mean age 64 years) with BPH were enrolled in this study. The PSA densities were calculated before and after 12 months of finasteride therapy. The prostate volumes were measured by transrectal ultrasonography and the PSA was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: After 12 months of the finasteride therapy, the PSA decreased by 45.5%, the prostate volumes by 15.4% and the PSA densities by 30.5% (p >0.01). The PSA density after the finasteride therapy ranged from 0.01 to 0.14 ng/ml/cm3. In 62 patients, the cumulative percent of the PSA densities was 96.8% at 0.11 ng/ml/cm3 or less. In 31 patients over the PSA of 4.0 ng/ml, the cumulative percent of PSA densities also showed the same result. CONCLUSIONS: In most BPH patients treated with finasteride for 12 months, the PSA densities ranged 0.11 ng/ml/cm3 or less.
Finasteride* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

Recent developments in software technology have made it possible to create a virtual three-dimensional model of the dental arches from digitally scanned casts of a patient's dentition. This modelmay then be manipulated with software to produce stages of tooth movement from the initial malocclusion to the final desired occlusion. A sterolithograghic model is made for each stage of tooth movement which is the basis for construction of a series of clear and thin overlay appliances. These appliances are worn full time by the patient to move the teeth according to the programmed stages of movement. Malocclusions involving mild to moderate crowding and space closure have been proven to be successfully treated with this appliance. Experience with this appliance has demonstrated excellent patient compliance with less discomfort, improved esthetics and oral hygiene control, when compared with fixed orthodontic appliances. Orthodontic treatment with this appliance is a potentially useful alternative approach to fixed appliances for treatment of a variety of malocclusions in patients with fully erupted permanent teeth.
Crowding ; Dental Arch ; Dentition ; Diagnosis* ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Oral Hygiene ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Patient Compliance ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement