No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Lymphoma*

No Abstract Available.
Knee* ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular*

STUDY DESIGN: Case report OBJECTIVES: This study introduces an interesting case of adolescent cervical myelopathy with atypical cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. A differential diagnosis was made, followed by successful surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: A careful differential diagnosis of high signal intensity on T2-weighted cervical MRI is necessary if there is no evidence of cervical stenosis. Recent reports have suggested that the differential diagnosis should be based on a comprehensive analysis of data, including brain MRI, a cerebrospinal fluid examination, and empirical steroid treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 17-year-old male patient complained of upper extremity weakness, gait disturbance, and decreased sensation in the upper extremity. Cervical spine MRI findings suggested C3/4 disc herniation, moderate cervical stenosis, and high signal intensity in the spinal cord. A differential diagnosis was made between cervical myelopathy and myelitis. RESULTS: Decompression and posterolateral fusion of C3/4 were performed in a 17-year-old patient with cervical myelopathy without significant cervical stenosis. Postoperatively, upper extremity sensation and weakness and gait disturbance showed improvement, and the Japanese Orthopedic Association score improved to 17 points at 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with cervical myelopathy showing high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging without evident spinal stenosis, a differential diagnosis should be made between cervical myelopathy and myelitis; surgical decompression can be an effective treatment choice upon the diagnosis of cervical myelopathy.
Adolescent* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Decompression ; Decompression, Surgical ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Gait ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Myelitis* ; Orthopedics ; Sensation ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases* ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Upper Extremity

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most common sarcomas that occur in soft tissue, it usually develops in old age individuals and the incidence is similar between the genders. We report here on a case with invasive local recurrence after surgical resection of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma that occurred in the left psoas muscle of a 69-year-old male patient. The patient was first admitted to our hospital with a primary lesion in the left lower abdomen, as seen on magnetic resonance imaging. We report here on a rare case of a malignant fibrous histicytoma in the psoas muscle.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Psoas Muscles ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma

Clay-Shoveler's fracture refers to a fracture that is solely developed on the spinous process of the cervical spine or the thoracic vertebrae. This fracture rarely occurs during sporting activities. In this case, an 18-year-old female developed the fracture on the spinous process of the 7th cervical spine and 1st thoracic vertebrae due to the repetitive practice of cheerleading. The patient's pain was improved by wearing a support device and taking an anti-inflammatory analgesic drug and muscle relaxant. Her case is being followed-up at the outpatient department.
Adolescent ; Female ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Spine ; Sports ; Thoracic Vertebrae

A magnetic resonance imaging test was performed on a 56-year-old male patient, who visited with a one-month history of painless swelling at the popliteal area of the left knee. A popliteal cyst and non-calcified loose body in the cyst were identified. Synovial chondromatosis was diagnosed from a histology examination by excision and biopsy. This paper reports this case of extra-articular synovial chondromatosis of the knee with a review of the relevant literature.

Purpose: Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. The inducible form, COX-2, is induced by such proinflammatory and mitogenic stimuli as cytokines and growth factors, and it's expressed in inflamed tissues as well as neoplastic tissues. In addition, COX-2 inhibitors have been tried as chemopreventive agents in tumors. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of COX-2 inhibitors in human breast cancer, the effects of celecoxib, a well-known selective COX-2 inhibitor, on cell death in human breast MDA-MB-468 cancer cells were investigated. METHODS: Cell viability assay, PI staining, DNA fragmentation assay and western blot analysis were performed after treatment with celecoxib. RESULTS: Cell survival, as measured by MTT assay, was decreased by the treatment with celecoxib in a dose-dependent manner (IC50=50 micrometer). The sub-G1 fractions, analyzed by flow cytometry, and the DNA fragmentations were increased in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that celecoxib induces apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-468 cells. Celecoxib resulted in a decrease in the levels of COX-2 protein in a time-depended and dose-dependent manner. To investigate the mechanisms of celecoxib-induced apotosis, the activation of MAPK, NF-kB and Akt was analyzed by Western blotting. The treatment with celecoxib induces an increase in JNK phosphorylation and IkB degradation and a decrease in Akt phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that celecoxib-induced apoptosis is mediated through the signal transduction pathways associated with JNK, Akt and NF-kB in human breast cancer MDA-MB-468 cells.
Apoptosis ; Arachidonic Acid ; Blotting, Western ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Celecoxib ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Cytokines ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphorylation ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Prostaglandins ; Signal Transduction

PURPOSE: Various factors regulate interleukin(IL)-6 expression in mesangial cells (MCs). Immune complexes or angiotensin II(AII) are involved in the development of glomerulonephritis(GN). We evaluated the effects of IgG and IgA aggregates or AII on IL-6 mRNA expression in human MCs and the modulation by losartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, or hydrocortisone. METHODS: After 48 hours of culture in the presence of sera, IL-6 mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(PCR). RESULTS: Incubation of MCs with IgA or IgG aggregates(100 microgram/mL) as well as AII(10(-7) M) enhanced the ratio of PCR products for IL-6 to beta-actin on densitometric results. The addition of hydrocortisone(0.5 microgrammL) reduced the IgA aggregates-induced IL-6 mRNA expression and losartan(10(-6) M) reduced IgG aggregates- induced IL-6 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IgG and IgA aggregates and AII may induce IL-6 expression in GN which can be partially suppressed by hydrocortisone or AT1 receptor blocker.
Actins ; Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Humans* ; Hydrocortisone* ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Interleukin-6* ; Losartan ; Mesangial Cells* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Angiotensin* ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger*

Aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma can induce various clinical manifestations as a result of chronic exposure to aldosterone. We report a rare case of a 37-year-old man who complained of general weakness and polyuria. He was diagnosed with aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Aldosterone enhances the secretion of potassium in the collecting duct, which can lead to hypokalemia. By contrast, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which manifests as polyuria and polydipsia, can occur in several clinical conditions such as acquired tubular disease and those attributed to toxins and congenital causes. Among them, hypokalemia can also damage tubular structures in response to vasopressin. The patient's urine output was > 3 L/d and was diluted. Owing to the ineffectiveness of vasopressin, we eventually made a diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy and intraoperative kidney biopsy were subsequently performed. The pathologic finding of kidney biopsy revealed a decrease in aquaporin-2 on immunohistochemical stain.
Adenoma ; Adrenalectomy ; Adult ; Aldosterone ; Aquaporin 2 ; Biopsy ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism* ; Hypokalemia ; Kidney ; Polydipsia ; Polyuria ; Potassium ; Vasopressins

The purpose of this study was to report a case with post-traumatic spinal epidural hematomas with abnormal neurologic findings, which is uncommon. A 40-year-old man presented at our clinic after a blunt trauma caused by a traffic accident in which he was a pedestrian. After admission, abnormal neurologic symptoms developed including loss of sensation and motor function in his left lower extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a spinal epidural hematoma with 40% canal stenosis at the L5-S1 level. Decompression including hematoma evacuation was done. Symptoms started to be reduced 18 days after operation. He was treated conservatively with medications and all symptoms resolved completely during admission and there were no further neurologic sequelae. Post-traumatic lumbar spinal epidural hematoma with abnormal neurologic findings is an uncommon condition that may present belatedly after trauma with significant neurologic compromise.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Decompression ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Neurology ; Sensation