No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Progesterone*

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Female* ; Humans ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Progesterone*

A total of 75 subjects were examined using Hahn's color vision test and Hahn's Double 15-Hue test. Among the 75 subjects, 62 subjects detected by screening test among 2700 high school students had defective color vision but good visual acuity and no retinal diseases. The other 13 subjects were detected in out-patient ophthalmic clinic. Results of examination in classifying the types and estimating the extent of color defects were obtained. 1. In the total 75 persons examined, extent of the color defects were as follows; mild ............ 6 cases, moderate.........31 cases, strong...........38 cases. 2. The classification of types of congenital color defects were as follows; Protan .........2 cases, Deutan ........25 cases, Unclassified...48 cases. Lack of advanced study on color discrimination for congenital color deficiency resulted in existing job discrimination against a color defective person by restricting his/her job opportunity. Therefore this kind of research has very important meanings and should be continued.
Classification ; Color Vision ; Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Outpatients ; Retinal Diseases ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of glucose concentrations on formation of reactive oxygen products and cellular activity in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. METHODS: Human retinal pigment epithelial cells were cultured with high glucose (200 mg/100 ml, 300 mg/100 ml, 400 mg/100 ml) and normal glucose (100 mg/100 ml). The amounts of reactive oxygen products were assayed with dihydroethidium (DHE). Paraquat-induced cellular activity was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. RESULTS: Reactive oxygen products of human retinal pigment epithelial cells were increased 120%, 250% and 390% in high glucose (200 mg/100 ml, 300 mg/100 ml, 400 mg/100 ml) media compared to those of normal glucose (100 mg/100 ml) media. Paraquat-induced cell toxicity was increased by high glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: High glucose increased formation of reactive oxygen products in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. These results suggest that high glucose can make human retinal pigment epithelial cells more sensitive to oxidative cellular injury.
Epithelial Cells* ; Glucose* ; Humans ; Oxygen* ; Retinaldehyde*

PURPOSE: To evaluate morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications on mammography that were confirmed pathologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five cases of microcalcifications on mammography (fifteen cases of benign lesion, thirty cases of maiignancy) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The number of microcalcifications within 1 cm2 were more than 5 in 22 cases (73%) of 30 malignancy and less than 5 in 11 cases (73%) of 15 benignity. The heterogeneity of microcalcifications were seen in 26 cases of malignancy (87%) and the homogeneity of microcaicifications were 11 cases of benignity (73%). The morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications were linear-V shape in 9 cases (30%), punctate shape in 8 cases (27%), fine stippled shape in 7 cases (23%), and round dot shape in 6 cases (20%) of malignancy and, round dot shape in 11 cases (73%), punctate shape in 2 cases (13%), and linear-V shape in 2 cases (13%) of benignity. CONCLUSION: Numerous irregular microcalcifications that are heterogenous in size and morphology were strong indicators of malignancy.
Mammography ; Population Characteristics ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Dandy-Walker Syndrome*