No abstract available.
Granuloma Annulare* ; Granuloma* ; Herpes Zoster*

No abstract available.
Genitalia* ; Poroma*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Vulva*

The blepharoptosis is drooping of upper eyelid in primary gaze with various causes. The most common cause of ptosis is, in known as, underdevelopment of levator muscle. We evaluated the age and sexual distribution, clinical manifestation, result of treatment and it's complication of congenital blepharoptosis. The method of surgery and amount of muscle resection was decided according to several factors that is the amount of ptosis, the preoperative levator functon, and the Margin Limbal Distance(MLD). Most of patient was second decades(48.3%). In cases of unilateral ptosis, left lid was higher incidence(60%) than right lid and 4 cases(14%) were bilateral ptosis. The amount of ptosis was between 3 and 4mm in most cases(48.5%), and over the 5mm was 12 cases(36.3%). Preoperative levator function between 4 and 7mm of the patient was in 18 cases(54.5%) and 3mm or less was 12 cases(36.3%). Between 16 and 19mm muscle resection was 10 cases(43.5%), Between 12 and 15mm resection was 7 cases(30.4%). In initially corrected visual acuity with Hans Chart. 12 cases(36%) were 0.5-1.0 and 2 cases were 0.1 or less. There is no significant visual improvement after one year surgical correcton. The most common surgical procedure was levator muscle resection(73%) through anterior skin incision and followed by frontalis suspension in 9 cases(27%). The result of operation was good for the period of six months follow-up. The most common complication was undercorrection in 2 cases of levator muscle resection and 1 case of frontalis suspension. The other complications were overcorrectopn, exposure keratitis and entropion in each case, respectively.
Blepharoptosis* ; Entropion ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospital Distribution Systems ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Skin ; Visual Acuity

Ankylosing spondylitis(AS) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH) increase the risk of spinal fracture after minor trauma in an ankylosed spine. There are few reports on a spinal fracture in people with both conditions. A 67-year-old man visited our emergency room with moderate back pain developed after slipping. No neurological deficit was noted. On physical examination, direct tenderness was noted in the back at the level of the thoracolumbar(TL) junction. Radiological evaluations showed the compression fracture of ankylosed spine and the coexistence of AS and DISH. Vertebroplasty was performed in fractured spine due to persistent back pain. Several weeks later, neurological deficits were developed. Finally, decompressive laminectomy and posterior screw fixations were performed. After operation, neurological deficits were fully recovered and patient was discharged. Patient who had a fracture of an ankylosed spine in association with coexisting AS and DISH could be considered the early surgical treatment.
Aged ; Back Pain ; Emergencies ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal ; Laminectomy ; Physical Examination ; Spinal Fractures ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Vertebroplasty

Primary Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca result from lymphocytic infiltrations of salivary and lacrimal glands.It may accompany by the wide spectrums of extraglandular symptoms,such as musculoskeletal,pulmonary,renal,intestinal,hematologic,and nervous system.However,overt cardiac manifestations are very rare and are documented only a few cases sporadically. We report a patient with primary Sjogren's syndrome who developed reversible congestive heart failure as part of a myocarditis.A 39-year-old woman with primary Sjogren's syndrome developed fatigue,dyspnea,and abdominal discomfort.An echocardiography revealed global hypokinetic left ventricle with markedly decreased ejection fraction (EF=39%),abnormal restrictive filling pattern,secondary tricuspid valve insufficiency and no pericardial effusion or thickening.A myocardial biopsy disclosed myocardial degeneration with lymphocyte infiltration.Following treatment with digitalis,diuretics,ACE inhibitor and corticosteroid,the symptoms of congestive heart failure improved.A repeat echocardiography showed an improved ventricular contractility and recovered both diastolic (normalized E/A ratio)and systolic (EF=50%)functions.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ; Lymphocytes ; Myocarditis* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ; Xerostomia

PURPOSE: We report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy following the removal of a dislocated IOL and scleral fixation of a new IOL. METHODS: A 60-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss of the right eye. An ophthalmologic examination revealed IOL dislocation. He underwent removal of the dislocated IOL and scleral fixation of the new IOL. Visual acuity was 0.02 in the right eye on the second postoperative day. A fundus examination and fluorescein angiography were performed. RESULTS: A peripapillary multiple cotton wool spot, pale macula and cherry red spot were noted in the right eye. Fluorescein angiography showed arteriolar obstruction around the macula and leakage of the mild arteriolar fluorescein dye. At one month follow-up, macular edema, hemorrhage and peripapillary cotton wool spots were increased. CONCLUSIONS: This case of Purtscher-like retinopathy following scleral fixation of the IOL did not have any obvious etiologic cause.
Dislocations ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Middle Aged ; Prunus ; Visual Acuity ; Wool

The extension type locked metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger is an extremely rare condition characterized by loss of flexion with little or no loss of extension. The most common cause for locking is entrapment of a strap of the ruptured palmar plate. We treated a locked metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger due to a hyperextension injury. The mechanism of locking was a torn part of the palmar ligament that forcefully rides across the prominence of the radial condyle of the metacarpal bone together with the accessory collateral ligament. These dislocated parts of the ligament formed a constricting bundle that prevented closed reduction. Locking was released successfully by an open reduction using the dorsal approach of the metacarpophalangeal joint without complication.
Collateral Ligaments ; Fingers* ; Ligaments ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint* ; Palmar Plate

BACKGROUND: A leukoreduction filter was recently developed in Korea to reduce various kinds of adverse transfusion reactions. The objective of this study was to propose a domestic evaluation system for leukoreduction filters and to apply this evaluation system to assess the newly developed leukoreduction filter. METHODS: We prepared packed red blood cells from 60 units of whole blood (400 mL) collected from 60 normal individuals and evaluated the efficacy of the newly developed filter (FINECELL, KOLON INDUSTRIES, Gumi, Korea) and a control filter (RCM1, Haemonetics, MA, USA). To verify the evaluation system, we assessed the filtration time, residual leukocyte count, RBC recovery, RBC hemolysis, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit using a control filter RCM1 and compared the results with those of an evaluation performed by the American Red Cross (ARC) in 2013. We then evaluated the efficacy of the test filter FINECELL using the methods established in this study and compared the results with those of the control filter RCM1. RESULTS: The results of the current study were similar to those of the ARC with the control filters. The test filters developed in Korea were not inferior to commonly used control filters regarding residual leukocyte count, RBC recovery, and RBC hemolysis at 35 days after filtration. All of the results in the evaluation satisfied the international standards. CONCLUSION: These results of this study showed that the efficacy of the newly developed domestic leukoreduction filter were satisfactory and will contribute to improvement of quality of blood components in Korea.
Erythrocytes ; Filtration ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hematocrit ; Hemolysis ; Korea ; Leukocyte Count ; Methods* ; Red Cross ; Transfusion Reaction