PURPOSE: The survival of bone marrow derived stem cell was reported several times. But the survival of adipose tissue derived stem cells(hASCs) was not mentioned on. We studied the adipose tissue derived stem cell's survival and effect on articular cartilage in rabbits. METHODS: Osteoarthritis was induced in twenty New Zealand white rabbits by intraarticular injection of monosodium iodoacetate(MIA). After four weeks, hASCs were also injected into the knee joints space without any vehicle, but the control group received phosphate buffered saline only. The histologic grade of articular cartilage was measured in 4 and 8 weeks after the transplantation of hASC and the viability of injected stem cells measured by Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) examination. RESULTS: After 4 and 8 weeks from hASCs transplantation, histologic grade was not significantly difference between two groups(p>0.05), and the Y chromosome of the transplanted hASCs was not detected in articular cartilage. CONCLUSION: We found that direct injection of hASC in joint space didn't work on damaged articular cartilage repair.
Adipose Tissue ; Bone Marrow ; Cartilage, Articular ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Osteoarthritis ; Rabbits ; Stem Cells ; Transplants ; Y Chromosome

Purpose: Regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise confers immense vascular benefits, yet the lack of time remains the most common barrier to a regular exercise routine. A Tabata exercise is a type of high-intensity interval training exercise that is time efficient and has recently been demonstrated to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic profiles, but its benefits on vascular function still remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the Tabata-styled exercise would be as effective as moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in improving vascular function in young healthy adults. Methods: Using a randomized, cross-over design, fourteen healthy men (age, 23.8±2.3 years; body mass index, 23.7±2.2 kg/m2 ) performed two acute exercise trials, separated at least by 72 hours: a modified Tabata-styled exercise (eight sets of 20-second exercise at 120% of maximal power output using a bike and 10-second rest, total 4 minutes) or a MICE for 30 minutes at a heart rate reserve of 40%–60%. Vascular function was assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) at baseline and again at 60 minutes and 120 minutes after exercise. Results: Compared with MICE, a Tabata-styled exercise increased heart rate at 60 minutes (p＜ 0.05). Both exercises improved vascular function to a similar extent, as evidenced by an increase in flow-mediated dilation and a reduction in arterial stiffness at 60 minutes and 120 minutes (p＜ 0.05). Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the Tabata-styled exercise is a time-efficient exercise strategy that is as effective as MICE in enhancing vascular function in healthy young men.

PURPOSE: The hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used in the treatment of dyslipidemia for lowering of cholesterol level. And the studies in simvastatins have shown to enhance bone formation in vitro and in vivo in rodents. But some other researchers have reported that simvastatins' anabolic effect on bone does not exist. The peripheral distribution beyond the liver represents a small fraction of an orally administered dose. We hypothesized that this poor peripheral distribution is the likely reason that simvastatins, yield ambiguous results as anabolic agents. We therefore investigated whether the effects of simvastatins on bone may be enhanced by subcutaneous administration, providing better peripheral delivery of these drugs. METHODS: 36 rat unilaterally mandible fractured models were prepared and divided into two groups. The simvastatin treated group where 1mg/kg of simvastatin was daily injected subcutaneously. The same dose of normal saline was injected on the control group. And 3 rats in each group were sacrificed and taken bone samples in each week. Bone sample was evaluated with tensile strength and histological morphology after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks. RESULTS: In simvastatin treated group, the fracture healing process, chondrocyte aggregation, collagen formation and trabecular bone formation was rapidly proceeded than the control group histologically. The tensile strength in the simvastatin treated group was measured as 1.02, 2.25, 3.95, 4.42, 5.49 and 6.00 N/mm2 each week, while it was 0.60, 1.05, 2.17, 3.75, 4.15 and 5.17 N/mm2 in the control group. The average tensile strength was higher by 1.04N/mm2 in simvastatin treated group. CONCLUSION: The currently available data on the effects of simvastatin on bone confirms that simvastatin helps fracture healing. And the potential for simvastatin to be used as anabolic agents for bone when delivered by the subcutaneous route.
Anabolic Agents ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; Chondrocytes ; Coenzyme A ; Collagen ; Dyslipidemias ; Fracture Healing ; Liver ; Mandible ; Osteogenesis ; Oxidoreductases ; Rats ; Rodentia ; Simvastatin ; Tensile Strength

PURPOSE: Cleft palate is very common congenital malformation in Korea. It is often accompanied with middle ear disease above all otitis media. Its cause is known as the functional dysfunction of Eustachian tube by the anatomical defects of hard and soft palate. Exudative fluid collection & inflammation is occurred on middle ear whose clearance and protection is inhibited by Eustachian tube blockage. Previous reported otitis media prevalence is various from 40% to 90% depends on regions and human races. MATERIALS & METHODS: For the past 5 years, from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2005, we had been treated 144 cleft palate patients in Dong-A university medical center. The retrospective study was carried on the base of patient hospital course and operation records. RESULTS: Otitis media prevalence mean value was 73.3 % (211/288 ear), ventilation tube insertion rate was 85.3% (180/211 ear). Prevalence by age was 89.3%, 87.5%, 73.5%, 28.8% along 0-12, 13-24, 25-36, more than 37 months each. Ventilation tube insertion rate by age was 84.7%, 87.7%, 84.0%, 84.2%. Prevalence by cleft palate type was 23.7%, 46.4%, 51.2% along submucosal, incomplete, complete type each. Ventilation tube insertion rate by type was 40.0%, 77.6%, 94.4%. CONCLUSION: The otitis media prevalence was declined as the patients grew old. But the ventilation tube insertion rate had no significant decrease. The prevalence by type was increased as the severity of deformity rise up. And the ventilation tube insertion rate was also increased.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cleft Palate* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Continental Population Groups ; Ear, Middle ; Eustachian Tube ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Korea ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Palate, Soft ; Prevalence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Colonic polyps are premalignant lesion, whose removal is important for the prevention of colon cancer. METHODS: A series of 116 patients (195 polyps) who undergone colonoscopic polypectomy at Chung Nam National University Hospital from March 1994 to Feb.1997 were analyzed. RESULTS: 1) The ratio of males and females was 81:35, with the average age being in the 60's. 2) Colorectal polyps were found at the rectum (39.5%), sigmoid colon (35.9%). The size of the polyps was less than 0.6 cm in diameter (44.6%), between 0.6 and 1.0 cm (27.7%), between 1.1 and 2.0 cm (22.6%). The number of polyp was single polyp (59.5%). According to the Yamada classification, type III was the most common (43.1%). 3) Histopathologic findings were as follows. Tubular adenomas (58.6%), LSPs was in 3 cases, and malignant changed polyps in 14 case. 4) The malignantly changed polyps peaked in those in their 70's, had sizes ranging between 1.1 and 2.0 cm. Histopathologic finding were villous adenomas (50.0%), tubular adenomas (13.2%), LSPs (33.3%) in orders. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of cancer of villous adenomas and LSP was higher than other polyps, the size of the adenomas, their numbers do not seem to influence the malignancy rate in this report.
Adenoma ; Adenoma, Villous ; Classification ; Colon* ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonic Polyps* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps ; Prevalence ; Rectum