No abstract available.
Hedgehogs*

No abstract available.
Forearm* ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Male ; Penis*

No abstract available.
Facial Asymmetry*

No abstract available.
Tissue Expansion Devices*

No abstract available.
Prune Belly Syndrome* ; Turner Syndrome*

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the most common cause of neurologic disorder accompanying grave prognosisand its mortality above 50%. Prior to introduction of the CT, the diagnosis have been depended on clinicalfindings and spinal puncture. Radiologic diagnostic methods, such as angiography, ventriculography andradioisotope scanning are invasive and less sentitive in diagnosis of CVA than CT. The size, location andextension of the intracranial pathology and ventricular penetration are accureately and rapidly portrayed by CT.Consequently, CT plays impotant role in effective tratement and evaluation of prognosis in CVA. Authors analyzed63 cases of diagnosed CVA who were performed CT scan in Korea General Hospital from November 1981 to April 1982.The results were as follows. 1. The most prevalent age group of CVA was 6th decade, and then 7th and 5th decadesin decreasing order. The sex ration between male and female was 1.2:1. 2. The causes of CVA were hypertensivehemorrhage (50.8%), vascular occlusive disease(22.2%), anurysm ruture (4.8%), arteriovenous malformation (3.2%)and hemorrhage of unknown etiology (19.0%). 3. The most common site of hemorrhage was basal ganglia (34.6%) andthen thalamus(21.8%) and cerebral lobes(20.5%). In infarction, the common sites were the lobes(64.7%) and thebasal ganglia (35.3%) 4. Round or oval shaped hematomas of high density (85.9%) were frequent findings ofhemorrhage and mass effect occured in 75.6%. 5. All infarctions were low in density ; Most of the lesion wasinhomogeneous(70.6%) and the rests were homogeneous. Mass effects were seen in 29.4%.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Basal Ganglia ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Ganglia ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infarction ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Nervous System Diseases ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Spinal Puncture ; Stroke ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Diagnostic ultrasound has become one of the most useful tools in the practice of obstetics. It has been ofparticular utility in the placental localization. We analyzed 34 patients of placenta previa scanned byultrasound. The reults were as follows; 1. The age of patient ranged from 22 to 39 years, showing the highestincidence in 26 to 30 years. 2. The accuracy of correct localization was 70.6%. 3. Among 13 cases diagnosed byultrasound as total placenta previa, 2 cases were partial placenta previa and 1 was low-lying placenta at the timeof delivery. 4. Among 9 cases diagnosed by ultrasound as partial placenta previa, 1 case was total palcenta previaand 1 case was low-lying placenta and 1 case was upper segment placenta. 5. Among 10 cases diagnosed by utrasoundas low-lying placenta, 2 cases were partial placenta previa. 6. Among 2 cases diagnosed by utlrasound as uppersegment placenta, 1 case was total placental previa and 1 case was partial placenta previa. 7. Among 9 cases doneserial ultrasoud, 3 cases revealed that the placenta migrates toward fundus in the course of pregnancy, Therefore,the palcental scanning should be repeated in the last month before term to decide the mode of delivery.conclusively, ultrasonography is the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of placental localization becuseit provides speedy and repeatable way without any known risk to both mother and fetus itself. Careful performanceand accurate interpretation shold be needed for more correct palcental localization.
Fetus ; Humans ; Mothers ; Placenta Previa ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Lipids and fatty acids are very important for brain and nervous system in growing children. This study was carried out to compare the composition of serum lipids and fatty acids according to the type of feeding in children. METHODS: One hundred and twenty two children aged from 5 month to 24 month who visited Soonchunhyang University Hospital from Mar. 1995 to Jan. 1996 with no gastrointestinal or nutritional problems were selected to compare the composition of serum lipids and fatty acids according to the type of feeding. They were divided into 3 groups according to type of feeding. Thirty three cases were breast milk fed group (BF), 48 cases were formula fed group and 41 cases were whole cow's milk fed group. Serum lipids were analysed by Folch method. Fatty acid methyl ester was made with BF3-methanol solution. Fatty acid contents (area%) were calculated by automatic analyser. RESULTS: 1) The mean serum cholesterol level was 144.14mg/dl and it was significantly higher in breast milk fed group (BF). 2) The mean serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level was 88.82mg/dl and it was significantly higher in breast milk fed group (BF) (p<0.05). 3) Serum polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) level was 39.13% and it was significantly higher in BF. 5) Mean serum omega6 fatty acid level was 35.43% and there was no significant difference between three groups. 6) Mean serum omega3 fatty acid level was 3.70% and it was significantly higher in BF (p<0.05). 7) Mean serum arachidonic acid (AA) level was 5.28% and it was significantly higher in BF (p<0.005). 8) Mean serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level was 0.51% and there was no significant difference between three groups. 9) Mean serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level was 2.00% and it was significantly higher in BF (p<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional benefit of breast milk was proven by significantly high serum levels of arachidonic acid and DHA in breast milk fed group. Essential fatty acids and DHA should be addded to infant formula. Excessive amount of whole cow's milk feeding to infants is not good in nutritional aspects. Education and guidance about feeding method of infants are also needed.
Arachidonic Acid ; Brain ; Child* ; Cholesterol ; Education ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid ; Fatty Acids* ; Fatty Acids, Essential ; Feeding Methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; Lipoproteins ; Milk ; Milk, Human ; Nervous System

The enzyme complex 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) is involed in the biosynthesis of all classes of active steroids. It has been known that the enzymatic activity of 3beta-HSD is present not only in the classical steroido-genic tissues, but also in many peripheral tissues. This study was performed to investigated of 3beta-HSD immunore-activity in the rat cardiovascular tissues such as the ventricle, atrium, aortic arch, and abdominal aorta. Immunoblot analyses and immunohistochemical studies were performed using polyclonal antibodies raised against purified human placental 3beta-HSD. We identified 43 and 37KDa bands in the ventricle and atrum, whereas only 37KDa band was observed in the aortic arch and abdominal aorta. Immunostaining for 3beta-HSD was detected in the ventricular and atrial cardiocytes. The intensity of staining was much higher in the atrial cardiocytes than in the ventricular cardiocytes. Immunostaining was also found in the smooth muscles of aortic arch and abdominal aorta.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Cardiovascular System* ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth ; Oxidoreductases ; Rats* ; Steroids

BACKGROUNDS: This study investigated whether or not a polymorphism in the gene encoding the surfactant protein A(SP-A) has any bearing on the individual susceptibility to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in a genetically homogenous Korean population. METHODS: The genotypes of 19 COPD patients and 20 healthy neonates as controls were tested using a polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for the SP-A gene. RESULTS: The specific frequencies of the 6A2 and 6A18 alleles of SP-A1 and the 1A2 allele of SP-A2 were much higher in the COPD group than control group (p<0.05). However, the frequencies of the 6A3 and 6A4 alleles of SP-A1 and the 1A0 allele of SP-A2 in the COPD group were significantly lower than the control group. In the COPD group, the frequencies of the +50 locus genotypes GG of SP-A1 and the +9 locus genotypes CC of SP-A2 were 85.0% and 60.6%, respectively, and 19.7% and 24.8% in the control group, respectively. The frequencies of the polymorphic genotypes or alleles showed a statistically significant difference between the COPD group and the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: A genetic polymorphism in SP-A is associated with the development of COPD in the Korean population.
Alleles ; Genotype ; Humans* ; Infant, Newborn ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive*