No abstract available.
Lacerations* ; Spine*

PURPOSE: To analyze CT and follow-up chest radiographic findings in patients with necrotizing pneumonia and to evaluate clinical significance of the extent of necrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records and retrospectively analysed CT scans and follow-up chest radiographs of 22 patients with necrotizing pneumonia, confirmed by biopsy(n=7) and culture (n=15). Inclusion criteria for necrotizing pneumonia was necrotic low attenuation, with or without cavitation on postcontrast enhanced CT scan. The study group included 15 men and seven women, aged 11-66 years (average: 47years). RESULTS: The pathogens of necrotizing pneumonia were Klebsiella spp(n=7), Enterobacter spp(n=5), Actinomyces spp(n=4), Pseudomonas spp(n=4), Nocardia spp(n=4), and others(n=5). Average duration of pneumonia was 4.1 months. On CT scan, pneumonic consolidations were well-marginated in 14 patients and there were cavities on initial CT scan in 16 cases. Margins of the necrotic portion on CT scan were well-demarcated in majority of the patients(16/22). Low attenuation areas on initial CT scan resulted in cavitation, fibrosis and volume loss as shown on follow-up chest radiographs. The larger the necrotic areas on CT, the more the volume loss was. CONCLUSION: CT findings of necrotizing pneumonia were well-marginated air-space consolidation with low attenuation area, with or without cavity. The extent of necrotic area was closely related with the degree of fibrotic change later on. CT is important tool for diagnosis and prediction of parenchymal damage in necrotizing pneumonia.
Actinomyces ; Diagnosis ; Enterobacter ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Male ; Medical Records ; Necrosis ; Nocardia ; Pneumonia* ; Pseudomonas ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To analyze CT and follow-up chest radiographic findings in patients with necrotizing pneumonia and to evaluate clinical significance of the extent of necrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records and retrospectively analysed CT scans and follow-up chest radiographs of 22 patients with necrotizing pneumonia, confirmed by biopsy(n=7) and culture (n=15). Inclusion criteria for necrotizing pneumonia was necrotic low attenuation, with or without cavitation on postcontrast enhanced CT scan. The study group included 15 men and seven women, aged 11-66 years (average: 47years). RESULTS: The pathogens of necrotizing pneumonia were Klebsiella spp(n=7), Enterobacter spp(n=5), Actinomyces spp(n=4), Pseudomonas spp(n=4), Nocardia spp(n=4), and others(n=5). Average duration of pneumonia was 4.1 months. On CT scan, pneumonic consolidations were well-marginated in 14 patients and there were cavities on initial CT scan in 16 cases. Margins of the necrotic portion on CT scan were well-demarcated in majority of the patients(16/22). Low attenuation areas on initial CT scan resulted in cavitation, fibrosis and volume loss as shown on follow-up chest radiographs. The larger the necrotic areas on CT, the more the volume loss was. CONCLUSION: CT findings of necrotizing pneumonia were well-marginated air-space consolidation with low attenuation area, with or without cavity. The extent of necrotic area was closely related with the degree of fibrotic change later on. CT is important tool for diagnosis and prediction of parenchymal damage in necrotizing pneumonia.
Actinomyces ; Diagnosis ; Enterobacter ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Male ; Medical Records ; Necrosis ; Nocardia ; Pneumonia* ; Pseudomonas ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism* ; Hindlimb Suspension* ; Hindlimb* ; Insulin* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Rats* ; Receptor, Insulin*

In spite of large volume of reports, surprisingly little information is avail-able about the function of the foot in standing and there are still many controversies about the exact proportion of the weight distributed in discrete areas of the foot. The purpose of this study is to evaluate about the exact proportion of the weight distribution in discrete areas of the foot through the photoelastic technique. In the results of this study according to the 10 regional division method, 4.4% of the total load of one foot was loaded on the toes(1 st toe, 2.2% ;2nd toe, 0.8%; lateral toes, 1.4%), 27.4% on the metatarsal area(lst metatarsal, 6.6%; 2nd metatarsal 8.7% ; lateral metatarsals, 12.5%), 8.6% on the midfoot(medial midfoot, 1.4%; lateral midfoot, 7.3%) and 59.2% on the heel(medial heel, 31.9%; lateral heel, 27.%), respectively. As in other reports, the toes played little role in weight bearing and the midfoot suggested the presence of the longitudinal arch. The metatarsal area received considerable amount of weight but the priority of the first metatarsal area was not demonstrable, rendering the presence of the transverse metatarsal arch doubtful. The heel received more than half of total weight given in one foot(p < 0.005). No significant difference was demonstrable between the dominant side and the nondominant side other than in midfoot.
Foot ; Heel ; Metatarsal Bones ; Methods ; Toes ; Weight-Bearing

Among many kinds of internal fixation techniques for the transverse fracture of the patella, AO modified tension band wiring technique and Pyrford technique have been widely used. However, it seems that those techniques are not strong enough to withstand immediate full weight bearing and full range of motion exercise postoperatively. Instead, a load sharing wiring technique seems to be more effective fixation technique. A comparative study was performed to evaluate the load sharing wiring technique using porcine patellae. Transverse fractures of thirty knees were made and were fixed with 3 different fixation technique. 1) AO modified tension band wiring technique, 2) Pyrford technique, and 3) Load sharing wiring technique. Then, those knees were mounted on the material testing system (Instron 4204(R)) and longitudinal traction was applied. The result showed that the separation of the fracture fragments was much less with the load sharing wiring technique than with the AO modified tension band wiring technique and the Pyrford tehchnique when 5 kg to 25 kg of traction was applied(P<0.05). The load sharing wiring technique showed less than 0.4mm of separation at 25~50kg of traction, where other techniques led specimen to failure. From this study, it was suggested that the load sharing wiring technique was proved to be more effective fixation technique compared to other techniques.
Knee ; Patella* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Traction ; Weight-Bearing