Venous island flap has many advantages over other flaps, such as random pattern flap, island flap or free flap. It can cover the defect with wide arc of rotation and does not require vessel anastomosis and arterial pedicle, hence more sites are available for donor. The procedure is a time saving and simple procedure and can be performed even by two operating members. But it is not frequently used because of the poor survival of the flap. In this study, we attempted to allow whether pharmacological or delay procedure can enhance the survival of the venous island flap and the mechanism of the delay flap survival. We devised a model of venous island flap whose pedicle was a branch of central vein on the auricle of Newzeland white rabbit. SOD, allopurinol and SOD and allopurinol were given as pharmacological treatment and delay procedure was carried out to enhance the survival of the flap. For the study of survival mechanism of the delay flap, SOD levels of the delay and non-delay flap were observed by SOD 525 method. The results were as follows: 1. Allopurinol, SOD and, SOD and allopurinol improved the survival of the flap significantly. 2. Delay procedure improved the survival of the flap significantly. 3. The level of SOD in delay flap was higher than that of non-delay flap regardless of the site within the flap or time passage. In conclusion, it is inferred that the administration of allopurinol and SOD and surgical delay can enhance the survival of the venous island flap. In delay venous island flap, increased level of SOD within the flap seem to contribute to the increased survival of the flap.
Allopurinol ; Free Radicals* ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Oxygen* ; Tissue Donors ; Veins

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma*

Xeroderma pigmentosum, a rare, genetically determined dermatosis, is often cornplicated by malignant chagnes of various types-most commonly, basal-cell epithelioma, squamous cell epithelioma, less frequently malignant meIanoma, keratoacanthoma, fibrosarcoma, and endothelioma have been reported. In Korea, no case has ever been reported in literature except four cases at a symposium for dermatology, two of them complicated by basal-cell epithelioma, and the others by squamous cell epithelioma. This case reported was complicated by squamous cell epithelioma. As one of the anticancer treatments, especially for skin cancer, Bleomycin is, now, drawing the attention for its high therapeutic index with only few side effects. For this case, we injected Rleomycin 15mg at once, twice a week, for 8 weeks, So total injection was 16 times and 240mg of Bleomycin was given in total. While this amount given for this case was not enough for the complete treatment of squamous cell epithelioma, we got the following results: 1. Clinically, the ulcerated lesion of the cancer on the right ala nasi had shrunken in size with reepithelialization at the margin showing clear surface, and 2. microscopically, the atypical cancer cell masses and individual cell keratinizations had been decreased in size and in number, and less remarkable comparing to those in untreated stage at his first visit to the hospital.
Bleomycin* ; Carcinoma* ; Dermatology ; Fibrosarcoma ; Keratoacanthoma ; Korea ; Skin Diseases ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ulcer ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

No abstract available.
Spine*

No abstract available.
Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Renal Dialysis*

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), Keratomileusis In Situ (KM), Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), and clear lens extraction have been performed for high myopic patients. Among the above surgical procedures KM and LASIK are applied to young patients in general. However, comparison of clinical results of these two procedures was not reported yet in Korea. To evaluate the clinical results of KM (n=16) and LASIK (n=11) for high myopic patients between -15 diopter (D) and -23 diopter (D), spherical equivalent (S.E) and uncorrected visual acuity were studied for more than ten months, retrospectively. The mean S.E. was changed from -17.36 D before operation to -3.70 D ten months after operation in KM, whereas it was from -17.41 D to -0.31 D in LASIK. At ten months after operation, uncorrected visual acuity equal or better than best corrected visual acuity before operation was 43. 8% in KM and 63. 6% in LASIK. This results show that the clinical result of LASIK were superior to that of KM for high myopia.
Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Korea ; Myopia* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

The grading of astrocytoma has traditionally relied on histological assessment, but there are some differences in their parameters, application, and reproducibility. Recently, numerous studies have attempted to correlate biological aggresiveness with tumor proliferation index using new immunohistochemical methods. The purpose of this study is to correlate the histopathological grades of astrocytoma with the expression of Ki-67, PCNA, p53 protein and AgNORs. The paraffin sections of 41 consecutive cases of astrocytomas were examined. Histologically the tumors were graded as three groups under the St. Anne-Mayo system and showed 14 cases in grade II, 15 cases in grade III and 12 cases in grade IV (glioblastoma multiforme). As a result, the Ki-67 labelling index and p53 protein expression tended to increase with increasing grade of malignancy. But the univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the tumor grades (p>0.05). The PCNA labelling index and number of AgNORs revealed striking differences between the grade II and grade III astrocytomas (p<0.05). We concluded that the PCNA labelling index and AgNORs counting are useful markers for differentiation between grade II and III astrocytomas.
Astrocytoma* ; Paraffin ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Strikes, Employee

BACKGROUND: Recently developed electrically stimulated gracilis neosphicter or artificial sphincter is quite a promising trial in fecal incontinence However, surgical technique is not simple, the devices are expensive and only specialists can perform the procedures successfully. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed simple silicon device in incontinent dog model. METHODS: A New Colostomy Device (NCD; US Patent No. 5,569,216) for fixing in the stoma or rectum of human body, includes an internal balloon, a ring figured extemal balloon surrounding the internal balloon, a connecting tube disposed under the both infernal and external balloons and supply tube containing a pair of air passages and an enema fluid passage. It is designed to be inserted into the rectum and is held in place by an inflatable external balloon and drains irrigated fecal matter through a thin collapsible connecting tube which exist in the anal canal. Six mongrel dog with 22~26 kg of body weight were prepared. Anal incontinence was made by bilateral severing of the internal and external sphincters and puborectalis muscle under the general anesthesia. Marlex mesh ring was applied to the anal canal as Thiersch wire for the prevention of NCD expulsion in straining. After then, NCD with 2.5 cm of luminal diameter was inserted to the rectum proximal to the Malex mesh ring. Daily irrigation and evacuation was done with 800~1000 cc of tepid water in each dogs. Daily food contained 30 gm of Psyllium dextrose. RESULTS: Initially 6 dogs were observed for 7 days. Daily irrigation made evacuation of fecal matter well in each dogs. There was no prolapse of device through the anal orifice. Anoscopic examination after 7 days showed no rectal and anal mucosal injury. Two dogs were kept for 40 days as same manner. Sometimes spontaneous bowel movement without water irrigation was noted when the stool were loose. Weelky anoscopic examination revealed no evidence of mucosal injuries for 40 days also. There was no septic or other complication. CONCLUSION: NCD evacuated fecal matter well enough to empty the rectum in all incontinence dog model. Adequate sized NCD could be used for clinical trials in selected incontinence patients.
Anal Canal ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Colostomy* ; Dogs* ; Enema ; Fecal Incontinence ; Glucose ; Human Body ; Humans ; Phenobarbital ; Polypropylenes ; Prolapse ; Psyllium ; Rectum ; Silicones ; Specialization ; Water

No abstract available.
Longitudinal Ligaments* ; Spine*

The purpose of this investigation was to study the changes in the epiphyseal plate of growing mice by histological, histochemical and electron microscopic observation through the administration of radioactive isotope I which induced hypothyroidism. To confirm hypothyroidism induced, radioimmunoassay for triiodothyronine was carried out and the morphologic changes of thyroid gland were observed by a light microscope. Of the total of eighty ICR strain of mice, fifty received single intraperitoneal injection of 20ue/gm of radioactive isotope I which were dissolved in 0.2ml of saline. Thirty received single intraperitoneal injection of only 0.2ml of saline and these mice were used as control groups. At the end of first, second, third, fourth, sixth and eighth week after injection, both saline injected and I treated mice were sacrifised. The thyroid gland and epiphyseal plate being removed were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue and with uranyl acetate lead citrate in each for histological, histochemical and electron microscopic studies, The results obtained are as follows: 1. The thickness of epiphyseal plate was narrowed in the I treated animals. In each zone of epiphyseal plate the cell size was reduced although the cell numbers of each cell column were not changed. This means that the reduction of thickness in the epiphyseal plate was due mainly to decreased cell size and scanty territorial matrix not to decreased cell number. 2. Alcianophility was markedly decreased ln proliferative zone, indicating that acid mucopolysaccharide diminished markedly or was absent in the proliferative zone. 3. In electron microscopic examination, the number of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum was decreased and their cisternae were narrowed. Decreasing tendency of dilatation and sacculation of cisternae, .reduced number of attached ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum, and atrophy of the Golgi apparatus with diminished number of its vesicles were noted, However glycogen particlea were accumulated. 4. The number and length of each trabeculae in the metaphysis just adjacent to the epiphyseal cartilage plate were reduced markedly, and occasionally chondrocytes which were not consumed by endochondral ossification were observed in the cartilage lattice.
Alcian Blue ; Animals ; Atrophy ; Cartilage ; Cell Count ; Cell Size ; Chondrocytes ; Citric Acid ; Dilatation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Glycogen ; Golgi Apparatus ; Growth Plate ; Hematoxylin ; Hypothyroidism ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Mice ; Radioimmunoassay ; Ribosomes ; Thyroid Gland ; Tibia ; Triiodothyronine