We report two cases of malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue arising in the conjunctiva. Case 1, an 18-year-old girl, showed her left lower conjunctival swelling for four months and Case 2, a 29-year-old man, showed similar lesions on both his eyes for one year. Histologically, both cases revealed monomorphous dense lymphoid infiltrates invading the overlying conjunctival epithelium with diffuse patterns. The infiltrates were composed of small lymphocytes admixed with centrocyte-like cells within the conjunctival epithelium and stroma in association with B-cell lineage. No relapse was noted during the period of about 1½ years follow-up in case 1 treated by local excision only and in the follow-up period of 2 months in case 2 treated by local excision and subsequent chemotherapy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; B-Lymphocytes ; Conjunctiva* ; Drug Therapy ; Epithelium ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoid Tissue* ; Lymphoma* ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: To compare the short-term effects of intravitreal versus posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular edema. METHODS: This is a prospective and interventional study. Sixty eyes of 60 patients who had diffuse diabetic macular edema were assigned to receive a single intravitreal injection (4 mg) or a single posterior subtenon injection (40 mg) of triamcinolone acetonide. The central retinal thickness was measured using optical coherent tomography before injection and at 1 and 3 months after injection. Visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) were also measured. RESULTS: Both intravitreal and posterior subtenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide resulted in significant improvements in visual acuity at 1 month and 3 months after injection. Both groups resulted in a significant decrease in central macular thickness (CMT) at 1 month and 3 months post-injection. IOP in the intravitreal injection group was significantly higher than in the posterior subtenon injection group at 3 months after injection. CONCLUSIONS: The posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide had a comparable effect to the intravitreal triamcinolone injection and showed a lower risk of elevated IOP. Posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide may be a good alternative for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema.
Vitreous Body ; Visual Acuity ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Prospective Studies ; Orbit ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Macular Edema, Cystoid/*drug therapy/etiology/pathology ; Injections ; Humans ; Glucocorticoids/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Fundus Oculi ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Female ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*complications/pathology ; Aged

PURPOSE: To quantitatively compare the role of posterior vitreous detachment in macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) using OCT. METHODS: A retrospective study of 36 eyes with BRVO-associated macular edema was carried out from November 2003 to February 2005. There was posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in 23 eyes [PVD (+) group], and vitreoretinal attachment on the fovea in 31 eyes [PVD (-) group]. PVD was detected with an indirect ophthalmoscope or 90D lens. The foveal thicknesses of the two groups were measured and compared. RESULTS: The mean foveal thicknesses of the PVD (-) and PVD (+) groups were 398.0+/-217.2 micrometer and 233.6+/-80.6 micrometer, respectively (p=0.000, Mann-Whitney test). The mean BCVA (log MAR) was 0.77+/-0.52 in the PVD (-) group and 0.40+/-0.37 in the PVD (+) group (p=0.002, Mann-Whitney test). CONCLUSIONS: The extent of macular edema associated with BRVO was significantly less in the PVD(+) group and BCVA was significantly better in the PVD (+) group as well.
Macular Edema* ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitreous Detachment*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humeral tunnel characters and clinical relevance according to entry point of the humeral tunnel in the baseball players. It was hypothesized that the medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction with nonanatomical starting location of the humeral tunnel (inferior edge of the medial epicondyle: group NA) provided less favorable radiological and clinical outcomes compared to that with anatomical starting location (original footprint of the MCL: group A). The retrospective case review yielded 19 consecutive athletes who underwent isolated MCL reconstruction using the docking technique. Three dimensional-computed tomography scan was performed at 3 months, and the iso-surfacing by marching cubes algorithm were applied to evaluate the length and angle of humeral tunnel. Three outcome measures were used in this study: the visual analog scale for pain, range of motion and the Conway scale. The angle of the humeral tunnel was measured 12.2° (range, 7.9°–25.2°) in the group NA and 15.5° (range, 9.8°–30.4°) in the group A (p<0.05). The mean length of humeral tunnel is measured 16.3 mm (range, 11.7–20.1 mm) in the group NA and 15.2 mm (range, 10.3–19.1 mm) in the group A (p<0.05). MCL reconstruction brought substantial improvement in pain and function. However, between-group comparison revealed no statistical differences in all outcome measurements. The MCL reconstruction using the docking technique provided favorable clinical outcomes in baseball players. Although the humeral tunnel angle and length were different depending on the humeral entry points, clinical differences between the two entry points were not found.
Athletes ; Baseball* ; Collateral Ligaments* ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Analog Scale

PURPOSE: To report a case of cancer-associated retinopathy developed in a patient with small cell lung cancer, which is a kind of paraneoplastic syndrome. METHODS: A 78-year-old woman presented complaining of decreased visual acuity and visual field that had developed about 15 days previously. She was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer 1.5 years ago and underwent 3 cycles of chemotherapy. At presentation, the best-corrected visual acuity was hand motion in both eyes and there was no afferent pupillary defect. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination revealed no specific abnormality in the anterior segment of either eye, and intraocular pressure was normal. Posterior segment examination demonstrated remarkable arteriolar narrowing in both eyes, but there was little doubt about the presence of an optic nerve lesion such as optic disc edema or pallor. RESULTS: Fluorescein angiography and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed no significant abnormalities. However, electroretinograms (ERG) demonstrated marked reduction in the a and b waves. Visual evoked response was delayed for the latency period. She was treated with systemic steroid, after which her visual acuity gradually improved.
Aged ; Brain ; Drug Therapy ; Edema ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hand ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Optic Nerve ; Pallor ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular* ; Pupil Disorders ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields

Leiomyoma is rare. Most of patients present with urinary tract infection, hematuria, dyspareunia, or complaint of mass. A case of leiomyoma on urethrovaginal septum in a 36 years old female was presented. The presenting symptom was a protruding mass at the anterior vaginal wall The mass was removed surgically and confirmed as a leiomyoma pathologically.
Adult ; Dyspareunia ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Urinary Tract Infections

The use of artificial skins for full thickness wounds is an accepted technique, but unfortunately the take rate is low and the aesthetical result is not acceptable. The freeze-drying treatment of allogenic tissues can destroy cells with preserving the structural organization of extracellular matrices, permitting allogenic transplantation. In this study we investigated a new method to process the allogenic skin for transplantable allogenic dermis and this dermis was evaluated in a full thickness wound model. The results are as followings; 1. After treatment with NaCl and SDS solution and then with freeze-drying method, the allogenic dermis shows acellular dermal matrix with preserved normal extracellular matrix. 2. This allogenic dermis became completely incorporated into the wound without evidence of rejection or replacement by scar tissue. 3. The take rate of thin autografts overlying the allogenic dermis that were applied simultaneously was comparable to take rate of autograft alone. 4. The reduction in secondary contraction by allogenic dermis treated wounds was significant. 5. After grafting with cultured keratinocytes, the degree of epithelial coverage was 70% at 2 weeks. In conclusion, the allogenic dermis processed with our method displayed lack of antigenicity, and rapid revascularization. This allogenic dermis can permit simultaneous engraftment of an overlying STSG or cultured kerationocytes, reduce secondary contraction and improve cosmesis of full thickness wounds.
Acellular Dermis ; Autografts ; Cicatrix ; Dermis* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Keratinocytes ; Skin ; Skin, Artificial ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries*

BACKGROUND: Mycosis fungoides(MF) is a form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma with clonal differentiation of helpr' T cell. It has a patch, plaque, and tumor stage. But pathogenetic factors controlling the development and progression of MF are still unclear. Apoptosis plays a major role in developmental biology and homeostasis. The bcl-2 oncogene prolongs ce11 life by inhibiting apoptosis. The mutant pS3 gene induces apoptosis indirectly. Ki-67 antigen is the cell proliferation marker. Recently, it has been shown that the relationships among them are important in the tumorigenesis of the various tumors. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the expression of these genes and apoptotic rate and clarify the relationship among them in the development and progression of MF. METHODS: The eighteen specimens from 8 patients with MF and 10 specimens from benign lymphocytic infiltrating diseases including 5 lichen planus, 3 lupus erythematosus, and 2 contact dermatitis were included. We performed immunoperoxidase staining(LSAB technique) using monoclonal antibodies including bc1-2, p~53, and Ki-67(MIB1). We used ApoptaqTM(Oncor) in situ labelling kit for detecting apoptotic cell.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Apoptosis* ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Proliferation ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Developmental Biology ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Lichen Planus ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Oncogenes

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

No abstract available.
Hydrocephalus*