No abstract available.
Chylothorax* ; Lymphangiectasis*

To investigate the imbalance of the cytokine production profile of T cells from atopic asthmatics, we measured concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-y by ELISA method in the culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and Derrnato-phagoides pteronyssinus(Der p) J-stimulated PBMCs from Der p-sensitized atopic asthmatics, Der p-sensitized healthy atopits, non-atopic asthmatics and healthy non-atopics. The suppressive effect of IFN-y on cytokine production of Der p J-stimulated PBMCs was also examined. The PBMCs from atopics showed higher IL-4 and IL-5 production in response to PHA +TPA and higher IFN-gamma production in response to Der p Jq compared with non-atopits. The Der p J-stimulated PBMCs from atopics showed a tendency of increased IL-5 production in response to Der p J and higher IL-4 and IL-5 production in response to PHA+TPA compared with non-atopics. IL-5 production of Der p J-stimulated PBMCs from atopics was suppressed by IFN It is suggested that an imbalance in IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-y production is a feature of the atopic state. The TH2 characteristics of allergen-stimulated PBMCs could be regulated by IFN-y.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-5 ; T-Lymphocytes

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the serum levels of IL-10 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are different from those of normal controls and SLE patients and to find out any correlation with disease activity parameters of rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Sera from 20 healthy normal persons, 16 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 16 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were collected and measured for IL-10 and IL-6. Various disease activity parameters were measured in RA patients. RESULTS: The serum level of IL-10 in RA patients was significantly elevated compared to normal controls but lower than those of SLE patients. In RA patients there was no definite correlation between the disease activity parameters and serum IL-10 levels. Despite significant improvements in terms of various disease activity parameters, there was no significant change of serum IL-10 levels after treatment in RA patients. In seropositive RA patients, positive correlation was found between serun IL-10 and rheumatoid factor levels. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that the serum IL-10 levels in patietns with RA are elevated compared to normal controls but lower than those of SLE patients. There was no correlation between serum IL-10 levels and disease acivity parameters of RA.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Humans ; Interleukin-10* ; Interleukin-6 ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Rheumatoid Factor

A total of 0.3ml of 100% sulfur hexafluoride(SF6) was injected into vitreous cavity with a single shot or two 0.15ml shots, and the time dependent intraocular pressure changes were compared. Intraocular pressure was monitored at 5 minute intervals for 60 minutes after injection. Immediately after a single shot injection, remarkable intraocular pressure elevation(85mmHg, mean)was observed, which returned, however, to normal level within 15 minutes. Intraocular pressure elevation was milder when a smaller bolus of gas(0.15ml)was separately injected twice. No re-elevation of intraocular pressure was noted with either method after the initial return to normal.
Intraocular Pressure* ; Sulfur

100% sulfur hexafluoride(SF6) was injected into the vitreous cavity of nonvitrectomized retinal detachment patients. A total of 0.5ml of gas was injected with a single shot in 3 eyes or two 0.25ml in 3 eyes without lowering of intraocular pressure. And in 3 eyes, single shot of 0.5ml of gas was used after lowering of intraocular pressure. The changes of intraocular pressure were monitored at 5 minute intervals for 60 minutes and at one hour intervals for 8 hours after injection. Marked elevation of intraocular pressure was noted in both single shot group, but the elevation of intraocular pressure of double shot group was much smaller. But in all groups, the intraocular pressures were returned to under 30mmHg within 20 minutes and no re-elevation of intraocular pressure was noted in all cases after initial return to normal. In a case with two 0.3ml shots, the highest pressure was 49mmHg and with 0.35ml shots, the highest pressure was 78mmHg. So the effect of SF6 on intraocular pressure seemed to be negligible so long as the injection volume was limited to 0.5ml or less in single shot; and 0.6ml in double shots.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Retinal Detachment ; Sulfur

To find out the good visual environment for reading, the methods of illumination were studied using Arden Contrast Sensitivity System. Among various factors for comfortable reading condition such as air condition, temperature, humidity, noise and light, the intensity and characters of illumination were the most important factors for eye health. If the character of illuminations are fairly good, to make the brighter condition is better for eye hdalth. But in artificial illumination, there are so many limitations for supplying light of good characters. So we set the luminosity on the desk to 500 lx in which tbe best visual acuity presented, and checked the contrast sensitivity by changing the luminosity of the room. The results suggested that the condition in which luminosity on the desk was higher twice than the room was favorable for reading.
Contrast Sensitivity* ; Humidity ; Lighting* ; Noise ; Visual Acuity

The present study was attempted to investigate and compare the antioxidant potency of several well-know flavonoids, antioxidant vitamin and commercially available popular beverages. The antioxidant potency was assessed by the effect on reducing oxidative DNA damage of human lymphocytes. Cellular oxidative DNA damage was measured by SCGE (single-cell gel electrophoresis), also known as comet assay. Lymphocytes were pre-treated for 30 minutes with wide ranges of doses of apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, rutin, quercetin, alpha-tocopherol (10,25,50,100,200,500,1000 micrometer) ,green tea extract or grape juice (10,50,100,250,500,1000 microgram/mL) followed by a H2O2(100 micrometer) treatment for 5 min as an oxidative stimulus. The physiological function of each antioxidant substance on oxidative DNA damage was analyzed as tail moment (tail length X percentage migrated DNA in tail) and expressed as relative DNA damage score after adjusting by the level of control treatment. Cells treated with H2O2 alone (positive control) had an extensive DNA damage compared with cells treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS, negative control) or pre-treated with all the tested samples. Of all the six flavonoids, quercetin was the most potent antioxidant showing the lowest ED50 of 8.5 microgram/mL (concentration to produce 50% protection of relative DNA damage). The antoxidant potency of individual flavonoids were ranked as follows in a decreasing order; luteolin (18.4 microgram/mL), myricetin (19.0 microgram/mL) , rutin (22.2 microgram/mL) , apigenin (24,3 microgram/mL) , kaempferol (25.5 microgram/mL). The protective effect of alpha-tocopherol was substantially lower (highest ED50 value of 55.0 microgram/mL) than all the other flavonoids, while the protective effect was highest in green tea and grape juice with low ED5O value of 7.6 and 5.3, respectively. These results suggest that flavonoids, especially quercetin, and natural compounds from food product, green tea and grape juice, produced powerful anti-oxidative activities, even stronger than alpha-tocopherol. Taken together, supplementation of antioxidants to lymphocytes followed by oxidative stimulus inhibited damage to cellular DNA, supporting a protective effect against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species.
alpha-Tocopherol ; Antioxidants ; Apigenin ; Beverages ; Comet Assay* ; DNA Damage* ; DNA* ; Flavonoids* ; Humans ; Luteolin ; Lymphocytes* ; Quercetin ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Rutin ; Tea ; Vitamins ; Vitis

Buoy flap was useful method for soft tissue defect, bone defect or bone and soft tissue defect. Also the buoy flap could use monitoring for blood flow. The advantages of the buoy flap were long length of perforating cutaneous branch, large diameter of Peroneal vessel, transposition in same leg and the another advantage was that the fibula is the long, straight and mainly cortical bone. To obtain successful result of buoy flap, one must have the anatomic concept for vascular pattern (straight branch, proximal oblique branch, branch from muscular branch, distal oblique branch), relationships with surrounding muscles (between Peroneus m. and Soleus m., Through Peroneus m., through Soleus m.) and length of perforating branch. So, we studied total 19 person, 22 cases of buoy flap, who were admitted and took the operation at Kyung Hee University College hospital, from October 1985 to March 1987.
Clinical Study ; Fibula ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Muscles

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the clinical progress and the maternal and fetal outcome in 16 pregnancies complicated by the HELLP(hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet). Material: We reviewed the maternal and neonatal charts from 16 consecutive pregnancies complicated by the HELLP syndrome among 302 pregnancies complicated by preeclamsia and eclamsia managed at our hospital during the period of 4 years from June 1994 through June 1998. The HELLP syndrome was defined by previously published laboratory criteria. We assessed the time of onset, presenting symptom, laboratory finding, mode of delivery, fetal and maternal complication in each case. We also reviewed the clinical finding in detail in the case resulted in maternal death. RESULTS: In regards to the time of onset, 15 cases (93.7%) occurred at antepartum period and only 1 case (6.2%) occurred at postpartum period. Among the 15 cases occurred at antepartum period, 13 cases (81.25%) developed at 27 to 36 weeks gestation and 2 cases (12.5%) developed at near term. In regards to the presenting symptom, twelve patients (75%) complained of right upper quardrant or epigastric pain. Of 16 patients, 12 patients (75%) experienced headache and 10 patients (62.5%) complained of nausea, or vomiting and 5 patients (31.2%) had visual disturbance. The laboratory finding of all 16 cases were as follow; the mean level of platelet: 68700/mm3 (range: 48000 to 91700), the mean level of serum asparate aminotransferase: 335 IU/L (range: 62 to 135), the mean level of lactic dehydrogenase: 910 IU/L (range: 558 to 5794), and the mean level of total bilirubin: 2.6 mg/dl (range: 0.7 to 10.4). To review the mode of delivery, cesarean sections were done on 10 patients (62.5%) including 7(43.7%) emergency and 3(18.7%) elective operations. However, 6 patients (37.5%) delivered vaginally. Maternal complications were as follow; abruptio placenta in 1 case (6.2%), DIC in 2 cases (12.5%), pulmonary edema in 3 cases (18.7%), pleural effusion in 4 cases (25%), renal failure in 4 cases (25%), and 1 case of death. Fetal and neonatal outcome was assessed; 9 cases of intrauterine growth retardation (56.2%), meconium stained in 3 cases (18.7%), 2 stillbirth (12.5%), and 2 neonatal death (12.5%). CONCLUSION: HELLP syndrome is associated with serious maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Bilirubin ; Blood Platelets ; Cesarean Section ; Dacarbazine ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Headache ; HELLP Syndrome ; Hemolysis* ; Humans ; Liver* ; Maternal Death ; Meconium ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Oxidoreductases ; Placenta ; Pleural Effusion ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy* ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Insufficiency ; Stillbirth ; Vomiting

Gastric stump cancer is defined as cancers that develop in the gastric remnant after the gastric resection of nonmalignant lesions or malignant lesions. The interval between gastrectomy and the detection of gastric stump cancer must be over 5 years in nonmaligant lesions and 10 years in malignant lesions. Symptoms of gastric stump cancer are not specific, so, diagnosis is often delayed. Early detection and curative operation is very important in gasric stump cancer and follow-up endoscopic examination is the most importaint diagnostic tool to detect gastric stump cancer. Recently we experienced a case of early gastric stump cancer. We report review of the literature to remind the important of gastric stump cancer and the important of follow-up endoscopic examination.
Diagnosis ; Esophagus* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy* ; Gastric Stump* ; Intestines* ; Stomach*