PURPOSE: To investigate the vitreous proteomic profiles of macular hole (MH) patients compared to donor eyes and epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients. METHODS: Ten donor eyes, 25 MH patients (15 MH without posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and 10 MH with PVD), 10 ERM patients and 4 patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMTS) were enrolled in the present study. The undiluted vitreous samples were obtained from all eyes. Proteins were identified using the micro-RPLC/MS/MS technique and using mass spectrometric data analysis from the IPI database. Proteins were searched for the function, subcellular location and tissue specificity using the Uniprot database. RESULTS: The mean vitreous protein concentrations were the highest (p < 0.01) in MH patients without PVD. There were no qualitative changes according to the age of donor eyes. However, the authors newly-identified 12 proteins (i.e. vasorin) in donor eyes. Ten out of 136 proteins (7.3%) (i.e. retinoschisin) were exclusively detected in the MH samples. S100A8 was exclusively detected in eyes without PVD, whereas CD59 was exclusively detected in eyes with PVD. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest there is a small difference in the vitreous proteomic profiles in MH patients compared to donor eyes or ERM patients, and that the expression of vitreous proteins is closely associated with the presence of PVD.
Epiretinal Membrane ; Eye ; Humans ; Organ Specificity ; Proteins ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Retinal Perforations ; Statistics as Topic ; Tissue Donors ; Traction ; Vitreous Detachment

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of occlusion therapy in amblyopia patients older than 9 years of age. METHODS: A retrospective study on 16 amblyopes older than 9 years was performed to evaluate initial best-corrected visual acuity, final best-corrected visual acuity, the type of amblyopia, and compliance. RESULTS: The average age at initiation of amblyopia therapy was 10.5 years and the average follow-up 24 months. Anisometropia was present in 11 patients, strabismus in 2, and both anisometropia and strabismus in 3 patients. The initial visual acuity was 0.2 or less in three, 0.3 to 0.5 in seven, 0.6 to 0.7 in six patients. The refractive errors of amblyopic eye were myopic in seven, hyperopic in seven and astigmatism in two patients. The amount of anisometropia was 2.56 diopters. Strabismus was exotropia in 5 patients. Initial therapy consisted of optical correction for the amblyopic eye and full-time occlusion for the nonamblyopic eye in 14, and part-time occlusion in two patients. Maintenance therapy of part-time occlusion with a patch in 11 patients and with Min's glasses in 3 patients followed improvement of visual acuity. Fifteen out of 16 patients improved their visual acuity over 3 lines of visual acuity and one remaining patient showed poor compliance. Final visual acuities were 0.7 or better in 14 patients, and 0.5 and 0.4 in each remained patient. CONCLUSIONS: Given compliance, occlusion therapy for anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia can be successful even if started after 9 years of age.
Amblyopia* ; Anisometropia ; Astigmatism ; Compliance ; Exotropia ; Eyeglasses ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Humans ; Refractive Errors ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation of peripapillary atrophy with disc hemorrhage in glaucoma patients with a unilateral disc hemorrhage METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on the medical records of 36 glaucoma patients (7 with primary open-angle glaucoma and 29 with normal-tension glaucoma) with a unilateral disc hemorrhage during a mean follow-up period of 25 months. Topographic measurements were performed with Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) within three months of detection of a disc hemorrhage. The parameters of zone beta of peripapillary atrophy were analyzed by the atrophy zone analysis program and compared with the fellow eyes. RESULTS: The area, angular and radial extent of zone beta, and ratio of zone beta area to disc area were significantly greater in the hemorrhagic eyes than in the contralateral eyes. The difference of refractive error, intraocular pressure, MD and CPSD of visual fields was not found to be significant between both eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The area and extent of peripapillary atrophy was significantly greater in the eyes with disc hemorrhage compared to the contralateral control eyes. This study suggested quantitatively that the peripapillary atrophy is associated closely with disc hemorrhage in glaucoma patients.
Atrophy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Medical Records ; Refractive Errors ; Retina ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: To examine long-term natural history and visual prognosis of idiopathic subfoveal or juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS: A retrospective review of fourteen eyes diagnosed as idiopathic CNV at Seoul National University Hospital was done. Patients under 40 years old whose follow-up period of more than 36 months without treatments were included. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with biomicroscopic and fluorescein angiographic examinations was measured at the initial and final visit. Clinical factors correlated with final visual acuity were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 34 years ranged from 20 to 40 years and male to female ratio was 4 to 10. Patients were followed for a median of 45 months (range, 36-60 months). On initial examinations, BCVA in 14 eyes was over 0.15 with eight eyes under 0.5 and with six eyes over 0.6. Subfoveal CNV were in 12 eyes and juxtafoveal were in 2. All had the size smaller than 1DD (disc diameter). On the final visit, BCVA in 14 eyes was over 0.2 with three eyes under 0.5 and 11 eyes more than 0.6. Five eyes (36%) retained visual acuity and 8 eyes (57%) improved more than two lines. BCVA in one eye deteriorated two lines. In 6 eyes (42%), CNV was found to be regressed after the follow-up period. Initial visual acuity was significantly correlated with final visual acuity (p=0.013, Pearson correlation test). CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic CNV has favorable visual prognosis and a tendency of spontaneous involution.
Adult ; Choroid* ; Choroidal Neovascularization* ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Natural History* ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the changes of aqueous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-6 in patients with acute macular edema secondary to recent-onset branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) after a single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) METHODS: Aqueous and plasma levels of VEGF and IL-6 were measured by ELISA in ten controls and thirty patients at the time of IVTA and 3 months afterward. We compared the aqueous levels of VEGF and IL-6 and the clinical course between responders and non-responders. RESULTS: The aqueous levels of VEGF and IL-6 were significantly higher in non-responders than in responders at baseline measurements (495+/-259 pg/ml vs. 223+/-110 pg/ml, P<.001; 36+/-32 pg/ml vs. 16+/-19 pg/ml, P=.037, respectively). The aqueous levels of VEGF were still higher in non-responders (303+/-75 pg/ml) 3 months after IVTA, while the aqueous levels of VEGF in responders returned to normal (77+/-23 pg/ml, P<.001). The aqueous levels of IL-6 normalized in all patients 3 months after IVTA. In non-responders, central foveal thickness was significantly higher, and foveal ischemia and a wide non-perfused area were more common. CONCLUSIONS: Non-IL6-dependent VEGF may contribute to persistent or recurrent ischemic macular edema associated with BRVO after IVTA.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Intravitreal Injections ; Ischemia ; Macular Edema ; Plasma ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Triamcinolone ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

PURPOSE: To report a case of isolated cilioretinal artery occlusion associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. METHODS: A 66-year-old female presented with acute vision loss of the right eye. Three months prior, she had been diagnosed as having pseudoexfoliation glaucoma of both eyes, and the intraocular pressure of both eyes had been well-controlled with topical medication. RESULTS: The presenting visual acuity in her right eye was 20/100. Fundus examinations showed sectoral retinal whitening on superior macula. Fluorescein angiography revealed delayed filling of the cilioretinal artery, consistent with cilioretinal artery occlusion. No significant findings were identified by carotid doppler examination or echocardiography. After 8 weeks, retinal changes were completely resolved with improvement of her right vision to 20/25. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated cilioretinal artery occlusion may develop as an intraocular manifestation of pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Aged ; Arteries* ; Echocardiography ; Exfoliation Syndrome* ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Ischemia ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity

From Feb. 1985 to Aug. 1996, 450 patients underwent open heart surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. In 450 cases of open heart surgery, 222 cases(49.3%) were congenital heart diseases and 228 cases(50.7%) were acquired heart diseases. In 222 cases of congenital heart diseases, there were 201 cases of acyanotic heart disease and 21 cases of cyanotic heart diseases. Among the 228 cases of acquired heart diseases, most cases were valvular heart diseases in which 206 valves were implanted. There were 32 cases of ischemic heart disease and the average graft anastomoses were 2.37 sites per operation. The operative mortality of congenital and acquired disease was 9.0% and 10.1% respectively and then overall mortality rate was 9.6%.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Heart* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Transplants

Two cases of an anomalous systemic arterial supply to the basal segments of the left lower lobe without pulmonary wequestration are presented. In the first case, a preoperative diagnosis was made by chest CT, and confirmed by angiograpy, in a 22-year old man who had a recurrent hemoptysis. There was systemic arterial supply that originated from the thoracic descending aorta and no pulmonary arterial supply to the basilar segment of the left lower lobe. However, the pulmonary parenchyma was normal without sequestration. Ligation of the abnormal artery and a left lower lobectomy were performed without complication. In the second case, there were characteristic features of this anomaly on chest CT and the angiogram in a 31-year-old man with symptoms of hemoptysis. The patient refused surgery.
Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Ligation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Tuberculous uveitis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis infection. Although early diagnosis is important to saving the sight of patients, it is difficult. In dialysis patient, the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often delayed because of non-specific symptoms and extrapulmonary involvements. We report a case involving a 37-year-old man receiving hemodialysis who was presented with persistent fever and left- sided blurred vision. At ophthalmic examination, active papillitis, vitritis, and peripapillary retinal detachment were observed. Neck computed tomography showed multiple necrotic lymphadenopathies (LAPs) in right lateral neck, which was proven as tuberculous lymphadenitis on histological examination. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, fever was subsided and LAPs were improved. Visual acuity was also improved.
Adult ; Dialysis ; Early Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Neck ; Papilledema ; Renal Dialysis ; Retinal Detachment ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node ; Uveitis ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To determine the phenotypic characteristics of peripheral CD8(bright) T cells. METHODS: Forty patients with Behcet's disease (BD) with uveitis (active: 20; inactive: 20) and 20 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Phenotypic analysis of fresh PBMCs was performed using anti-CD8 mAb and anti-CD56 mAb in conjunction with a three- or four-color immunofluorescence tests for the expression levels of the following molecules: CD11b, CD27, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD62L, CD94, NKG2D, and HLA-DR. RESULTS: CD27 and CD62L were down-regulated on peripheral CD8(bright) T cells in patients with active Behcet's uveitis in contrast to the up-regulation of CD11b and HLA-DR. These phenotypic natures were remarkable in the CD56+ subsets. CD45RA(dim)CD45RO- phenotypes were expanded in peripheral CD8(bright)CD56+ T cells according to the disease activity. Interestingly, in active Behcet's uveitis, CD94 was up-regulated on peripheral CD8(bright)CD56+ T cells in BD in contrast to the down-regulation of NKG2D compared with the normal controls. CONCLUSIONS: CD8(bright)CD56+ T cells are characterized by activated effector phenotypes with functional NK receptors and they may play immunopathogenic roles in Behcet's uveitis.