BCG osteomyelitis occurs in the infants and children as complication of BCG vaccination and its occurrence is very rare. It involves the metaphysis of the long bone and its development is chiefly hematogenous spread and direct inoculation. Radiologic feature shows well demarcated, eccentrically located destruction in the metaphysis of the long bone and soft tissue swelling about the lesion but periosteal reaction was absent initially. We experienced a case of BCG osteomyelitis which occurs in the left proximal humerus in 3 month after BCG vaccination.
Child ; Humans ; Humerus ; Infant ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Osteomyelitis ; Vaccination

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common fracture of the elbow in children For period of 4 years from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1983, 54 children with dispaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus were classified by direction of displacement of distal fragment and treated by immediate closed reduction after lateral skeletal traction. 32 cases of these were followed up for more than 6 months. The results were obtained as follows.: 1) The most common incidence (79.6%) was 5 to 12 years of age and male and female ratio was 2.4 : l. The left humerus was involved in 35 cases (64.8%). 2) Of all fracture, extension type was 96.3% and flexion type 3.7%. 3) Under the exact anteroposteier and lateral views, fractures were classified by displaced direction of distal fragment. Immediate closed reduction was done by using thick and strong periosteal hinge after lateral skeletal traction. The more accurate anatomical reduction was obtained by maintenance of reduction state and further correction during lateral skeletal traction, and complications such as VIC, loss of reduction were lessened probably. 4) For follow up study of 32 cases, final result were analized according to Mitchells classification. Excellent results were obtained 23 cases (71.9%) Good results were 8 cases (25.0%) Unsatisfactory result was 1 case (3.1 %) 5) In 2 cases of treatment failure, the brachialis muscle was buttonholed by metaphyseal spike of the proximal fragment. 6) During lateral skeletal traction, superficial infection was developed through pin tract in 4 cases. These were treated by the administration of antibiotics and there were no complication such as osteomyelitis.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Classification ; Elbow ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Male ; Osteomyelitis ; Traction ; Treatment Failure

Avascular necrosis of the carpal lunate (Kienbock's Disease) was first described by Peste in 1843. It's etiology is still unknown. Since Lippman, in 1949, there have been many operative treatments for this disease but they had many complications and technical difficulties. The treatment of Kienbock's disease by resection of the lunate and replacement with fascia lata through the dorsal approach is very simple in operation method and its results were satisfactory in follow up study for postop 12, 18 months. We report two cases of Kienbock's disease with brief review of literature.
Fascia Lata ; Fascia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Osteonecrosis

A major problem in the repair of the torn Achilles tendon has been providing the restoration of the anatomic continuity such that virtually normal plantar flexion power and ankle mobility result. Continuity should be restored without subsequent pain, disconfiguration, occupational limitations. If possible, postoperative complications, or tendon-rerupture should be avoided. Surgeons have long advocated the use of strips of facia and other tissues, including the plantaris tendon, to reinforce the repair of the torn Achilles tendon, The repair effected by these methods not infrequently is bulky and not too secure. Non-absorbable suture materials utilizing in the end to end anastomosis of the torn Achilles tendon cause sinus formation and discharge of suture materials. A secure method of repair for the tom Achilles tendon, which decreases sinus formation and is not bulky, should be required. The plantaris tendon, which has been used as a reinforcing material, can be utilized in the end-to-end anastomosis of the torn Achilles tendon by detaching from the muculotendinous junction. The 11 patients with the torn Achilles tendon were treated by end-to-end anastomosis using the plantaris tendon as suture material. The postoperative results were staisfactory without significant functional deficit and complication.
Achilles Tendon ; Ankle ; Humans ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Surgeons ; Sutures ; Tendons

As a series of systematic classification of paramphistomes, in the first step, paramphistomes in the rumen and reticulum were collected on 170 Korean cattles (2-3 years age, male) slaughtered at Jeonju abattoir from July 1984 to September 1985 and were classified by means of morphology of the worms. Afterwards, the karyotype of Paramphistomum explanatum (Creplin, 1849) which is the common in Korean cattle was detected by means of modified air-drying method from testis cells of the worm. The following is a brief summary of the leading facts gained through the experiment. Most of the cattle slaughtered at the abattoir were infected with paramphistomes. The 5 species of the worms were detected on 170 Korean cattle and the worm burden per head was from 2 to 784 (on the average 170) worms, 120(70.59 percent) heads out of them involving 2-100 worms. In 28,900 individuals of paramphistomes obtained on 170 Korean cattle, appearance rates of various worms were as follows : 49.74 percent in P. explanatum, 48.08 percent in P. cervi, 0.98 percent in Orthocoelium orthocoelium, 0.89 percent in Fischoederius cobboldi and 0.14 percent in Cotylophoron cotylophorum. The chromosome number of 620 P. explanatum in the haploid and diploid cells was n=9 and 2n=18, and abundant cells in meiotic division were observed; 1,420 haploid and 38 diploid cells were reliable. Nine pairs of mitotic chromosomes were homologous and the chromosomes were composed of five medium-sized metacentrics (m), subtelocentrics (st) or submetacentrics (sm)and four small-sized subtelocentrics (st) or submetacentrics (sm), while meiotic metaphase chromosomes were composed of five medium and four small-sized. The haploid of the testis cells showed C-band in the centromeric region from 8 of them, whereas the remaining chromosome No. 5 included heterochromatin on the tip region, and chromosomes No. 3 and No. 7 showed a remarkable C-band distinguished from other chromosomes.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; karyotype ; chromosome ; Paramphistomum explanatum ; Paramphistomum cervi ; Orthocoelium orthocoelium ; Fischoederius cobboldi ; Cotylophoron cotylophorum

No abstract available.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and discography in the diagnosis of internal disc derangement (IDD) . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was confined to 90 discs of 30 patients diagnosed as IDD by MRI & disco-CT. We compared the pain nature of discogram, degree of annular tear in the disco-CT and degree of disc degeneration in MRI. The presence of HIZ (High Intensity Zone) in MRI was also compared with the pain of discogram. RESULTS: Those discs with more severe annular tears in the disco-CT showed more definite pain pattern in the discogram. More degeneration in the MRI was also correlated with more anatomical deterioration in disco-CT. Of the 27 discs with normal MRI, 6 (22%) showed severe pain provocation in discography. Of the 63 discs with degeneration in MRI, 14 (22%) showed no pain provocation in discography. Of all discs, HIZ was present in 16% (15/90) . When HIZ was present in a disc of a symptomatic patient, the possibility of it being a painful disc was 93%. CONCLUSION: In the diagnosis of IDD, MRI was helpful is seeing the degree of disc degeneration to rule out disc herniation or spinal stenosis. But the discogram is considered the only way for definite diagnosis of painful discs.
Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spinal Stenosis

No abstract available.
Achilles Tendon* ; Xanthomatosis*

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on the proliferation of cultured human Tenon capsule fibroblasts (HTCF). METHODS: Free radical scavenging activity of GBE was assessed with a DPPH assay. Primarily cultured HTCF were exposed to 10 and 100 microgram/ml of GBE, and the effect of this extract on HTCF survival was assessed. Following 48 hr exposure to the media with or without serum, cellular survival and nitrite production were assessed by MTT and Griess assays. To evaluate whether GBE had a cytoproptective effect, HTCF were cultured in a combination of GBE and either sodium cyanide or hydrogen peroxide. RESULTS: GBE showed free radical scavenging activity. GBE increased the cellular survival of HTCF significantly in a dose-dependent manner and provided a cytoprotective effect when cells were exposed to sodium cyanide or were deprived of serum, but not when hydrogen peroxide was added to the medium. GBE decreased nitric oxide production but not to a statistically degree. CONCLUSIONS: GBE promotes proliferation of HTCF and has a cytoprotective effect in serum-deprived or hypoxic conditions. This suggests that GBE may be involved in the regulation of conjunctival wound healing by increasing the survival of HTCF.
Fibroblasts* ; Ginkgo biloba* ; Humans* ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Nitric Oxide ; Sodium Cyanide ; Tenon Capsule* ; Wound Healing

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE, EGb-761) on the survival of cultured human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC). METHODS: Free radical scavenging activity of GBE was assessed with a DPPH assay. Primarily cultured HTMC were exposed to 10 and 100 microgram/ml of GBE. 0.3 mM sodium cyanide and 100 micrometer hydrogen peroxide were added to the culture medium with GBE for 48 hr. Cellular survival and nitrite production were assessed by MTT assay and Griess assay, respectively. RESULTS: GBE showed free radical scavenging activity. GBE increased the cellular survival of HTMC significantly in a dose-dependent manner under hypoxia or serum-deprived condition, but not to hydrogen peroxide. GBE increased nitric oxide production but not to statistically significant levels. CONCLUSIONS: GBE promotes proliferation and has cytoprotective effects in the context of HTMC exposed to serum-deprived or hypoxic conditions. However oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide did not have an effect on proliferation of HTMC. In addition these effects were not related to the production of nitric oxide.
Anoxia ; Ginkgo biloba* ; Humans* ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Nitric Oxide ; Oxidative Stress ; Sodium Cyanide ; Trabecular Meshwork*