No abstract available.
Longitudinal Ligaments* ; Spine*

OBJECTIVE: Sotos Syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly, overgrowth, and developmental delay, and more than 300 patients have been reported worldwide to date. The authors reviewed the clinical characteristics of 8 patients with Sotos Syndrome in Korea for a new understanding and treatment strategies. METHODS: The medical records of a total of eight Korean children with Sotos Syndrome were reviewed. All patients underwent developmental checkup, lumbar punctures for measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP), brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography. RESULTS: All 8 patients showed macrocephaly and the characteristic craniofacial features of Sotos Syndrome. Other clinical characteristics shown were overgrowth (7/8), developmental delay (7/8), congenital heart defect (3/8), flat foot (8/8), scoliosis (4/8), spina bifida (8/8), hydrocephalus (4/8), cavum vergae (3/8), and increased subdural fluid collection (5/8). Mean ICP measured via lumbar puncture was 27.35+/-6.25 cm H2O (range 20 to 36 cm H2O). Two patients received ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, and 1 patient underwent subduro-peritoneal shunt with improvement. Spinal orthosis was applied to 4/5 patients with scoliosis and 4/8 children with flat foot were provided with foot orthosis. CONCLUSION: In this first Korean study of 8 Sotos Syndrome patients we demonstrated the presence of spina bifida and increased ICP, which had not been previously described. The authors therefore suggest that all patients with Sotos Syndrome should undergo examination for the presence of spina bifida, and that shunt procedures would improve development and alleviate clinical symptoms.
Brain ; Child ; Flatfoot ; Foot Orthoses ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Intracranial Pressure ; Korea ; Macrocephaly ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Orthotic Devices ; Scoliosis ; Sotos Syndrome ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spinal Puncture ; Spine ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

No abstract available.
Amputation* ; Replantation*

No abstract available.
Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure*

No abstract available.
Brain Infarction* ; Brain* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available in English.
Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Spine

In paediatric orthopaedic, it has been discovered that the fracture of the epiphyseal plate may cause not only growth disturbances but also progressive deformity upon appendicular skeleton of a growing child. Between 1972 May and 1983 April, 102 inward patients(106 cases) who were 18 years old or younger were treated in the department of orthopaedic surgery of Hanyang University Hospital because of epiphyseal plate fractures. The results were summerized as followings: 1. The peak age was from 5 years to 14 years(average, 10.2 years old). 2. The sex ratio was 4.3 for male to 1 for female. 3. The left side was involved more frequently than the right extremity. 4. The most common cause of fractures was injury on fall down(in 41.4% of all cases). 5. The incidence of epiphyseal fracture was 8.1% of fracture in children. 6. The most common fracture was developed at humeral epiphysis. 7. The most common type of epiphyseal fracture was Salter and Harris type IV. 8. The 50.5% of all cases was treated by closed reduction and cast immobilization, 48.1% by open reduction and internal fixation, and 1.9% by closed reduction and traction. 9. The average period of immobilization was 5.2 weeks. 10. The incidence of complication of all cases was 13.2%, but only 2 cases of them(1.9%) were needed for operation because of their complication.
Child ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiphyses ; Extremities ; Female ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Skeleton ; Traction

The ankle is a complex, weight bearing joint consisting of tibia, fibula, talus, and many soft tissue structures, which play an important role biomechanically. The injuries to the ankle joint include not only fractures of bone but significant injuries of ligaments and other soft tissues. It is very important to understand the mechanisms of trauma in order to make definite diagnosis and proper treatment. The author' analysed 127 eases(126 patients) of the ankle fractures which were admitted and treated in Orthopaedic Department,Hanyang University Hospital from January 1978 to December 1985. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. Of the 127 cases, male was 90 cases(70.87%), female was 37 cases(29.13%), and average age of the patients was 37.6 years. 2. Open fractures were 12 cases(9.4%) and closed fractures were 115 cases(90.6%). 3. According to the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type of the ankle fracture was supination-external rotation type (35.43%). 4. Of the 127 cases, 63 cases were treated by closed reduction and 64 cases by open reduction. 5. The average period of the cast immobilization after open reduction was 7.8 weeks, where as that of closed reduction was 10.5 weeks. 6. According to clinical and radiological assessment of the result of the treatment, open reduction was better than closed reduction. 7. The best result of the treatment was noticed in supination-adduction type, according to the classification of Lauge-Hansen. 8. Accurate reduction and rigid internal fixation of the fractured lateral malleolus and distal fibuIa was important in treatment of the ankle fracture.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibula ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Male ; Talus ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

Paget's disease is one of the chronic disorders of skeletal system which is frequently accompained with pathologic fractures. This disease is extremely rare in Korea and only three cases have been reported in the Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Associstion. And all these cases were not associated with pathologic fracture. We experienced a case of Paget's disease with pathologic fracture of the femur which is typical in radiologic, laboratory and histopathologic findings.
Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Korea ; Osteitis Deformans

Since the rectangular rod had been used by Eduardo R. Luque in 1979, many authors reported good results by this technique in low back arthrodesis. The advantages of this device are that the technique is relatively easy, the cost is cheaper than the other devices, and no special instruments are needed for application of this device. On the other hand, it has the disadvantage of possible neurologic damage while passing sublaminar wires. The rectangular rod functions fundamentally as a tension band that although it is strong in flexion, it is relatively weak in lateral bending or axial loading on the spine. From June, 1984 to June, 1988, the authors experienced 41 cases of rectangular rod instrumentation with sublaminar wiring in various low back conditions. And 30 cases of spondylolisthesis which could be followed for more than one year were analyzed. And the results obtained were as follows. l. Of 30 patients of spondylolisthesis, 7 cases(23.3%) were male and 23 cases(76.7%) were female. 2. 21 cases(70.0%) were isthmic type and 9 cases(30.0%) degenerative type. 3. 23 cases(76.7%) were in Grade I, 6 cases(20.0%) in Grade II and 1 cases(3.3%) in Grade III, according to Meyerding's classification. 4. At follow up examination, 18 cases(60.0%) were in excellent group, 8 cases(26.6%) in good, 2 cases(6.7%) in fair, according to Gill's criteria. Two cases(6.7%) of pseudoarthrosis were noted and these cases were classified in unsatisfactory group. 5. Rectangular rod with sublaminar wiring was not a good device for reduction of spondylolisthesis
Arthrodesis ; Classification ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Pseudarthrosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis