No abstract available.
Longitudinal Ligaments* ; Spine*

BACKGROUND: Most of the studies conducted have investigated the beneficial effects of ischemic preconditioning on normothermic myocardial ischemia. However, the effect of preconditioning could be attenuated through the use of multidose cold cardioplegia as practiced in contemporary clinical heart surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preconditioning improves postischemic cardiac function in a model of 25 degrees C moderate hypothermic ischemic heart induced by cold cardioplegia in isolated rat hearts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The isolated Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were randomly assigned to four groups. All hearts were perfused at 37 degrees C for 20 minutes with Krebs-Henseleit solution before the baseline hemodynamic data were obtained. Group 1 consisted of preconditioned hearts that received 3 minutes of global ischemic preconditioning at 37 degrees C, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion before 120 minutes of cardioplegic arrest (n=6). Cold (4 degrees C) St. Thomas Hospital cardioplegia solution was infused to induce cardioplegic arrest. Maintaining the heart at 25 degrees C, infusion of the cardioplegia solution was repeated every 20 minutes throughout the 120 minutes of ischemic period. Group 2 consisted of control hearts that underwent no manipulations between the periods of equilibrium and 120 minutes of cardioplegic arrest (n=6). After 2 hours of cardioplegic arrest, Krebs solution was infused and hemodynamic data were obtained for 30 minutes (group 1, 2: cold cardioplegia group). Group 3 received two episodes of ischemic preconditioning before 30 min of 37 degrees C normothermic ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion (n=6). Group 4 served as ischemic controls for group 3 (group 3, 4: warm ischemia group). RESULT: Preconditioning did not influence parameters such as left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), rate-pressure product (RPP) and left ventricular dp/dt (LV dp/dt) in the cold cardioplegia group. (p=NS) However, preconditioning before warm ischemia attenuated the ischemia induced cardiac dysfunction, improving the LVSP, LVEDP, RPP, and LVdp/dt. Less leakage of CPK and LDH were observed in the ischemic preconditioning group compared to the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning improved postischemic cardiac function after warm ischemia, but did not protect cold cardioplegic hearts.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Heart Arrest, Induced* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; Warm Ischemia

No abstract available.
Fractures, Spontaneous* ; Osteoporosis*

Mach bands, a visual phenomenon resulting from lateral inhibitory impulsess in the retina, are recognized aslucent or dense lines at the borders of different radiographic densities. A number of clinical situations have been described in which Mach bands may cause difficulty in radiographic diagnosis. Photodensitometric measurement of the film can differentiate the true change in film density from the Mach band which is an optical illusion. Authors present several examples of photodensitometric tracings of Mach bands, with the brief review of themechanism of their production.
Diagnosis ; Optical Illusions ; Retina

The appendiceal mucocele is very rare disease of 0.2% incidence. About 24% of patients are asymptomatic and symptomatic patients present with pain in the right lower quadrant of abdomen in 64%, plapable maas in the right lower quadrant of abdomen in 50%, and rarely, melena, hematochezia, anemia, diarrhea, malaise, and abdominal distension. The gastrointestinal bleeding may be presented in the patient with intussusception, but the massive bleeding is generally absent. We report a case of appendiceal mucocele accompanying with gastrointestinal bleeding and review of literature.
Abdomen ; Anemia ; Diarrhea ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intussusception ; Melena ; Mucocele* ; Rare Diseases

Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma primarily confined to gastrointestinal tract is relatively rare diaease. Although the lymphoma primarily involved colorectum or small bowel was commonly reported than primary gastric lymphoma in Korea, the concurrent primary lymphoma of colon and small bowel is very rare in reported cases. We report a case of combined primary malignant lymphoma of the jejunum and cecum, who was admitted due to melena and anemia. She had right hemicolectomy and end-to-side ileotransverse colostomy at 2 months ago, due to primary colon lymphoma. The laparotomy was performed and identified hard, 2 x 3 cm sized masses on distal 25 cm, 80 cm and 150 cm from the Treitz ligament. The histology of these small ma showed histiocytic lymphoma as same as cecal specimen. In general, the small bowel lymphoma shaws poor prognosis than gastric or colorectal lymphoma due to diffieulty in diagnosis and late symptoms, but this problem could be resolved through the knowledge about primary gastrointestinal lymphoma and the development of diagnostic methods.
Anemia ; Cecum ; Colon* ; Colostomy ; Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Jejunum ; Korea ; Laparotomy ; Ligaments ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; Melena ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: To assess the utility of shoulder MRI by using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve in theevaluation of rotator cuff tear, anterior labral tear, superior labral tear and Hill-Sachs Lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 38 arthroscopically confirmed patients who had undergone shoulder MRI. According to thesignal intensity of the rotator cuff, as seen on T2 and proton density imaging, a five-stage grading system wasdevised. Labral tears were graded according to the separation of the labium; this was based on gleaned,morphologic and signal intensity changes of the labrum : six grades of anterior labral tear and three grades ofsuperior labral tear. Hill-sachs lesion was also classified into four grades according to morphologic and signalchanges of the humeral head. These findings were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists and ROC curves andareas under the curve (Az) was abtained. RESULTS: The ratio of area under the curve of rotator cuff tear,anterior labral tear, superior labral tear and Hill-Sachs lesion were 82.4%, 88.%%, 62.4% and 91.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Accuracy of shoulder MRI using ROC curve was relatively high in rotator cuff tear, anteriorlabral tear and Hill-Sachs lesion, but low in superior labral tear.
Humans ; Humeral Head ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Protons ; ROC Curve* ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder*

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperhidrosis is the disease of production of exessive sweat which is mainly localized in palm, sole, and axilla, treatment of the disease is usually accomplished with topical 20% aluminum chloride solution, an iontophoretic device, and surgery(sympathectomy) being reserved for recalcitrant cases. OBJECTIVE: We have compared the therapeutic effects with each treatments for hyperhidrosis using a skin surface hydrometer. METHODS: Thirty six patients(11 ; male, 25 ; femlale) with primary hyperhidrosis were evaluated in this study. Nineteen patients used topical 20% aluminum chloride solution, 10 patients used iontophoretic device, and 7 patients in recalcitrant cases. had sympathectomy. We have measured the conductance on the stratum corneum of the palm and sole suing skin surface hydrometer before and after treatment every weeks for a month. the control group were composed of healthy 10 males and 2 females. RESULTS: 1) In the patients of primary hyperhidroisis the conductances of palm, sloe and axilla were higher than that of control group(P<0.01). 2. There was a marked reduction of conductance after the treatment for one week by topical 20% aluminum chloride solution, an lontophoretic device, and sympathectomy(P<0.01). 3. After 2-4 week of treatment by the change obsetved after treatment for one week. 4. By iontophoretic device, there was a slight increasement of conductance of the palm after 2-3weeks of treatment. 5. We obseved a sustained decrease in the conductance by sympathectomy into 4 week. CONCLUSION: Topical 20% aluminum chloride solution, iontophoretic device, and sympathectomy were effective for treatment of hyperhirosis. Among hem sympathectomy showed the best effect. We observed that the skin surface hydrometer is useful to evaluate of the efficacy of the treatment.
Aluminum ; Axilla ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis* ; Male ; Skin* ; Sweat ; Sympathectomy

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of mitomycin C on the proliferation of cultured trabecular cells and its relation to nitric oxide (NO) production. METHODS: The effect of NO donor, SIN-1, on the proliferation of primarily cultured porcine trabecular meshwork cells was studied with MTT assay. After treatment with mitomycin C at various concentrations for 1 hour, the proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and the production of nitrite was assessed by Griess reaction after 24 hours and 3 days respectively. RESULTS: SIN-1 significantly inhibited proliferation of cultured trabecular meshwork cells (p<0.05). Mitomycin C also suppressed the cellular proliferation(p<0.05) but did not affect the production of nitrite (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both NO donor and mitomycin C have an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of trabecular meshwork cells. However, inhibitory effect of mitomycin C was not related to the production of NO.
Humans ; Mitomycin* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Tissue Donors ; Trabecular Meshwork*

Acute myocardial infarction after a bee sting is a very rare process. Among proposed mechanisms, vasospasm of the coronary artery is the most probable mechanism. Many mediators are included in the venom of wasps, and those mediators have vasoconstrictive properties and may constrict the coronary artery. Furthemore, those mediators have thrombogenic properties that lead to thrombogenesis in the coronary artery and aggravate myocardial ischemia. Epinephrine, commonly used in the management of anaphylactic shock, may further aggravate myocardial ischemia. We experienced two cases of acute myocardial infarction after a bee sting. In the first case, we could find no underlying abnormalities of the coronary vessel because the patient died during coronary angiography. In the second case, the electrocardiogram showed inferior wall myocardial infarction, but only mild stenosis of the right coronary artery was seen in coronary angiography.
Anaphylaxis ; Bees* ; Bites and Stings* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Electrocardiography ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Venoms ; Wasps