No abstract available.
Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis*

Earlier work suggested that Ginseng saponin had an effect on osteoblast and other cells, but there has been no report on saponin effects on chondrocyte. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of saponin on cultured human chondrocyte. The chondrocyte was isolated from human articular cartilage of knee joint during notchplasty of ACL reconstructive procedure using collagenase, and cultured in standard medium and serum free deficient medium, with addition of saponin(0(control), 10, 20, 50 microgram/ml concentration). DNA, RNA synthesis of chondrocyte was estimated on 36 hours and 5 days of culture by measuring of thymidine and uridine uptake. Human collagen type I and II synthesis was estimated by reverse transcriptation-polymerase chain reaction on 36 hours of culture. Low dose saponin was found to enhance DNA, RNA, and collagen synthesis of chondrocytes which were cultured with a deficient medium in comparison to the controls. It promoted cell proliferation of the osteoblasts cultured with a deficient medium in comparison to the controls. But, high dose saponin was found to diminish the synthesis of DNA, RNA and collagen. In summary, the results showed that the saponin increased proliferation and differentiation of the chondrocyte cultured in deficient medium. Therefore saponin seemed to act as a physiologic stimulant on human chondrocyte. But further study should be done.
Cartilage, Articular ; Cell Proliferation ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Collagenases ; DNA ; Humans* ; Knee Joint ; Osteoblasts ; Panax* ; RNA ; Saponins* ; Thymidine ; Uridine

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare specific anomaly of twin gestation with fused placenta and umbilical anastomosis. This syndrome occurs once in about 34,600 births and reported first by Beneditti in 1533. We report on prenatal diagnosis of a case of TRAP sequence with color Doppler sonography, this case is presented with a brief review of the literature.
Humans ; Parturition ; Perfusion ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

Acute appendicitis is the most common operative disease in general surgery, but it is not also rate disease to see in other clinical department such as Internal Medicine and Obstetric and Gynecology, because it reqnires to differenciate from many other diseases which have similar symptoms. Expecially, because the clipical aymptoms of acute appendicitis are not typieal in children, elderly, and women, it is hard to be diagnosed as acute appendicitis and it is often misdiagnosed as other disease. We performed colonoscopy due to be interpretated aa one of the colon diseases rather than acute appendicitis. But in colonoscopic findings, there were hyperemie and edematous change on the appendiceal orifice of cecum(cherry or acorn shape). So we report 5 cases of acute appendicitis diagnosed br colonoscopy.
Aged ; Appendicitis* ; Child ; Colon ; Colonoscopy* ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Internal Medicine

Cephalometric measureements have disadvantage of representing cranio-facial structures in two dimension only and therefore they pose limitations in describing three-dimentional structures of cranio-facial region. More interests have been put on the correlation between the two planes. This study evaluated correlations between facial type score, which allows effects on malocclusion, growth change prediction and establishment of treatment method and prognosis, and measurements from submentovertex view. Cephalometric view and submentovertex view were taken of skeletal Class I adults with optimal profile and correlations between them have been observed. Following results were obtained: 1. To learn about factors that influence average condylar angulation, FACE, INT-CO-ANG, MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO were used as variables and underwent multiple regression analysis. As a result, the following equation was obtained : CON-AVE=.l73(FACE)-.322(INT-CO-ANG)+36.34(GON-RATIO) +.420(MN-CORPUS) (R2=.85451) 2. The following equation was obtained concerning facial type score. FACE= .050(CON-ANG)+.023(INT-CO-ANG)-.075(MN-CORPUS)(R2=.31547) 3. Among the submentovertex measurements, MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO showed close correlations. (P<0.05) 4. Average condylar angualtions were 23.37degrees on the right and 20.71degrees on left. There was a difference between the two. FACE: facial type soore. CON-ANG: mean value of condylar angulation. CON-AVE: mean value of Rt. Lt condylar angulation. INT-CO-ANG: angle between Rt. Lt condylar axis. MN-CORPUS : angle formed between RT. Lt gonion & pogonion. CON-RATIO: lntercondylar distance/mandibular body length. GON-RATIO: intergonion distanoe/mandibular body length. MN-RATIO: lntermylohyoid distance/mandibular body length. MX-RATIO: intermaxillary tuberosity distance/ANS-PNS distance.
Adult ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Prognosis

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morphologic findings of the labrum and capsuloligamentous structures in the normal and unstable shoulders and to compare the effectiveness of double contrast arthrographic findings which were taken with supine and prone position. We reviewed the computerized tomographic arthrogram in 9 cases of normal shoulder and l3 cases of shoulder instability. We evaluated the shape of the labrum, the attachment of anterior capsule and the amount of capsular laxity. Capsular laxity was compared each others in normal, the unidirectional instability and the multidirectional instability. Among these materials, we simultaneously performed CT arthrogram with supine and prone position and evaluated which is more reliable and accurate. Scapular inclination was ahout 25 degrees in the supine position and ahout 60 degrees in the prone position. Normal glenoid labrum varied in size and shape, so its lack of a classic appearance might not indicate a labral tear. Variations existed in the anterior capsular attachment onto the glenoid. The anterior capsule was used to attach far away from the glenoid rim. but it might not indicate an anterior instability. With the prone position, the labral lesion took more excellent visualization due to the contrast coating on the glenoid labrum in both anterior and posterior. Anterior capsular expansion was seen well with prone position in anterior instability. In summary, for proper interpretation of the instability, awareness of the morphologic variations of the labrum and capsuloligamentous structure is important. CT double contrast arthrography with prone position has made a significant contribution to improving and easing the documentation of variety of anatomic abnormalities. Now we recommend the prone position in CT arthrogram for imaging glenoid labrum pathology in shoulder instability.
Arthrography ; Pathology ; Prone Position ; Shoulder* ; Supine Position

BACKGROUND: For Neer type IIB fracture of distal clavicle with coracoclavicular ligament injury, various surgical treatments have been used in literatures. However, there was no consensus on the optimal treatment. The aim of this study is to report the clinical and radiological results of open reduction and internal fixation of unstable distal clavicle fracture and suture augmentation of disrupted coracoclavicular ligament. METHODS: A prospective study was performed in 23 patients with Neer type IIB distal clavicle fracture in Seoul Medical Center, Eulji Hospital, and National Medical Center. Firstly, suture anchors are inserted in the base of coracoid process and preliminary reduction was achieved by tie-off of three suture limbs around the clavicle. Then, the final fixation was completed with anatomical locking plate. Bony union and the distance between coracoclavicular ligaments were evaluated. Clinical results and complications including stiffness and secondary procedures were evaluated. RESULTS: Bony union was achieved in all cases except one (22 of 23). At mean 14.9 months, no significant difference in the mean coracoclavicular distance was observed compared to uninjured shoulder (8.2 +/- 7.9 mm versus 7.3 +/- 3.4 mm, p=0.14). Pain visual analogue scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Constant score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score were 0.5, 83.4, 78.5, and 6.2, respectively. Revision surgery was performed in one case of nonunion. Four patients who complained of skin irritation underwent implant removal. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of an unstable distal clavicle fracture with coracoclavicular ligament disruption, satisfactory clinical results were obtained by locking plate fixation and coracoclavicular ligament suture augmentation concurrently.
Arm ; Clavicle* ; Consensus ; Elbow ; Extremities ; Hand ; Humans ; Ligaments* ; Prospective Studies ; Seoul ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Fractures ; Skin ; Suture Anchors ; Sutures*

Clinical electrophysilogical study(EPS) was done in 5 patients with chronic bifascicular block of completa RBBB and left anterior fascicular block. The results were as follows. 1) In 2 patients who needed permenent pacemaker therapy, EPS disclosed prolonged HV interval(>70msec) and block distal to his bundle by atrial with cycle length of longer than 545msec. 2) In 3 patients who didn't need permenent pacemaker therapy, AV conduction and to choose the therapeutic measures in the patients with chronic bifascicular block and unexplained dizziness and/or syncope.
Bundle of His ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Syncope

PURPOSE: Many studies about efficacy of alpha blocker to Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome(CP/CPPS) have shown variable results. The aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy of alpha blocker in young and middle aged patients with CP/CPPS to exclude the effect of benign prostatic hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty seven men with CP/CPPS were randomized in a single-blind fashion, to receive either; tosufloxacin(450mg/d)(group 1; 15 patients), or; tosufloxacin(450mg/d) and alfuzosin(10mg/d)(group 2; 42 patients) for 2 months. The NIH chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI), International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5) were used to grade the symptoms and the quality of life(QoL) impact at the start and 1 and 2 months into the study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between group 1 and group 2 in relation to age, duration and sub-factor scores of IPSS, NIH-CPSI and IIEF-5 at the baseline. No statistically significant difference in the NIH- CPSI total score was seen, but the urinary and QoL factors in group 2 showed greater improvement. A statistically significant difference was seen in the IPSS total score, especially, obstructive factor in group 2 showed greater improvement. The IIEF-5 total score was seen more increase, but it wasn't significant. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of alfuzosin demonstrated improvements in the NIH-CPSI(this was not significant.) and IPSS total score. Especially voiding factors were significantly improved in relation to the NIH-CPSI and IPSS scores in the alfuzosin treatment group.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged* ; Pelvic Pain* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatitis

Most proximal humeral fractures respond satisfactorily to simple conservative treatment, but operative treatment is recommended in cases where poor results are anticipated by prolonged immobilization, or because of severe displacement and comminution. We used a minimal internal fixation and tension band technique in severely displaced and comminuted cases to achieve firm fixation and avoid subacromial impingement. Passive range of motion of the involved shoulder began within the first postoperative day and active range of motion exercise was encouraged as soon as possible within the first postoperative week. Between February 1996 and November 1997, we operated using this technique on 15 patients ranging in age from 16 to 71 years (average 52). Follow-up averaged 13 months. During the follow-up period, all patients except one patient, had a active full range of motion on the affected limb. According to the evaluation on the 10 patients who had follow- up periods over 12 months by Hawkins rating scale of shoulder function, 6 patients had achieved a good result and 4 patients had achieved a fair result at the last follow up. In conclusion, tension band technique with minimal internal fixation could afford sufficient fracture stability to allow early, aggressive rehabilitation. As a method of internal fixation on a proximal humerus fracture, this technique may have particular advantages in elderly osteoporotic patients.
Aged ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Fractures*