Author analyzed 154 cases of transabdominal ultrasonography of normal adults who had normal urinalysis, no complaint of symptoms related with urinary system and no evidence of prostate disease. The maximum anteroposterior, transverse and longitudinal diameters of prostate were measured. The weight of prostate was computed using the formular for the weight of ellipsoid object (W=SGx4/3 pie r1.r2.r3, w; weight, SG; specificgravity about 1.05 gm/ml, r; radious of prostate in any dimension). The results were as follows; 1. The averagesized of prostate were 4.12±0.68 cm in transverse diameter, 3.46±0.49 cm in longitudinal diameter and 2.36±0.40cm in AP diameter. Transeverse diameter was the longest and AP diameter was the shorteset in all cases. 2. Theaverage weight of prostate in each age groups were 19.25±6.78 gm in the 3rd decade, 16.64±5.18 gm in the 4th decade, 16.28±5.31 gm in the 5th decade, 22.31±6.95gm in the 6th decade and 13.06±8.18 gm in over the 7th decade. The average weight of prostate in groups more than 50 years of age were significantly greater than youngerage groups (p<0.005). Total average weight was 18.96±6.78 gm. 3. The distribution of prostate weighting over 30gm in each groups were 14.29%(5/35) in the 3rd decade, 0%(0/34) in the 4th decade, 2.63%(1/38) in the 5th decade,20%(6/30) in the 6th decade and 23.5%(4/17) in the 7th decade.
Adult ; Humans ; Prostate ; Ultrasonography ; Urinalysis

BACKGROUND: For Neer type IIB fracture of distal clavicle with coracoclavicular ligament injury, various surgical treatments have been used in literatures. However, there was no consensus on the optimal treatment. The aim of this study is to report the clinical and radiological results of open reduction and internal fixation of unstable distal clavicle fracture and suture augmentation of disrupted coracoclavicular ligament. METHODS: A prospective study was performed in 23 patients with Neer type IIB distal clavicle fracture in Seoul Medical Center, Eulji Hospital, and National Medical Center. Firstly, suture anchors are inserted in the base of coracoid process and preliminary reduction was achieved by tie-off of three suture limbs around the clavicle. Then, the final fixation was completed with anatomical locking plate. Bony union and the distance between coracoclavicular ligaments were evaluated. Clinical results and complications including stiffness and secondary procedures were evaluated. RESULTS: Bony union was achieved in all cases except one (22 of 23). At mean 14.9 months, no significant difference in the mean coracoclavicular distance was observed compared to uninjured shoulder (8.2 +/- 7.9 mm versus 7.3 +/- 3.4 mm, p=0.14). Pain visual analogue scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Constant score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score were 0.5, 83.4, 78.5, and 6.2, respectively. Revision surgery was performed in one case of nonunion. Four patients who complained of skin irritation underwent implant removal. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of an unstable distal clavicle fracture with coracoclavicular ligament disruption, satisfactory clinical results were obtained by locking plate fixation and coracoclavicular ligament suture augmentation concurrently.
Arm ; Clavicle* ; Consensus ; Elbow ; Extremities ; Hand ; Humans ; Ligaments* ; Prospective Studies ; Seoul ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Fractures ; Skin ; Suture Anchors ; Sutures*

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Humans ; Pyelonephritis*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study was intended to test how the inflammation at the Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) inoculation site (BCGitis) can be a useful a diagnostic feature of Kawasaki disease (KD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All subjects were infants at the time of admission, and had received BCG vaccination during their neonatal period. There were 54 patients with complete KD (group 1) and 29 patients with incomplete KD (group 2). All 83 patients had BCGitis during the acute phase of illness. Data regarding the coronary artery diameters in 31 age-matched controls were used for comparison. RESULTS: The 2 patient groups did not differ in clinical and laboratory variables. During the acute phase, the median z scores of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) diameter were 0.20, 0.42, and -0.48 in groups 1, 2, and control respectively, and that of right coronary artery (RCA) diameters were -0.15, -0.16, and -1.17 respectively. The z scores in both patient groups were greater than those in controls (p=0.0014 in LAD and p<0.0001 in RCA between group 1 and controls; p=0.0023 in LAD and p<0.0001 in RCA between group 2 and controls). A similar pattern was observed during the subacute and convalescent phases. CONCLUSION: BCGitis is a useful feature in the diagnosis of incomplete KD in infants who received BCG vaccine during neonatal period.
BCG Vaccine ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Vaccination

The authors have studied the findings of radionuclear scanning, inferior vena cavography and ultrasonographyin 2 cases of Budd-chiari Sundrome experienced diffuse inhomogeneous uptake throughout enlarged liver without colddefects. Slightly increased activity in the central portion of liver in case I and markedly increased activity inthe caudate lobe in case II were observed. In inferior vena cavography, the dilated hepatic veins formingintrahepatic collaterals were seen in enlarged caudate lobe. Marked stenosis of I.V.C. at the level of confluenceto right atrium, intraluminal thrombosis of I.V.C., partial obstruction of hepatic veins by thrombi at theconfluent portion and systemic collaterals were noted in case I. In case II, abrupt conical obstruction of I.V.C.at the orgin of hepatic segment, which is consistent with membrane or web. was seen. Prominent systemiccollaterals were developed through the serpinginous margedly dilated azygos and hemiazygos veins, and splenorenalshunt. In ultrasonography, diffuse narrowing and obstruction of hepatic veins at eh confluent level by echogenicnodules were seen in 2 cases. Prominent intrahepatic venous collaterals were observed in case II.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Heart Atria ; Hepatic Veins ; Hepatomegaly ; Liver ; Membranes ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography ; Veins

Earlier work suggested that Ginseng saponin had an effect on healing of fracture and osteoporosis, hut there has heen no report on saponin effects on cultured osteoblast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of saponin on cultured osteovlast of the mouse. Osteohlastic cells were isolated from periosteum-stripped parietal bones of neonatal rat calvaria, seeded at 4 x 10 4 cells/cm2 density, and cultured in standard medium and deficient medium, with addition of saponin (0(control), 10, 20, 50 microgram/ml concentration). Plating efficiency(adhesiveness), proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase activity of the osteohlasts were evaluated on 2 hours, days 2 and 7 of culture. Saponin was found to enhance the adhesiveness of seeded osteoblasts which were cultured with a deficient medium in comparison to the controls. It promoted cell proliferation of the osteoblasts cultured with a deficient medium in comparison to the controls. There was also a significantly enhanced increase of alkaline phosphatase levels in the presence of saponin during culture with deficient medium in comparison to the controls. In summary, the results showed that the saponin increased adhesiveness, proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase activity of the osteoblast cultured only in deficient medium.
Adhesiveness ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Mice ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteoporosis ; Panax* ; Parietal Bone ; Rats ; Saponins* ; Skull

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of T2-weighted imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography using the single shot fast spin-echo technique for evaluating pancreaticobiliary disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: B e t ween March and July 1997, axial and coronal T2-weighted images ( T E : 8 0 -2 00 msec) and MR cholangiopancreatograms(TE:800 -1 2 00 msec) were obtained in two ways [single slab (thickness:30 -50 mm) and multislice acquisition under chemical fat saturation] using SSFSE pulse sequencing in 131 cases of suspected pancreati-cobiliary disease. The accuracy of SSFSE MR imaging was assessed in 89 lesions of 74 patients [male,48; female,26; age range, 3 0 -86 (mean,59)years] confirmed surgicopathologically(50 lesions in 39 patients) and clinically (39 lesions in 35 patients). Two radiologists reviewed the MR images and diagnosis was determined by consensus. RESULTS: Correct diagnosis was confirmed in 84 of 89 lesions (94 %). Seven lesions were falsely interpreted, false positive and false negative results accounting for two and five cases, respective l y. Two pancreatic cancers were misdiagnosed as pancreatitis and a cancer of the proximal common bile duct(CBD) was interpreted as a distal CBD cancer. The sensitivity of SSFSE MR imaging for malignancy was 93 %. One CBD stone revealed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was not detected on MR images. In contrast, a stone in the CBD seen on MR images was not apparent on subsequent ERC P. Sensitivity and specificity for calculous disease were 96 % and 99.7 %, respective l y. A benign stricture of the ampulla of Vater was falsely interpreted as normal, and correct diagnosis was possible in two falsely diagnosed cases when MR images were rev i ewed retrospectively. CONCLUSION: The combination of T2-weighted and cholangiographic images using SSFSE is an accurate method for diagnosing pancreaticobiliary diseases.
Ampulla of Vater ; Bile ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance* ; Consensus ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Pancreatitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Oxaliplatin with 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin (FOLFOX) has become the standard treatment in patients with colorectal cancer. Among known toxicities induced by oxaliplatin, hematological, gastrointestinal and neurological toxicities are common. However, acute pulmonary toxicity associated with oxaliplatin is unusual. One case of interstitial lung disease associated with the FOLFOX protocol is reported here.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Fluorouracil/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/chemically induced/*etiology/radiography ; Male ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*adverse effects/therapeutic use

Oxaliplatin with 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin (FOLFOX) has become the standard treatment in patients with colorectal cancer. Among known toxicities induced by oxaliplatin, hematological, gastrointestinal and neurological toxicities are common. However, acute pulmonary toxicity associated with oxaliplatin is unusual. One case of interstitial lung disease associated with the FOLFOX protocol is reported here.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Fluorouracil/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/chemically induced/*etiology/radiography ; Male ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*adverse effects/therapeutic use

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*