No abstract available in English.
Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Spine

Posterior epidural migration of a sequestrated intervertebral lumbar disc is rare with only five cases ever reported in the literature so far. The objective of this paper is to report our experience of such a extremely rare case with a review the literature

These study was designed to observe the appearance and the characteristics of apoptotic cells during the development of knee joint in rat. The fetus were collected on the 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th day of pregnancy. In this study, TUNEL staining, electron microscopic investigation and immunocytochemical gold labeling techniques were used. In the immuno-cytochemical gold labeling techniques, primary antibodies were used, which were to be polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse/ rat Bax, polyclonal rabbit anti-tissue transglutaminase C, and polyclonal goat anti-cpp32p20. The samples were observed under JEOL 1200 EX-II transmission electron microscope. The results were as follows. 1. In a 16-day-old fetus, between femur and tibia cartilages, mesenchymal cells were observed. Mesenchymal cells had marginated heterochromatin and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. 2. In a 17-day-old fetus, the knee joint clefts were first formed. In the primordial cruciate ligaments between the cartilages, capillaries were scattered. The apoptotic cells, which had fragmented and condensed nucleus, showed in the synovium. And necrotic cells, which had nuclear chromatin margination, perinuclear cisternae, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, also were observed in the joint cleft surface. 3. From the 18-day-old fetus, phagocytic synovial cells and secretory synovial cells could be confirmed. The apoptotic cells were not seen. 4. In a 17-day-old fetus, a few cells were positive for TUNEL reaction in the joint cleft region. 5. In a 17-day-old fetus, Bax were marked on the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum of apoptotic cells. Also, it was marked at the phagocytosed apoptotic bodies in the neighboring cells. 6. In a 17-day-old fetus, the tissue Transglutaminase C were marked in the perinuclear region, vacuoles, cell membrane and extracellular matrix of the apoptotic cells. Also, it was marked at the phagocytosed apoptotic bodies in the neighboring cells. 7. In a 17-days-old fetus, CPP32 labeling were marked in the cytoplasm of the apoptotic cells. Practically, it was distributed between the phagocytosed apoptotic bodies and the neighboring cells. On the basis of above findings, it is obvious that the joint cleft are first formed in a 17-day-old fetus, a few cells are to be TUNEL positive signals, and the apoptotic cells contain Bax, tissue Transglutaminase C, and CPP32. Therefore the apoptotic cells and the necrotic cells are appeared in the 17-day-old fetus, and these cells are concerned with joint cleft formation.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Apoptosis ; Capillaries ; Cartilage ; Cell Membrane ; Chromatin ; Cytoplasm ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Extracellular Matrix ; Femur ; Fetus ; Goats ; Heterochromatin ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Ligaments ; Mitochondria ; Pregnancy ; Rats* ; Synovial Membrane ; Tibia ; Vacuoles

BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between socioeconomic status and adherence to health check-ups in a Korean population aged 40 years or older. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 12,311 participants who participated in the 2010–2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess each participant's socioeconomic status (household income, occupation, and education) and adherence to health check-ups. RESULTS: Men with a higher income (highest vs. lowest: odds ratio [OR], 1.799; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.296–2.497) and men with a higher education level (≥12 vs. < 6 years: OR, 1.488; 95% CI, 1.078–2.054) and office workers compared with manual workers (men: OR, 1.431; 95% CI, 1.077–1.902; women: OR, 1.783; 95% CI, 1.256–2.532) appeared to undergo more health check-ups. In particular, men and women with a higher income and education appeared more likely to undergo opportunistic health check-ups (men: highest vs. lowest income: OR, 2.380; 95% CI, 1.218–4.653; ≥12 vs. < 6 years education: OR, 2.121; 95% CI, 1.142–3.936; women: highest vs. lowest income: OR, 4.042; 95% CI, 2.239–7.297; ≥12 vs. < 6 years education: OR, 2.475; 95% CI, 1.283–4.775). CONCLUSION: A higher socioeconomic status was associated with a higher rate of participation in health check-ups. More efforts are needed to identify the factors associated with disparity in adherence to health check-ups.
Adult* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Occupations ; Odds Ratio ; Public Health ; Social Class*

Agar ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Load ; Chlorhexidine ; Mouth ; Povidone-Iodine ; Saliva ; Sheep ; Stem Cells

Ligamentum flavum cysts (LFCs) are rare but clinically significant lesions in the lumbar spine. These cysts, often found incidentally, can mimic the symptoms of intervertebral disc herniation and cause radiculopathy. This article details a case involving an 80-year-old woman with severe lower back and radicular pain due to an LFC at the right L5/S1 facet joint that was unresponsive to conservative treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging and neurography confirmed that the cyst compressed the right S1 nerve root. Surgical excision via partial hemilaminectomy resulted in complete symptom relief and nerve decompression. Histopathological analysis identified the cyst as degenerative without a synovial lining. This case underscores the importance of considering LFCs in the differential diagnosis of neurogenic leg pain and highlights the efficacy of surgical excision for symptom resolution and preventing recurrence.

The supranuclear control of eye movement invo l ves the pathway extending from the cerebral cortex to theocular motor nuclei located in the brain stem. This paper de-scribes the normal supranuclear pathway, whichcontrols eye movement. We also include magnetic resonance imaging findings of the typical ocular manifestationscaused by disorders involving the supranuclear pathway, providing the anatomic ex-planations for certain clinicalsigns.
Brain Stem ; Cerebral Cortex ; Eye Movements ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ocular Motility Disorders*

Traumatic bone cyst (TBC) occurs preferentially on the mandibular symphysis and body, but rarely on the mandibular condyle. When TBC occurs in the condylar area, it can usually be related with or misdiagnosed as a temporomandibular joint disorder. A 15-year-old female patient visited the Temporomandibular Joint Clinic with a 5-year history of pain and noise localized in the left temporomandibular joint. On imaging, a well demarked oval-shaped radiolucent lesion was observed on the left condyle head. The patient underwent cyst enucleation and repositioning of the bony window on the lateral cortex of the affected condyle head under the impression of subchondral cyst or TBC; however, no cystic membrane was found. The bone defect resolved and showed no recurrence on the serial radiographic postoperative follow-up for 43 months after surgery.
Adolescent ; Bone Cysts* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Head ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Membranes ; Noise ; Recurrence ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review was carried out on 23 patients with rigid fixed kyphosis who underwent surgical correction for their deformity. PURPOSE: To report the results of surgical correction of fixed kyphosis according to the surgical approaches or methods. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Surgical correction of fixed kyphosis is more dangerous than the correction of any other spinal deformity because of the high incidence of paraplegia. METHODS: There were 12 cases of acute angular kyphosis (6 congenital, 6 healed tuberculosis) and 11 cases of round kyphosis (10 ankylosing spondylitis, 1 Scheuermann's kyphosis). Patients were excluded if their kyphosis was due to active tuberculosis, fractures, or degenerative lumbar changes. Operative procedures consisted of anterior, posterior and combined approaches with or without total vertebrectomy. Anterior procedure only was performed in 2 cases, while posterior procedure only was performed in 8 cases. Combined procedures were used in 13 cases, including 4 total vertebrectomies. RESULTS: The average kyphotic angle was 71.8degrees preoperatively, 31.0degrees postoperatively, and the average final angle was 39.2degrees. Thus, the correction rate was 57% and the correction loss rate was 12%. In acute angular kyphosis, correction rate of an anterior procedure only was 71%, correction rate of the combined procedures without total vertebrectomy was 49% and correction rate of the combined procedures with total vertebrectomy was 60%. In round kyphosis, correction rate of posterior procedure only was 65% and correction rate of combined procedures was 59%. The clinical results according to the Kirkaldy-Willis scale demonstrated 17 excellent outcomes, 5 good outcomes and one poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that the combined approach and especially the total vertebrectomy showed the safety and the greatest correction rate if acute angular kyphosis was greater than 60 degrees.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kyphosis* ; Paraplegia ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tuberculosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of an intravitreal amniotic membrane (AM) injection on a rat model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS: Intravitreal injection of AM (12.5 microgram/mL) into the left eyes and phosphate-buffered saline into the fellow eyes of 15 rats was performed immediately after laser injury. At week 2, after angiography, the rats were sacrificed, and histopathologic analysis was performed. Angiographic and histopathologic assessments of the effects of AM injection on CNV growth were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: CNV thickness was found to have increased more in the AM treatment group (141.54+/-8.12 micrometer) than in the experimental control group (65.23+/-16.90 micrometer) (p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal AM injection demonstrated histopathologic pro-angiogenic properties in a rat model of CNV.
Amnion ; Angiography ; Animals ; Choroid ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; Eye ; Intravitreal Injections ; Rats