To evaluate the clinical efficacy of emergency cervical cerclage in the treatment of advanced cervical incompetence, a prospective clinical trial was performed in 18 patients with advanced cervical incompetence at 20 to 25 weeks gestation. Modified McDonalds operation with or without transabdominal amniocentesis was used for cervical cerclage. Pregnancy was prolonged for a sufficient time to deliver viable fetuses in 56.3% of patients. The median procedure-to-delivery interval was 8.6 (range 0.1 to 20.5) weeks for the entire group, and 13.9 (range 6.5 to 20.5) weeks for 9 patients who achieved live birth. The median gestational age at delivery was 38.6 (range 28.3 to 41.0) weeks for the live infants. The median birthweight of the live infants was 3062 g (range 1050 to 3620 g). The lack of significant matemal morbidity combined with the results for the fetus-infant supports further efforts in this area.
Amniocentesis ; Cerclage, Cervical ; Emergencies* ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Live Birth ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies

The subject were 653 male patients with uncomplicated gonorrhea at the VD Clinic of Choong Ku Public Health Center in Seoul from January to November 1985. 653 male patients with uncomplicated gonococcal infection were treated one of the following regimens. Five treatment regimens used were 2, 0 gm spectinomycin single 1M, 4 0 mega unit fortified procain penicillin G+2. 0 gm kanamycin sulfate IM preceded by 1 pgm probenecid PO, 6.0 mega unit fortified procain penicillin G+2 pgm kanamycin sulfate IM preceded by 1. 0 gm probenecid PO, 5, 0 rnega unit aqueous crystaline penicillin+2. 0 gm kanamycin sulfate irn preceded by 1, 0 gm probenecid PO and 9 tablets of cotrimoxazole+ 2. 0 gm kanamycin sulfate IM. There were no significant differences in the incidence of PGU among the five treatment groups. The overall PGU rate was 67.3% 59.2% and 53.6% at 3~5, 7~10 and 14 days after treatment respectively. The incidence of PGU at 7-10 days was not significantly higher than that of at 14 days after treatment. It is suggested that it is best to test PGU at 7 days after treatment. Because the longer one waits, the harder to follow the patients, and in earlier period, post-inflammatory irritation might be too frequent. It is also suggested that at 3 5 days after treatment examination of urethritis might serve to compare the effect of treatment regimens on the incidence of PGU.
Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kanamycin ; Male ; Penicillins ; Probenecid ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Spectinomycin ; Tablets ; Urethritis*

The thoracic and lumbar spine fractures were usually combined with neurological deficit. But the prognostic factors in degree of neurological damage and process of the recovery are controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affected neurological injury and the recovery. The 31 cases who had been performed surgical interventions due to traumatic thoracic or lumbar spine fractures with the neurological deficits were studied according to the radiographic findings of the spinal columns and neurological changes of the injured cord and/or the roots. The duration of mean follow-up was 32.6 months, and all cases were evaluated by motor index score and Frankel grade. Total cases were divided into complete paralytic (N=8) and partial paralytic(N=23) group. In incomplete paraplegia group, the neurological recovery rate was better than complete group(P < 0.001) and neurological recovery period was shorter than complete group (P=0.005). The neurologic deficits according to the Frankel grade were higher in Chance fracture, flexion-distraction and translation (complete paraplegia: 4/7 cases, 57.1%) than unstable bursting fracture (complete paraplegia: 4/24 cases, 16.7%)(P=0.031). The recovery rate of Chance fracture, flexion-distraction and translation were worse than unstable bursting fracture (0.001). The fracture which occurred in T5-11 showed higher incidence of complete paraplegia(75%) compared with that of the T12-L1(30.8%) & L2-4(7.1%)(p=0.021). The neurological recovery in motor index score in L2-4 was higher than T5-11 or T12-L1(P=0.0017). There was no correlation in kyphotic deformity and anterior body height loss between complete and incomplete paraplegia groups. But the A-P diameter of compromised neural canal showed significant difference between complete and incomplete paraplegia group(P=0.027)
Body Height ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Incidence ; Neural Tube ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paraplegia ; Spine

This study was conducted to identify the major dietary patterns of Korean adult men and to examine the relationship between subjective stress perception and these dietary patterns using data from the 2014∼2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Of the 23,080 total subjects, adult men between the ages of 19 and 64 who did not take the questionnaire or answer the questions relating to depression, and cases where the daily energy intake was less than 500 kcal or more than 5,000 kcal in the Food Frequency Questionnaire were excluded. This left a total of 3,464 subjects who were included in the final analysis. We performed a factor analysis based on the yearly mean intake frequency of 41 food groups to identify the major dietary patterns. Three major dietary patterns were identified (factor loading ＞0.3), including the ‘Healthy pattern’, ‘Processed meat pattern’, and the ‘Alcohol pattern’. The ‘Healthy pattern’ was characterized by higher intake of beans, tofu, vegetable, fish, and fruits. The ‘Processed meat pattern’ was characterized by high consumption of processed meats and instant foods. The ‘Alcohol pattern’ was characterized by a higher intake of alcohol. As a response to the subject's subjective perception of stress, the most answered 'a little' according to age, marital status, occupation, income, residential area, smoking status, drinking status, and exercise status. People whose diets followed the ‘Processed meat’ and ‘Alcohol’ patterns had significantly higher scores on subjective stress perception compared to people following the ’Healthy pattern’.To manage subjective stress, it is more effective to maintain health by relieving stress through a healthy method that combines healthy eating and exercise rather than following an unhealthy diet as characterized by the ‘processed meat’ and ‘alcohol’ dietary patterns.

No abstract available.
Liver Abscess, Pyogenic*

BACGROUND: The accuracy and efficiency of a job performed by hospital employee can be linked directly with patients' health and life. It is considered that their irregular work and stress are relatively high as compared with other workplaces. In this article we tried to look into how job stress, working environment and factors of life-style influence sleep problems in hospital employees. METHODS: This research was conducted among 248 workers of a hospital in Busan on April, 2002. Sleep problems were categorized into insomnia, sleep deprivation, daytime sleepiness and snoring on the basis of the factor analysis of 11-item questions. The job stress was proposed by Karasek, etc., and measured by 14-item modified questions. The statistical analysis was conducted using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Statistically insomnia, sleep deprivation and daytime sleepiness showed a significant increase in women (OR:2.1/2.69/3.16) and shift workers (OR:4.67/3.28/1.98) and snoring showed a significant increase in obesity (OR:5.0) and smokers (OR:2.34). CONCLUSION: This research showed that many hospital employees perceive sleep disorders as critical. Especially, work shift seemed to be an important risk factor for sleep disorders.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Obesity ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Snoring

OBJECTIVES: To study the distributions of pH and gas values in umbilical arterial(UA) blood of normal newborns following uncomplicated pregnancies and vaginal births. Methods: In 457 consecutive normal term infants who were born between March 1995 and June 1998, we examined the UA pH and blood gas values obtained immediately following delivery. Maternal inclusion criteria were defined as an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy and a normal full term spontaneous vaginal delivery. And also neonatal inclusion criteria were defined as a normal intrauterine growth appropriate for gestational age without any malformations and Apgar score of 7 or more at both one and five minutes after birth. Umbilical artery blood samples were collected at each birth and were evaluated for pH, carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2), oxygen pressure (PaO2) and actual bicarbonate. RESULTS: Histogram of UA pH value resemble normal distribution curve. The lowest UA pH was 7.04 and the 10th percentile value was 7.23. The median UA pH was 7.31 and 5% was below 7.20. The lowest UA PaO2 was 4.6mmHg and the 10th percentile value was 11.5mmHg. The highest UA PaCO2 was 67.2mmHg and the 90th percentile value was 56.5mmHg. The lowest bicarbonate value was 13.2mmol/L and the 10th percentile value was 18.4mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The distributions of the UA pH and gas values of the collective of normal newborns were illustrated. None of the UA pH was below 7.0.
Apgar Score ; Blood Gas Analysis* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Oxygen ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Umbilical Arteries*

As modern society becomes increasingly complex, there has been a steady increase in violence, as well as in automobile and industrial accidents. This has resulted in an increased incidence of facial injuries, including mandibular fractures. Many methods have been advocated to achieve reestablishment of normal feature and function. The choice generally depends upon such factors as location of the fractures, displacements, status of the dentition and favorability of the fracture line. Many cases of mandibular fracture are treated by intermaxillay fixation using an arch bar or bite block(acrylic splint)for rapid bone union and minimal displacement. However, there had been some problems, such as discomfort to patients, limitation to eating and weight loss, poor oral hygiene, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis. As a consequence, we have modified the shape of the acrylic splint and method of fixation for circum-mandibular fixation instead of intermaxillary fixation. Acrylic splints are rigid, strong, easily adjusted and repaired, translucent, lightweight and well tolerated by the oral mucosa. The splints are properly secured to each tooth and bind all the teeth together as a single unit. Authors have used modified acrylic splints as tools of circum-mandibular fixation in 12 cases of mandibular symphysis and body fracture from May 1997 to August 1998, achieving the results of very good occlusal relationship, oral hygiene and comfort to patients.
Accidents, Occupational ; Ankylosis ; Automobiles ; Dentition ; Eating ; Facial Injuries ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mandibular Fractures* ; Mouth Mucosa ; Oral Hygiene ; Splints* ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Tooth ; Violence ; Weight Loss

Pheochromocytoma remains one of the great challenges to anesthesiologists during anesthesia and postoperative period. Virtually all anesthetic agents and techniques have been used with success but associated with a high rate of transient intraoperative arrhythmia and hypertension. We now report one case who was given thoracic epidural block and neuroleptic anesthesia for resection of right adrenal and presacral pheochromocytoma. Blood pressure and heart rate were stable during induction, tumor manipulation and postoperative intensive care unit with out the use of vasodilating or antiarrhythmic druas. While this report describes only one encouraging case, the potential advantages of thoracic epidural & general anesthesia in pheochromocytoma appear to warrant the further trial.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthetics ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; Intensive Care Units ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Postoperative Period

The association of major fetal malformations with amniotic bands has been known for many years. However, we are apt to ignore the possibility of amniotic band syndrome. In this case, fetal anencephaly was diagnosed at 17 weeks, menstrual age on the basis of sonographic findings. Following pregnancy termination, examination of the abortus rev- ealed the cerebral remnant which is similar to that found in dysraphic anencephaly, but collateral evidence of amniotic band was found. Therefore, when confronted with severe cranial or cerebral malformation amniotic band syndrome should be in the differential dia- gnosis.
Amniotic Band Syndrome* ; Anencephaly* ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Skin* ; Ultrasonography