No abstract available.
Classification* ; Fissure in Ano*

No abstract available.
Rectocele*

The malar bones are major determinants of mid-facial shape. In an oriental population, malar prominences are considered an unpleasing and undesirable feature because they give the face a triangular shape and may produce an emaciated and sunken appearance. There are two main operative approaches to malarplasty. One is a coronal approach and the other is a intraoral approach. The former possess advantages of symmetricity, accuracy and superiorly, medially and posteriorly aesthetical transposition of the malar bone. However, it has drawbacks such as a long visible scar on the scalp and extensive operation. Though the latter is a simple method avoiding a visible scar, it has some problems of asymmetricity, cheekdrooping, partial transposition of the malar complex and difficulty of aesthetic transposition. The authors intended to perform intraoral malarplasty for symmetrically aesthetic transposition of the whole malar bone without cheekdrooping. From February 1996 to January 1999, 9 female patients with prominent malar complex, in whom the coronal incision was objectionable, had intraoral malarplasty performed with 2-point fixation after L-shaped osteotomy involving the zygomatic process of maxilla, resulting in symmetric and aesthetically desirable three dimensional transposition of the malar bone.
Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Maxilla* ; Osteotomy ; Scalp ; Zygoma

Pseudocyst of the auricle presents as a non-inflammatory, fluctuant swelling on the upper half or third section of the ear, due to intracartilaginous accumulation of fluid. Histological examination shows an intracartilaginous cavity without an epithelial lining. The etilogy and pathogenesis of this disorder remains unknown, but the lesion is likely to be due to localized de-generation of cartilage. The degenerated cartilage is replaced by a vascular fibrous tissue from which there is serious exudation, and a clinical cystic swelling is formed. We describe in this report three cases of pseudocyst of the auricle, of which one was treated successfully by surgical excision and a pressure dressing, and the others by aspiration and steroid injection therapy. In all cases, the skin lesions had not recurred, and the patients were left with an excellent cosmetic result.
Bandages ; Cartilage ; Ear ; Humans ; Skin

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Cryopreservation* ; Oocytes*

No abstract available.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Gingiva ; Head ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Neck ; Osteoradionecrosis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Radiotherapy

Intrathecal and epidural narcotics have been widely used since 1979 to relieve pain and provide postoperative analgesia. Ketamine hydrochloride, a potent analgesic and anesthetic, has also been studied to its usefulness in epidural administration for postoperative pain relief devoid of the respiratory depression caused by morphine. This study was performed to evaluate whether a large dose of ketamine is effective for postoperative pain relief and the results were compared with those of epidural morphine. Forty patients undergoing lower abdominal and extremity surgery were randomly assigned in two groups of twenty. No patient was receiving narcotics or analgesic at the time of study. The operative anesthesia was provided by continuous epidural anesthesia with 27 ml of 1.5% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine. Ketamine 30mg or morphine 3-4 mg was administered about 30 minutes before the end of operation through the epidural catheter respectively. Patients were monitored every 15 minutes during the first hour and every hour during first 24 hours. Pain complaint, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, SaO2 and potential side effects were recorded. The results were as follows; 1) Two cases in the ketamine group and nine cases in the morphine group did not need the additional analgesics after operation. The duration of pain relief in the ketamine group varied from 1.83 hour to over 48 hours (less than 3 hours in 50% of patients). Mean analgesic time in the morphine group was 28.3+/-5.6 hours. 2) Dissociative anesthesia with hypotension (one), sedation (fifteen), dizziness (seven), nausea (six) and vomiting (six) in the ketamine group, whereas nausea (nine), and vomiting (five) in the morphine group were developed. We conclude that ketamine 30 mg administered epidurally, which had a more central actions and less analgesic effect than morphine, is inadequate for postoperative pain relief after lower abdomimal and extremity surgery.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Dizziness ; Epinephrine ; Extremities ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Ketamine* ; Lidocaine ; Morphine ; Narcotics ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Rate ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*