The metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to ureter, urinary bladder and uterus are not common, only a few cases were reported. A 63 years old female was admitted to department of urology, Korea university hospital with intractable hematuria, vaginal bleeding and severe frank pain on left is side with abdominal distension. Herein we are presenting a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with review and literature.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Female ; Genitalia* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urology ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

BACKGROUND: Morphine has a direct action on morphine receptors in the brain and spinal cord. Intrathecally administered L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, is known to have an antinociceptive effect on formalin-induced pain in animal studies. Efficacy of intrathecally administered ketorolac, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, is somewhat controversial. The interactions of intrathecally administered morphine, ketorolac and L-NAME on formalin-induced nociception was studied. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with chronic lumbar intrathecal catheters and were tested for paw flinch by a formalin injection. Drugs were intrathecally administered 15 min before the formalin injection, and biphasic painful behaviors were observed. We obtained the ED50 for each agent (ketorolac, L-NAME and morphine). ED50 fractions (1, 1/2 and 1/4) of drug combinations of L-NAME-ketorolac, morphine-L-NAME and ketorolac-morphine were administered. The ED50 of each combined drug was established and isobolographic analysis of the drug interactions was carried out. RESULTS: Intrathecal administration of ketorolac, L-NAME and morphine produced a dose-dependent suppression of pain behaviors in phase 2. ED50 values were 297.04micro gram for ketorolac, 207.46micro gram for L-NAME and 0.17micro gram for morphine in phase 2. Isobolographic analysis showed that the combination of intrathecal morphine and L-NAME synergistically reduced pain behaviors in phase 2. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecally administered morphine, L-NAME and ketorolac produced a dose-dependent decrease in the number of paw flinches in both phase 1 and phase 2 on the formalin test. Morphine with L-NAME showed synergistic analgesic effects on formalin-induced pain in phase 2.
Animals ; Brain ; Catheters ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Interactions ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Ketorolac* ; Male ; Morphine* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nociception ; Pain Measurement ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, mu ; Spinal Cord

We report a case of congenital candidiasis confined to the rail plates in a 57-day-old girl whose infected nails exhibited the rough, yellow-white, thickened, opaque distal ends and pink-colored, normal healthy plates at their proximal bases. Numerous pseudohyphae and spores were demonstrated by KOH microscopic examination. Candida albicans was identified by culture on Sabourauds glucose agar and API 20C Aux system. Histopathologic findings of nail crippings also showed mutiple hyphae beneath the hyperkeratot,ic nail plate on PAS stain. Shedding of the infected distal portion of the ungual plates ws caused by growing out of the healthy nails, resulting in spontaneous healing of the disease rithin 2 months.
Agar ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis* ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Spores

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hospitals, General*

BACKGROUND: Various kinds of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi have been isolated from the house dust, the closest environment of human beings. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose is to investigate the distribution of yeasts in house dust. METHODS: House dust was sampled from 22 families in Taegu and 56 in a rural town in Kyungpook province for 2 months from May to June, 1992. It was cultivated for years on the media containing cycloheximide (500mg/L) RESULTS: Among 78 families, 56 (71.8%) showed positive culture for yeasts in house dut;1 species in 24 (30.8%), 2 species in 19 (24.3%), 3 species in 12 (15.4%) and 4 species in 1(1.3%). Rhodotorula(Rh). Ruora was the most frequently isolated one from 36(46.2%) out of 78 families, followed by Tricosporn(T.) cutaneum 25(32.1%). Candida (C.) albicans 16 (20.5%), Pityrosporum pachydermatis 4 (5.1%) and Torulopsis candida, Cryptococcus laurentii, C. rugosa and C. guillermondii 1 (1.3%), each. CONCLUSION: Rh. rubra, T. cutaneum and C. albicans were the most important yeast species in the houst dust of both rural and raban areas.
Candida ; Cryptococcus ; Cycloheximide ; Daegu ; Dust* ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Malassezia ; Sweat ; Yeasts*

It is well established that mast cell proliferation and maturation are regulated by two principle cytokines, IL-3 and the c-kit ligand stem cell factor (SCF). Previous reports have demonstrated that bone marrow-derived IL-3-dependent mast cells exhibit the characteristic apoptosis on removal of IL-3. To know how the number of mast cells is controlled, we observed the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the murine bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMC). Apoptosis was measured by the analysis of flow cytometric data and electrophoretic evidence of DNA fragmentation. Our data showed that sodiurn nitroprusside (SNP)-a NO releasing substance- induced apoptosis in BMCMC. Cell cycle analysis showed that the number of the G,/G, and S phase decreased markedly, while the percentage of cell in G,/M phase was increased. Also, SNP alone induced cell death, whereas SNP in combination with SCF markedly decreased cell death of BMCMC. SNP-induced apoptosis was partially inhibited by the treatment of BMCMC with SCF. Our results suggest that NO might have sorne role in the regulation of the number of mast cells.
Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow* ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Death ; Cytokines ; DNA Fragmentation ; Interleukin-3 ; Mast Cells* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; S Phase ; Stem Cell Factor

Acromioclavicular joint injuries are frequently seen with the recent increase of traffic and industrial accidents. The treatment of complete separation of the acromioclavicular joint has been, and is still, a subject of controversy. In view of a recent trend, anatomical reduction of acromioclavicular joint, and rigid internal fixation method is preferable, especially in type 3 injury. We operated on 16 cases of complete acromioclavicular separation by the technique of coracoclavicular wiring from March 1983 to Feb. 1987. The following results were obtained. 1. The functional results were excellent; 12 cases(75%), good; 3 cases(19a%), and fair ; 1 cases(6%). 2. The complications include wire reakage ; 1 case(6%), bony erosion ; 3 cases(19%) and subluxation, 1 case(6%). 3. The advantages of coracoclavicular wiring. 1) Avoids violation of acromioclavicular joint but does not restrict rotation of the clavicle. 2) The operation is simple to perform. 3) Postoperative immobilization is minimal. 4) Removal of the wire is easy under local anesthesia. 5) This method corresponds to the coracoclavicular ligment biomechanically. Therefore, coracoclavicular wiring is thought to be a good operative method in the treatment of complete acromioclavicular separation.
Accidents, Occupational ; Acromioclavicular Joint ; Anesthesia, Local ; Clavicle ; Immobilization ; Methods

There are rare but serious complications-especially risk of paraplegia when instrumentation by surgery is used to correct a spinal deformity. Wake-up tests may be necessary during scoliosis or kyphosis surgery to ensure that spinal function remains intact. We tried four spinal fusions for ankylosing spondylitis of a 62 year-old woman. We were not able to fix the rod for fusion because of a presenting positive wake-up test in the previous two prone-positioned operations. In last operation we decided on normotensive anesthesia with fentanyl-propofol in a lateral decubitus position, and then surgical instrumentation was completed after we made sure of a negative weak-up test. There were no postoperative sequelae. The lateral approach to the thoracic disc space during spinal fusion may produce minimum disruption of the normal spinal musculoskeletal anatomy, avoid retraction of the spinal cord and preserve the neurovascular bundle and the segmental radicular arteries to the spinal cord.
Anesthesia ; Arteries ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Middle Aged ; Paraplegia ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Fusion* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Instruments