No abstract available.
Ear*

No abstract available.

Cavernous hemangioma is the most common primary tumor occurred in adults' orbit. This tumor has symptoms characteristically developing over several years with slowly progressive proptosis, eyeball deviation, hyperopia, diplopia and optic nerve compression. It's removal, necessary when there is progressive exophthalmos and visual deficit, is best performed en bloc to avoid intraoperative vleeding, the risk of residue, and potential further growth. In principle, surgical approach to the orbit must provide maximum safety and optimal visualization. The noncompressibility of the globe imposes greater demand on the need for some removal of the osseous orbit for surgical approach. This also must permit immediate functional and aesthetic reconstruction. The authors have experienced a case of large cavernous hemangioma in the orbit inferomedially. The surgical treatment of tumor was achieved by inferomedial approach combined with inferolateral orbitotomy. This surgical approach allows better visualization of the tumor and greater protection of essential anatomic structures. This also permits immediate functional and aesthetic reconstruction. So we present our case with a brief review of the literature related to orbital cavernous hemangioma.
Diplopia ; Exophthalmos ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Hyperopia ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Osteochondrodysplasias*

Many plastic surgeons have been tried to attain ultimate goal lies in restoring the original shape and function of the facial aesthetics, in reconstruction of deformities resulting from facial hypertrophic scar and skin defects. This would require consideration in terms of hanmony in color match, skin texture and thickness. Various forms of skin graft, local flap, distant flaps, free flap and tissue expander have been employed in restoring skin defects and deformities of the cheek and submental area, and the use of large local flaps utilizing the cervicofacial skin flaps or tissue expander have brought about improved aesthetic results. the authers have obtained satisfactory results in treating 2 cases of wide hypertrophic scar of the cheek and submental area with combination of wide cervical flap and intraoperative tissue expansion using foley catheter. the merits of this combined operative methods are as follows : 1. It is not necessory to keep tissue expander for a long period. 2. This technique is able to diminish the cost of multistage operation and using of tissue expander. 3. There is no psychologic problems due to undesirable facial appearance during tissue expansion period. 4. Rapid intraoperative tissue expansion by foley catheter during elevating wide cervical flap can allow to dissect one, preserving the perforators without bleeding in a short time. 5. Wide cervical flap and additional expanded tissue by means of intraoperative tissue expansion could brought into suturing avoiding tension of oral commissure and lip eversion. 6. Preservation of perforators of cervical flap above the platysma muscle raised flap's survival rate and then this result could prevent distal ischemic necrosis after flap coverage.
Catheters ; Cheek ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Esthetics ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Hemorrhage ; Lip ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Expansion Devices ; Tissue Expansion* ; Transplants

Various remedies have been developed for broad damage to soft tissue in limbs by traffic accidents and mechanical mishaps that have greatly increased in modern society. If the damaged part is trivial, it may be generally treated with local flap or skin graft. However, this has been limited by the ability to choose the flap available depending on the condition of the wounded part, so that, if it is rather large or severly inflamed, or if it occurred with a bone-fracture, it is inevitable to practice the free flap. In the past, the focus was on whether the free flap would survive or not. However, the function of donor the and recipient, as well as the problem of aesthetic appearance, gas become a matter of increqsing interest and concern as the survival rate of the flap has greatly improved due to the development of precise operations. In thes study, therefore, some complications were analyzed which may develop in a donor by a variety of free flaps. Preoperative plans, as well as intraoperative and postoperati-ve treatment were also studied to minimize the cause of complications. To investigate these questions, we undertook a clinical analysis of 91 followed patients from 1990 to 1997. There were 68 male and 23 female patients ranging in age from 6 to 67 years, with an average of 34.7 years. The length of follow-up ranged from 8 months to 6 years. The results of this study were as follows: Sufficient plans must be made on the donor before operation, single textures like muscle or fascia should be used if possible, and incision should be arranged along Langer`s line. Some measures to reduce wound tension should be pursued, and plans must be made to immobilize the site for an ample period after the operation. Some precautious should also be considered during the operation, such as avoiding traction surrounding nerves and vessels, preserving paratenon, practicing osteotomy with great care and properly stopping any bleeding. In addition, formation of a hematoma or seroma should be preventcd and the donor must be sutur-ed as soon as possible to reduce infection. With the application of the basic operational principles on the treatment of donors, the complications which might be caused by each free flap can be reduced, and furthermore, be protected against.
Accidents, Traffic ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy ; Seroma ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors* ; Traction ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a rare form of inflammatory disease of the gall bladder and was first described in 1970 by Christensen and Ishak as fibroxanthogranulomatous inflammation of the gall bladder. Recently authors experienced three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, two of which were erroneously diagnosed as malignant tumor in preoperative clinical and radiological examinations. Grossly, the gallbladders were enlarged and the walls were thickened with yellowish granular necrotic areas ranging from a few millimeters to 1.0 cm in diameter. Microscopically, all of three cases showed diffuse infiltration of the foamy histiocytes containing bile pigments and mononuclear leukocytes associated with fibroblastic proliferation and foreign body reactions. The pathogenesis of the xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is uncertain, but opinion favours an inflammatory response to extravasated bile probably, from ruptured Rokitanky-Aschoff sinuses. Three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with brief review of literature are presented.

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis plays a critical role in human tumor growth and metastasis. Microvessel count, as a measure of tumor angiogenesis, has been significantly correlated with invasive and metastatic patterns in breast, prostate and cutaneous carcinomas. Materials and METHODS: Fifty patients with curatively resected non-small cell lung cancer were evaluated. Tumor tissues embedded in paraffin block were stained by anti CD 31 (PECAM, platelet endothelial cellular adhesion molecule) using immunohistochemical method to assess microvessel count. Microvessels were counted in the most active areas of neovascularization(microscopy, 200×). RESULTS: 1) Mean microvessel count was 47.1 ± 17.7(per 200×field) in total 50 cases. 2) Mean microvessel count of adenocarcinoma (54.4±19.9) was significantly higher than that of squamous cancer(43.9±16.2)(p<0.05), but there were no relationship between microvessel count and TNM stages. 3) Median survival time, 2-year and 5-year survival rates of the low microvascular group(microvessel count<45, 22cases) were 61 months, 80% and 40%, respectively, and those of the high microvascular group(microvessel count ≥ 45, 28 cases) were 46 months, 75% and 12%, respectively. As results, prognosis of low microvascular group is statistically significantly superior to that of the high microvascular group(p=0.0162, Kaplan-Meier, log-rank). CONCLUSION: Angiogenesis assessed by microvessel count can be used as one of the significant prognostic factors in non-small cell lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Blood Platelets ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Humans ; Microvessels ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is an essential component of tumor growth and metastasis, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important angiogenic factors. Several solid tumors produce substantial amounts of VEGF, which stimulates proliferation and the migration of ednothelial cells, therby inducing neovasculization by a paracrine mechanism. To evaluate the prognostic roles of angiogenesis and VEGF expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, the relationship between VEGF expression in tumor tissues, the clinicopathologic features and the overall survival rate were analysed. METHODS: Sixty-nine resected primary non-small cell lung cancer specimens were evaluated. The pareffinembedded tumor tissues were stained by anti-VEGF polyclonal antibodies using an immunohistochemical method to assess VEGF expression. RESULTS: In Forty-one patients (59%), the VEGF antigen was expressed weakly in their tumor tissue, whereas in twenty-eight patients (41%) the VEGF antigen was expressed strongly. The median survival time of the weak VEGF expression group was 24 months, and that of the strong VEGF expression group was 19 months. The three year-survival rates were 35%, 33%, respectively. The survival difference between both groups was not statistically significnat. CONCLUSION: Although results were not statistically significant, the strong expression group tended to poorer prognosis than weak expression group.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Antibodies ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A