No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Abdominal Wall ; Abscess ; Humans

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this research is to help solve adolescent issues involving substance uses, which may become begin to undergo many changes(i. e. practising various roles, thereby leading to independent life styles). More often than not, adolescent drug problems develop into social problems, chiefly behavioral imitations and heavy dependence on medicine. The authors conducted a survey of adolescent substance uses to develop preventive measures against the drug habit prevalent among young people, thereby formulating a policy to deal with problematic community. Funded by a Youth Counselling Center in the city of H. the research was conducted on the following assumptions that there will be:Firstly, a comparison of drug uses by sex and age:Secondly, variance of substance users by family background and peer group:Thirdly, a combination of heavy drinking, smoking and delinquency resulting in the drug habit. METHODS: The survey included a total of 1613 students during 3 days, 12 through 14, July, 1999. The subjects were 833 pupils(51.6%) from 4 middle schools and 780 students(48.4%) from 3 high schools in the city of H with a ratio of 49.5 %(males) and 50.5%(females). RESULTS: 1) Experience of substance use is most referable to drinking(59.4%) and smoking(34.4%) while given to analgesics(33.1%) among medicines, glue(0.7%) among inhalants and philophone(0.4%) among narcotics. 2) High school students found more than double the amount of smoking and drinking as well as uses of hypnotics, stimulants and sedatives by junior high school students. 3) Our resalt showed was significantly noted that non-users had a better relationship with their parents than most users. 4) Smoking and drinking problean could be more easily developing into adolescent substance uses. 5) Alcohol, cigarette, and drug users showed more misconducts than other adolescents. 6) Most adolescents believe that drinking is necessary for making friends(55.0%), while smoking is just for killing time(50.9%). 7) Drinking, smoking, and other substance users were found to develop into more problematic habits. CONCLUSION: The present survey and several others show that adolescent substance uses in Korea are on the rise. Therefore, extensive counter-measures will be necessary followed by nationwide epidemiological survey of the pending issue, with the psychiatrists participating in the campaign.
Adolescent* ; Drinking ; Drug Users ; Financial Management ; Homicide ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Korea ; Narcotics ; Parents ; Psychiatry ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Problems ; Tobacco Products

PURPOSE: The etiology of febrile seizures is not yet ascertained but it is known that genetic factors, cytokines or trace elements are associated with pathogenesis of febrile seizures. Among them, zinc deficiency is known to play some role of pathogenesis of febrile seizures. We purposed to know the relation between recurrence of febrile seizures and serum zinc level. METHODS: The subjects were recurrent febrile seizures group who were admitted to our hospital from June 2003 to July 2005 because of more than 3 times febrile seizures. The other two control groups were simple febrile seizures and acute febrile illness groups admitted to our hospital in same period. Simple febrile seizures group showed no more seizure over 1 year after first onset. We investigated serum zinc level in each group. RESULTS: The number of patient in each group is 33 children. Recurrent febrile seizures group was composed of 20 boys and 13 girls (the ratio of 1.5:1) with an average age 30 months old. The mean serum zinc levels in the recurrent febrile seizures group (123.7+/-9.6 microgram/dL) were not statistically different from those of the simple febrile seizures group(112.5+/-8.9 microgram/dL). Both of the recurrent and simple febrile seizures groups had significantly lower serum zinc levels than the febrile illness group(154.1+/-6.8 microgram/dL). CONCLUSION: We suggested that serum zinc level is not relationship with recurrence of febrile seizures. Nevertheless, the fact remains that serum zinc level was decreased in recurrent and simple febrile seizures groups compared with acute febrile illness group.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines ; Female ; Humans ; Recurrence* ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile* ; Trace Elements ; Zinc*

Hereditary ovarian cancer accounts for about 5% to 10% of the total ovarian cancer bnurden, The discase has been observed in context with three types of hereditary ovarian cancer prone syndrome : (1) site-specific ovarian cancer, (2) hereditary breast/ivarian cancer syndrome, (3) hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer(Lynch syndrome II). Each of these syndmmcs is chracterized by autosomal dominant transmission of cancer, sigrdficant early age of onset, and exeess of multiple Iprimary cancers. Auuthor expxeriencecl six families with hereditaty ovarian cancer, two families with a site-spxific. ovarian cancer and four with a breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, and report these families.
Age of Onset ; Chymopapain ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

Hereditary ovarian cancer accounts for about 5% to 10% of the total ovarian cancer bnurden, The discase has been observed in context with three types of hereditary ovarian cancer prone syndrome : (1) site-specific ovarian cancer, (2) hereditary breast/ivarian cancer syndrome, (3) hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer(Lynch syndrome II). Each of these syndmmcs is chracterized by autosomal dominant transmission of cancer, sigrdficant early age of onset, and exeess of multiple Iprimary cancers. Auuthor expxeriencecl six families with hereditaty ovarian cancer, two families with a site-spxific. ovarian cancer and four with a breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, and report these families.
Age of Onset ; Chymopapain ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

In the treatment of fractures of the thoracolumbar junctiion area, surgical intervention was performed when posterior part of veretbral body, posterior structure supporting ligaments were involved and body compression more than 40%. Number of cases satisfying above criteria were seven between Aug. 1990 and Jun. 1991. Age distribution ranged from 15 to 57 years. Sex ratio was 4:3(F:M). Four patients presented with nerve root sign, one patient with cauda equina signs, and two patients were normal neurologically. In all cases, spinal canal decompression, internal instrument fixation, and bone fusion with iliac bone were performed via anterolateral approach. After surgical treatment, neurological deficits disappeared and kyphotic angle returned to normal range of thoracolumbar junction area in all cases. Percentage of body compression was improved from preop. 55% to postop. 21% in average. According to above results, we concluded that anterior instrumental fixation combined with bone fusion using iliac bone was supperior to posterior approach in providing biomechanical stability and decompression of protruding ventral bone fragments.
Age Distribution ; Cauda Equina ; Decompression ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Reference Values ; Sex Ratio ; Spinal Canal

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) is a minimally invasive procedure for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures that fail to respond to conventional conservative treatment. It significantly improves intolerable back pain within hours, and has a low complication rate. Although rare, PV is not free of complications, most of which are directly related to cement leakage. Because of its association with new adjacent fracture, the importance of cement leakage into the adjacent disc space is paramount. Here, we report an interesting case of cement leakage into the adjacent upper vertebral body as well as disc space following PV. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report of cement leakage into the adjacent vertebral body following PV. This rare case is presented along with a review of the literature.
Back Pain ; Fractures, Compression ; Osteoporosis ; Vertebroplasty*

Background: Changes in perianchor cysts around the all-suture anchors, which demonstrate distinguished features from the biocomposite anchors, have not been revealed sufficiently. The purpose of this study was to investigate serial changes of perianchor cysts according to the location of the inserted anchor in the glenoid in arthroscopic labral repair using all-suture anchors. Methods: We enrolled 43 patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) immediately postoperatively and CT arthrogram (CTA) at 1 year or 2 years after arthroscopic labral repair using a 1.3-mm all-suture anchor for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation with or without a superior labral tear from anterior to posterior and a posterior labral tear. The mean diameter and tissue density (HU) of perianchor cysts were measured depending on the location in the glenoid. Clinical outcomes, labral healing, and redislocation rate were evaluated at 2 years after surgery. Results: On functional assessment, the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score and Rowe score improved statistically significantly after surgery (from 47.9 ± 14.3 preoperatively to 90.1 ± 9.6 postoperatively and from 45.3 ± 12.4 preoperatively to 92.2 ± 10.1 postoperatively, respectively; p < 0.01). Postoperative redislocations were found in 2 patients (4.7%). In radiological evaluation, the mean diameter of perianchor cysts at postoperative 1 year (3.24 ± 0.65 mm) was significantly larger than the immediate postoperative diameter; however, there was no significant difference between postoperative 1 year and 2 years (3.23 ± 0.57 mm). Tissue density at the center of cysts demonstrated no significant difference between 1 and 2 year postoperatively (107.7 ± 29.8 HU [superior], 99.7 ± 31.7 HU [anteroinferior], and 105.1 ± 25.0 HU [posterior] vs. 109.1 ± 26.1 HU [superior], 106.4 ± 30.3 HU [anteroinferior], and 111.0 ± 32.9 HU [posterior]). The mean diameter of perianchor cysts in the anteroinferior position was largest compared with that in superior or posterior positions. Conclusions Perianchor cysts associated with all-suture anchors enlarged significantly within 1 year after arthroscopic labral repair regardless of the insertion location in the glenoid. However, the size and tissue density of perianchor cysts were similar at postoperative 1 and 2 years, and satisfactory stability and clinical outcomes were obtained.