No abstract available.
Alcoholism*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this project was to suggest guidelines for management of Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion(LSIL) by evaluating natural course of LSIL of the uterine cervix. MATERIAL & METHODS: Among the women who visited Korea University Kuro Hospital from Jan. 1993 to Oct. 1998, One hundred fifty eight patients who were diagnosed as LSIL with colposcopy directed biopsy were followed up by colposcopy and/or cytology, HPV DNA test every 3 months. RESULT: In I58 patients who were diagnosed as LSIL, colposcopic examination confirmed progression to high grade intraepithelial lesion(HSIL) in 17(10.7%) patients, persistence of LSIL in 87(55%) patients, regression to normal in 54(34.2%) patients during the 3 year follow-up period. In prediction of LSIL subgroup, abnormal Pap test is 39%, 64%, 71% and abnormal HPV test is l6%, 29%, 65% in regression, persistent and progression group respectively. The shortest time of transition from minor lesion(LSIL) to high grade lesion was 12 months (the range, 12-51). CONCLUSION: Of the patients who were diagnosed as LSIL and monitored by colposcopy for 60 months, 34% had disease that regressed, 55% had persistent disease, and 11% had progressive disease. HPV DNA test(p=0.002) is more informative than pap test(p=0.567) in prediction of disease progression.
Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri ; Colposcopy ; Disease Progression ; DNA ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests ; Humans ; Korea ; Natural History

No abstract available.
Alcoholics* ; Humans

The ankle joint is a modified complex hinge joint which plays an important role in weight bearing, walking and standing. Injuries about the ankle joint cause destruction of not only bony architecture but often also the ligamentous and soft tissue component. So the goal of the treatment of ankle fracture is restoring normal relations of ankle mortise and regaining a smooth articular surface. The author have reviewed 84 cases of ankle fractures which were treated through the admission in the Orthopedic Department, In Je Medical College Pusan Paik Hospital from June 1979 to August 1986. The average duration of the follow-up was one year. The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1. The most common type was Danis-Weber type C. Nexts were B and A in order. According to the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type was Pronation-external rotstion(39.2%). 2. In Danis-Weber type B and C, satisfactory result was obtained by operative treatment. 3. Danis-Weber's classification was very practical criteria for treatment of the ankle fracture.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Busan ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Orthopedics ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Fetal Development* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: Neurofibroma, the hallmark of neurofibromatosis, is a cutaneous or subcutaneous lesion, with a variable clinical presentation. Histologically, neurofibroma consists of proliferation of nerve derived cellular elements, together with an abundant, collagenous extracellular matrix. Specifically, neurofibroma has been shown to contain 30-50% collagen in its matrix. Objective 5. METHODS: We examined the expression of extracellular matrix genes (collagen, fibronectin, laminin), TGF-b mRNA and Ha-ras oncogene mRNA by using Northern and slot-blot hybridization and immunoperoxidase stains. Result: In Northern blot analysis, Ha-ras and TGF-b genes revealed respectively, 8.8kb and 2. 5kb sized mRNA transcripts in neurofibroma. These parameters were normal in the control. The expression of these genes were 1.9, 2.0 fold increased in neurofibroma. In slot-blot analysis, expression of type I collagen showed fibronectin genes to be 2,401+210, 540+43, respectively, in neurofibroma. So there were 3.7 fold, 2.1 fold, differences respectively, compared to the normal control. However, there were no significant changes of type IV collagen and laminin Bl mRNA levels between neurofibroma and normal skin tissues. Irnmunoperoxidase staining by rnonoclonal anti type IV collagen antibody in neurofibroma showed type IV collagen to be diffusely and weakly stained in tissue. On staining by monoclonal anti-laminin antibody, laminin was stained in a matrix and around vessels. CONCLUSION: The increased expression of extracellular matrix genes may suggest that there is a subpopulation of fibroic cells in neurofibroma which are stimulated by TGF-b. Ha-ras genes which might have accumulated with the differentiation of neural tissue may be related to the pathogenesis of neurofibroma tissue formation. Further studies are needed to determine whether the other factors are related to the pathogenesis of neurofibroma.
Blotting, Northern ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type IV ; Coloring Agents ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Fibronectins ; Genes, ras* ; Laminin ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin

An 41-year-old woman with chronic active hepatitis developed multible asymptomatic erythematous papules, plaques and purpuras on the both lower leg, feet, forearms and hands. Some lesions progressed to ulcers with central black colored necrotic eschars. Biopsies and cultures demorrstrated a fungus, aspergillus fumigatus a the etilogic agent. No evicience of involvement of other organs by aspergillus fumigatus was found. Intravenous amphotericin B therapy was discontinued because of he immediate adverse effects. The patient received treatment with oral itaconazole(200mg/day) and intravenous fluconazole(400mg/day), but skin lesions have been recurring repeatedly.
Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Biopsy ; Female ; Fluconazole ; Foot ; Forearm ; Fungi ; Hand ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Leg ; Purpura ; Skin ; Ulcer

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Recently Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) has been introduced due to superior flexural strength and fracture toughness compared to other dental ceramic systems. Although zirconia has outstanding mechanical properties, the phenomenon of decrease in the life-time of zirconia resulted from degradation in flexural strength after low temperature aging has been reported. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate degradation of flexural strength of Y-TZP ceramics after various low temperature aging treatments and to evaluate the phase stability and micro-structural change after aging by using X-ray diffraction analysis and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Y-TZP blocks of Vita In-Ceram YZ (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) were prepared in 40 mm (length) x 4 mm (width) x 3 mm (height) samples. Specimens were artificially aged in distilled water by heat-treatment at a temperature of 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, and 225degrees C for 10 hours, in order to induce the phase transformation at the surface. To measure the mechanical property, the specimens were subjected to a four-point bending test using a universal testing machine (Instron model 3365; Instron, Canton, Mass, USA). In addition, X-ray diffraction analysis (DMAX 2500; Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) and SEM (Hitachi s4700; Jeol Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) were performed to estimate the phase transformation. The statistical analysis was done using SAS 9.1.3 (SAS institute, USA). The flexural strength data of the experimental groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and to detect statistically significant differences (alpha= .05). RESULTS: The mean flexural strength of sintered Vita In-Ceram YZ without autoclaving was 798 MPa. When applied aging temperature at below 125degrees C for 10 hours, the flexural strength of Vita In-Ceram YZ increased up to 1,161 MPa. However, at above 150degrees C, the flexural strength started to decrease. Although low temperature aging caused the tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation related to temperature, the minimum flexural strength was above 700 MPa. CONCLUSION: The monoclinic phase started to appear after aging treatment above 100degrees C. With the higher aging temperature, the fraction of monoclinic phase increased. The ratio of monoclinic/tetragonal + monoclinic phase reached a plateau value, circa 75% above 175degrees C. The point of monoclinic concentration at which the flexural strength begins to decrease was between 12% and 54%.
Aged ; Aging ; Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics ; Collodion ; Dental Porcelain ; Electrons ; Humans ; Phenothiazines ; Tokyo ; Water ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Yttrium ; Zirconium

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pseudo-labyrinthine symptom without any other accompanying neurologic symptoms or signs occur with cerebellar infarction. The prognosis and management of cerebellar infarction differ from those of vertigo associated with unilateral vestibulopathy. The objective of study was to analyze the clinical symptoms of cerebellar infarction mimicking unilateral vestibulopathy according to the infarction territory. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Among 273 patients who showed pseudo-labyrinthine symptoms or signs, 28 patients were diagnosed cerebellar infarction on MRI between January 2003 and October 2006. Out of the 28 patients, 9 patients accompanying with focal neurologic symptoms or signs in early stage were excluded, and a retrospective analysis of total 19 patients was done through chart reviews. Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we divided 19 patients into two groups, AICA and PICA territory infarction. Clinincal features, outcome of audiologic and vestibular function test were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Among the 19 subjects, 10 were males and 9 were females, the mean age was 63.1+/-.0. On MRI, 5 (26.3%) subjects showed infarction in unilateral AICA territory, 14(73.7%) in unilateral PICA territory. In the patients with AICA territory infarction, audiological tests confirmed unilateral sensorineuronal hearing loss in all 5 subjects. On V-ENG, 4/5 (80%) demonstrated horizontal or mixed horizontal torsional spontaneous nystagmus, and 4/5 (80%) had a canal paresis to caloric stimulation. In several days of hospital stay, 3/5 (60%) showed new neurologic signs, facial numbness. In the patients with PICA infarction, there was no hearing change. On V-ENG, 12/14(85.7%) demonstrated horizontal or mixed horizontal torsional spontaneous nystagmus, and 7/14 (50%) had a canal paresis to caloric stimulation. In several days of hospital stay, 10/14 (71.4%) accompanied with cerebellar ataxia. CONCLUSION: Cerebellar infarction simulating unilateral vestibulopathy is more common than previously thought. Early recognition of the cerebellar infarction showing pseudo-vestibular symptom may allow specific management. Also taking into account that clinical features differ by infarction territory will assist in determining the patient's status of the disease.
Cerebellar Ataxia ; Cerebellum ; Female ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Infarction* ; Length of Stay ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paresis ; Pica ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Vertigo ; Vestibular Function Tests

No abstract available.
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic*