Pure ovarian choriocarcinoma of germ cell origin is exceedingly rare neoplasm, and even the presence of choriocarcinomatous elements admixed with other neoplastic germ cell elements is rare. In the most cases, the tumor is admixed with other neoplastic germ cell elemeats, and their presence is diagnostic of noagsatational choriocarcinoma, except for the remote of the tumor being a geatational choriocarcinoma metasttic to an ovarian germ cell tumor. We have experienced a case of nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma in 10 year dld woman. So we report this case with a brief review of its literatures.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Pregnancy

Primary ovarian pregnancy is one of the rerest types of extrauterine pregnancy. But an increase in the reported prevalence of ovarian pregnancies was published in recent years. Three cases of ovarian pregnancy which have Spiegelberg criteria are presented with a brief review of literatures.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Prevalence

From Nov. 7. 1988 to Nov. 21. 1988, we visited 20 universities' opticians and contact lens stores affiliated with them, and surveyed contact lens wearing process. We found that in all 14 stores, fitting was done by non-ophthalmologists and in 11 stores, wearing was processed without consulting on ophthalmologists.

Vibrio vulnificus infection is a fatal disease occurring after the consumption of seafood in patients with underlying liver disease. Inflammation of the skin, subcutanous fat and fascia disseminates from the lower extremity to the trunk and upper extremity Infectious myositis caused by vibrio vulnificus is rare, and its MR imaging findings have not been reported. We report these in a case of infectious myositis caused by vibrio vulnificus involving both lower extremities.
Fascia ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver Diseases ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myositis* ; Seafood ; Skin ; Upper Extremity ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio*

PURPOSE: To characterize the MRI appearance of the peripherally located schwannoma as compared with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 cases of 13 lesions of the schwannoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed, retrospectively. T11 T2 and Gadolinium-enhanced T1 weighted sagittal and axial images were obtained. The signal intensity, contour of lesion, and relationship with surrounding tissue were analyzed. All cases were correlated with MRI and pathologic findings. RESULTS: In 9 out of the 11 cases, schwannoma was connected to the main nerve trunk. Among them, tumors were located centrally in 6 cases and eccentrically in 3 cases. MR findings of schwannoma were iso signal intensity on T1WI(8 cases) with muscle intensity, high signal intensity on T2WI(all cases), strong heterogenous enhancement in all cases. 8 cases showing heterogenous appearance on T2WI, showed mixture of Antoni-A and B area and multifocal hemorrhage. Central low and peripheral high signal intensity on T2Wl(Target sign) was mainly high cellular component in the central portion and diffuse myxoid degeneration at the periphery, pathologically. Reversed target appea.rance(central high, peripheral low on T2WI) revealed central cystic degeneration with low cellular component and hemorrhage in the central portion, and high cellular component at the periphery. Linear band-like low signal intensity on T2WI, suggesting capsule of the schwannoma, was not the true capsule proven by pathology. Thin true capsule was not visualized on T2WI. CONCLUSION: MR appearance of schwannoma was non-specific. The signal intensity on T2 weighted MR imaging was determined by the presence of multifocal hemorrhage, focal cystic and myxoid degeneration, admixture of Antoni-A and B area.
Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To characterize the MRI appearance of the peripherally located schwannoma as compared with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 cases of 13 lesions of the schwannoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed, retrospectively. T11 T2 and Gadolinium-enhanced T1 weighted sagittal and axial images were obtained. The signal intensity, contour of lesion, and relationship with surrounding tissue were analyzed. All cases were correlated with MRI and pathologic findings. RESULTS: In 9 out of the 11 cases, schwannoma was connected to the main nerve trunk. Among them, tumors were located centrally in 6 cases and eccentrically in 3 cases. MR findings of schwannoma were iso signal intensity on T1WI(8 cases) with muscle intensity, high signal intensity on T2WI(all cases), strong heterogenous enhancement in all cases. 8 cases showing heterogenous appearance on T2WI, showed mixture of Antoni-A and B area and multifocal hemorrhage. Central low and peripheral high signal intensity on T2Wl(Target sign) was mainly high cellular component in the central portion and diffuse myxoid degeneration at the periphery, pathologically. Reversed target appea.rance(central high, peripheral low on T2WI) revealed central cystic degeneration with low cellular component and hemorrhage in the central portion, and high cellular component at the periphery. Linear band-like low signal intensity on T2WI, suggesting capsule of the schwannoma, was not the true capsule proven by pathology. Thin true capsule was not visualized on T2WI. CONCLUSION: MR appearance of schwannoma was non-specific. The signal intensity on T2 weighted MR imaging was determined by the presence of multifocal hemorrhage, focal cystic and myxoid degeneration, admixture of Antoni-A and B area.
Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Malignant Mixed Mullerian tumors(MMMTs) are unusual neoplasms occumng mostly in the uterus and, ralely, they arise in the ovary. The clinical features of malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary are similiar to other ovarian malignancies. The clinical course is rapidly progressive and fatal. The optimal treatment modalities has remained elusive. The most reliable prognostic criterion is the initial tumor stage and the overall survival was poor. We experienced two cases of malignant mixed miillerian tumor of the ovary, so we report these cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Female ; Ovary* ; Respiratory Sounds ; Uterus

We analyzed the occurrence of enteric viruses and bacteria at 22 places of drinkable groundwater (civil defense emergency water-supply facility), 8 places of the groundwater used for drinking water in group food services, and 10 places of spring-water. When the 40 concentrated samples were analyzed using nested RT-PCR and real-time RT PCR methods, norovirus and other enteric viruses were not detected in all samples tested. The detection percentages for total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica of fecal indicator were 57.5%, 22.5% and 7.5%, respectively. Colipages were not detected. These results suggest that high levels of fecal indicator bacteria in groundwater and spring-water are not directly related to occurrence of enteric viruses.
Bacteria ; Drinking Water ; Emergencies ; Escherichia coli ; Food Services ; Groundwater ; Norovirus ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Yersinia enterocolitica

PURPOSE: Though the etiology of this cancer has not been elucidated, it has been suggested that certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) and alteration of the p53 gene are closely associated with uterine cervical cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of high risk HPV, p53 and p21 gene in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III (CIN3) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The presence of high-risk HPV DNA (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, 56) were detected from cervical swab in 240 patients by hybrid capture method. Expression of p53 genes were studied in paraffin-embedded specimens by immunohisto- chemical staining and p53, p21 gene alteration by RT-PCR SSCP using fresh cervical tissues. RESULTS: High risk HPV DNA were detected in 34%, 74.3% and 75.7% in control, CIN3 and invasive squamaus cell carcinoma respectively. In patients with high risk HPV DNA, type 16 were detected of 5.9%, 30.8%, 47.2% respectively. Relative concentration of HPV DNA to control was 16.3+-27.4 in CIN3 and 30.4+-40.8 in invasive squamous cell cancer. Of patients with high risk HPV DNA, p53 expression was found in 42.9% of CIN3 immunohistochemically, while patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma was de- tected in 50%. In patients without high risk HPV DNA, p53 expression was detected in 17.1% in CIN3, 15.7% in invasive squamous cell carcinoma. But the mutation of p53 and p21 gene by RT-PCR SSCP were not observed in CIN3 and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that carcinogenesis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma from CIN3 may be concerned with high risk HPV concentration and may be occurred via another pathway without HPV and p53 or p21 mutation.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; DNA* ; Gene Expression* ; Genes, p53 ; Humans* ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A tenderness of the dentin after tapering of teeth for dental prosthesis is a common phenomenon. In practice, the alternative desensitizer may be used for minor pain after tapering of teeth. PURPOSE: In this study, the desensitizers were used to investigate the affect decreasing of shear bond strength according to the use of various cement, such as resin, Glass Ionomer, and phosphate cement. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Three different desensitizers were used on this study. Compositions of two dentin desensitizers were HEMA(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and glutaraldehyde. The other one is oxalic acid. Three dentin desensitizers applied on 12 degrees taper teeth. Then, Ni-Cr crowns were bonded with Resin cement, Zinc Phosphate (ZPC) cement and Glass Ionomer (GIC) cement. 120 human premolar teeth were used for specimens. The specimens were divided into four group as the reference and the empirical each with thirty specimens, then further divided into 12 group according to type of desensitizers and cement types. The shear bond strength were measured by Instron multi task instrument. RESULTS: According to the result, the measured shear bond strength in order from the weakest to the strongest in general was ZPC, Resin, and GIC. And it is found that the application of desensitizers on dentin surface does not affect the shear bond strength. CONCLUSION: Dentin desensitizers that alleviate or prevent a dentin tenderness, usually contains HEMA and glutaraldehyde compounds. Such desensitizers are widely used in clinical studies. By applying the dentin desensitizer on the exposed dentin surface, the dentin capillary are blocked and periodontal membrane and cementum can not be drawn in pulp cavity. Since HEMA and glutaraldehyde may cause harm to the pulp cavity, an alternative desensitizer was developed.
Bicuspid ; Capillaries ; Crowns ; Dental Cements* ; Dental Cementum ; Dental Prosthesis ; Dentin* ; Glass ; Glutaral ; Humans ; Membranes ; Oxalic Acid ; Resin Cements ; Tooth ; Zinc