No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Obesity*

No abstract available.
Obesity* ; Primary Health Care*

No abstract available.
Obesity* ; Primary Health Care*

Renal dysplasia results from aberrant metanephric histogenesis caused fundamentally by a defect in inducer tissue or responding tissue. Dysplastic kidneys vary tremendously in gross and microscopic appearance but are characterized by abnormal organization and a mixed population of primitive structures, such as fetal or immature cartilage, dysplastic ducts, immature tubules, and undifferentiated mesenchyme. We report a case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia associated with an ipsilateral ectopic ureteral orifice entering a seminal vesicle cyst in a 33-year-old man. He was admitted due to primary infertility which had developed three years ago. The his semen analysis revealed oligospermia. No evidence of a family history of renal dysplasia was reported. Microscopic examination showed that the entire kidney was composed of cysts lined by flattened cells, dysplastic ducts and immature tubules surrounded by collars of spindle cells, primitive mesenchyme, and a few aberrantly formed glomeruli.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Humans ; Infertility ; Kidney ; Male ; Mesoderm ; Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney* ; Oligospermia ; Semen Analysis ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Ureter*

Adenoid basal cell tumor of the prostate is a rare tumorous lesion that can be misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The malignant potential of adenoid basal cell tumor remains uncertain due to small number of reported cases. This 66-year-old man presented with symptoms of urinary tract obstruction. Under the impression of benign prostatic hyperplasia, a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was performed. The patient was alive with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis 15 months after TURP. Microscopically, most of the lesions were composed of nodular collections of small nests of basaloid cells with peripheral palisading, and clusters of tumor cells forming cribriform pattern. Multiple areas of basal cell hyperplasia and atypical basal cell hyperpalsia were also observed. The coexistence of basal cell hyperplasia, atypical basal cell hyperpalsia, and adenoid basal cell tumor with cribriform pattern in this case supports a morphologic continuum from the benign hyperplastic lesion to malignant neoplasia.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoids* ; Aged ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Recurrence ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Tract

It remains a problem that successful revascularization and reperfusion after ischemia are associated with high systemic complication rates and severe local tissue injuries. With prolonged ischemia, there is damage to tissue from anoxia, but further injury may occur after reperfusion. The activation of leukocytes and endothelial cells during reperfusion causes neutrophil adhesion in capillaries, resulting in plugging and further ischemia, Alternativety, neutrophil adhesion to endothelium leads to the migration of neutrophil with local edema formation, hemorrhage and thrombosis. Some chemotactic and activating factors are needed to propel neutrophils to the site of local inflammation. The chief cytikines that induce a pro-adhesive state in endothelium are tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta) and endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Similarly, TNF-alpha,and to a lesser extent interleukin-8(IL-8), is the important stimulus that acts on neutrophils and other leukocytes to alter their adhesion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pathogenetic role of IL-8 after perfusion with CDl8 monoclonal antibody(CDl8 mAb), the blocking antibody of neutrophil adherence, on reperfusion injury in rat epigastric island skin flap. A 6 X 3 cm-sized island skin flap was made on the abdomen. The epigastric pedicle was occluded for six hours with ambient temperature. Fifteen minutes before reperfusion, the flap was perfused with saline and CDl8 mAb(1 mg/kg). For evaluation of IL-8 levels, tissue fluid and serum were obtained at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after reperfusion. IL-8 concentrations of the CDl8 mAb group in the tissue fluid were significantly decreased at 8, 12 and 24 hours compared to the control group(P > 0.01), but the difference between the two groups was not significant at 4 hours after reperfusion IL-8 concentrations of the CDl8 mAb group in the serum were significantly decreased over time compared to the control group(P > 0.05, p > 0.01). Form the above results, we concluded that blocking neutrophil adherence using CD18 mAb within the peak level of IL-8 at 4 hours after reperfusion may be a better method of reducing reperfusion injury to the island skin flap.
Abdomen ; Animals ; Anoxia ; Capillaries ; Edema ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Hemorrhage ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-8* ; Ischemia ; Leukocytes ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury* ; Reperfusion* ; Skin ; Thrombosis

Exercise prescription for obese patients should be individualized since they are not accustomed to exercise. When we prescribe exercise for obese patients, low impact exercises such as walking, cycling, swimming are recommended. We should pay special attention to obese patients with co-morbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease or osteoarthritis when we prescribe exercise. For effective weight loss, it is necessary to improve exercise compliance and increase physical activity level.
Compliance ; Exercise ; Exercise Therapy* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Motor Activity ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Obesity* ; Osteoarthritis ; Prescriptions ; Swimming ; Walking ; Weight Loss

There is increasing evidence that genes encoding for signal transduction pathway, including ras and epidermal growth factor receptor( EGFR), are involved not only in normal cellular growth and differentiation but also in development and progression of malignant tumors. N-butyl-N- (4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)-induced rat bladder tumor is an ideal model to study the time related gene expression in stepwise bladder epithelial carcinogenesis. We herein investigated the roles of ras and EGFR by immunohistochemical study in bladder tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats after administration of BBN. Sequential epithelial changes consisting of normal, simple hyperplasia, nodular or papillary hyperplasia, papilloma and superficial transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) were observed in rat bladders in parallel with the duration of BBN administration. The expressions of both ras and EGFR were weak in bladder epithelia of non-BBN-administered rats, whereas, immunoreactivity and number of reactive cell layer were increased in bladder epithelia of BBN-administered rats in parallel with the duration of BBN administration and progression of bladder epithelial changes. These results further support the hypothesis that ras and EGFR may have important roles in development of bladder TCC.
Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Gene Expression ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Papilloma ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Signal Transduction ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Dietary intervention is important in the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, fatty liver, cerebrovascular accident, hypertension. To contribute to the improvement of periodic health examination, we investigated the current status of nutritional screening. METHODS: We gathered information about nutritional screening and education by review of questionnaires and telephone interview with physicians and dieticians in 20 university hospitals. RESULTS: Nutritional screening and education was not being done in 11 out of 20 hospitals. It was done only to those who were need of in 3 hospitals. In one hospital, brief nutritional screening was carried out to all and nutritional education only to those who were in need of it. In the rest of the hospitals, nutritional screening and education was dane to all. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional screening and education was sufficient for primary and secordary prevention in only a few hospitals. Joint development of nutritional screening tools and educational materials is needed.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Education ; Fatty Liver ; Hospitals, University ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Interviews as Topic ; Joints ; Mass Screening* ; Nutritionists ; Obesity ; Stroke ; Surveys and Questionnaires