No abstract available.
Societies, Medical ; Periodicals as Topic ; Organizational Objectives

No abstract available.
Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing ; Veterinary Medicine

Morphologically, kyphosis is devided into two groups, pure kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis, according to whether or not scoiiosis is combined. Or kyphosis can be devided into round kyphosis or angular kyphosis. The examples of round kyphosis are Scheuermanns kyphosis or ankylosing spondylitis. Acute angular kyphosis are of congenital kyphosis or old healed tuberculosis. The purpose of surgical correction of fixed kyphosis is to correct deformity as well as to prevent or to recover from paraplegia. The operation also improve respiratory and digestive function by diminishing compression of abdomen. However, the correction of this deformity is more dangerous in eliciting paraplegia than any other spinal deformity. In considering surgical correction of kyphosis we have to decide which approach is the best for that particular patient at that particular time. Usually majority of patient need combined anterior and posterior approach. The extent of fusion depends upon the flexibility of the kyphosis. Anterior fusion should encompass at least the rigid and inflexible portion of the kyphosis as determined by the hyperextension x-ray of the spine. Posterior fusion should encompass the full extent of the kyphosis. The purpose of this study is to report our results for surgical correction and to find the operative procedure which shows the best result. We hereby report surgically corrected 14 cases of fixed kyphosis who were hospitalized here from April 1988 to February 1995.
Abdomen ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Kyphosis* ; Paraplegia ; Pliability ; Scheuermann Disease ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tuberculosis

Since the first experimental nerve graft by Philipeaux and Vulpian in 1870, many successful graft have been reported by Bunnell, Boyes, Millesi, Sunderland and Seddon. Advances in microsurgery techniques prompted Millesi to introduce the concepts of interfascicular nerve grafting whereby groups of fascicles, and not whole nerve, are connected together. Hunt and Taylor described a free vasculized nerve graft with microvascular anastomoses and obtained rapid axonal advance and maturation of grafted nerve in a clinical case. It is true that a nerve graft should be inferior to an end-to-end nerve repair, because in the case of nerve grafting the axon have to cross two suture lines instead of one. On the other hand, nerve grafting is indicated whenever a significant gap is produced in a nerve as a result of injury. In a retrospective study of 46 patients, defect of the nerve with treated by nerve graft were analyzed from March, 1983 to January, 1993 and following results were obtained. 1. Nerve graft was useful method to repair nerve whenever a significant gap is produced in a nerve as a result of injury. 2. The sural nerve was used as a donor nerve and vasculized nerve graft can be useful. 3. Postoperative results of cases caused by electric burns were worse than others. 4. There were little significant value in the treatment results between epineural and perineural nerve graft. 5. Recovery of intrinsic function in median and ulnar nerve lesion above the elbow was poor and recovery of the intrinsic function in median nerve graft at the forearm level was better than level for lesion in the ulnar nerve at the same level.
Axons ; Burns, Electric ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Median Nerve ; Methods ; Microsurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Sural Nerve ; Sutures ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Ulnar Nerve

A 63 Year-old-lady has had substernal chest pain on exertion for 8 years. The chest pain has been increased over the last 3 years. A continuous murmur was heard at the left second to third inercostal spaces along the left sternal border. The electrocardiogram showed the inverted T-waves in the precordial leads. The right heart catheterization revealed 5% oxygen step up between RV and PA. The right sided pressures were normal. The coronary arteriography revealed markedly tortuous vessels starting shortly after the left main stem coronary artery was normally originated. One of the large vessel was shown to be drained into the pulmonary artery. In the operation room, without using heart-lung machine this abnormally drained vessel was simply ligated at it's draining site into pulmonary artery. After the operation the patient is feeling well with little symptoms and the continuous murmur is no longer heard.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart-Lung Machine ; Humans ; Middle Aged* ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Artery*

OBJECTIVES: There are a lot of studies that analyze the interaction between the emotion of disgust and the functional brain images using fMRI and PET. But studies using sLORETA (standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography) almost do not exist. The aim of this research is to explore the relationship of the emotion of disgust and the cortical activation using sLORETA analysis. METHODS: Forty five healthy young adults (27.1+/-2.6 years) participated in the study. While they were watching 4 neutral images and 4 disgusting images associated with mutilation selected from the international affective picture system (IAPS), participants' EEGs were taken for 30 seconds per one picture. Through these obtained EEG data, sLORETA analysis was performed to compare EEGs associated with neutral and negative images. RESULTS: During looking for visual disgusting stimulus, all participants reported unpleasantness, arousal and stress. In sLORETA analysis, the decrease of current density in theta wave was shown at left frontal superior gyrus (BA10) and middle gyrus (BA10, 11). This voxel cluster consists of a total of 11 voxels and the threshold of t value indicating statistically significant decreases in the current density (p<0.05) was -1.984. There were no differences between male and female in the degree of being disgusted by the stimuli. CONCLUSION: This finding may suggest that the activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex might be associated with regulating disgust emotion.
Arousal ; Brain ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnets ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Young Adult

Sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm usually associated with ocular adnexa. This malignancy may occur at any anatomic site that contains sebaceous glands. Despite the widespread anatomic distribution of sebaceous glands, extraocular sebaceous carcinoma occurs with far less frequency. We report a case of an 87-year-old Korean woman with extraocular sebaceous carcinoma treated with total excision.
Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Sebaceous Glands

BACKGROUND: Human hair usually emerges from the scalp in groups of 2 or 3-hair units. Hair densities and grouping patterns in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) patients are known to be different from those in normal adults, but no comparative study has ever before been made in Korea. Therefore we have developed some technical improvements on phototrichogram methodology to evaluate the differences between these two groups. BACKGROUND: Objectives: This study was performed to quantify Koreans' hair characteristics at each site (vertex, occipital, temporal) of the scalp according to the age and to compare the differences of hair characteristics of AGA and normal adults using phototrichogram. METHODS: Hairs in the precisely defined circle at each (vertex, temporal, occipital) site of the scalp in 37 AGA male patients and 15 healthy male volunteers were evaluated according to age. Each circumscribed area of the scalp, centered with a dot tattoo to ensure reproducibility, was photographed just after shaving, and named 'primary image'. Two days later, the same area was again photographed, and named 'secondary image', from which the hair density and the grouping pattern of hair follicular units were determined by the image analyzer program. RESULTS: The results can be summarized as follows: 1. In normal adult males, the range of hair density was 117~13/cm2~140~16/cm2, with the hair density of the occiput being significantly higher than that of the temple. No significant differences in hair density were shown between vertex and occiput. 2. In AGA male patients, the range of hair density was 102~23/cm2-137~17/cm2, and the differences of the hair density between vertex and occiput were statistically significant. 3. The numbers of grouped hair units per square centimeter in the non-bald adult male group ranged from 59~11/cm2 to 73~14/cm2. The most common grouped hair unit was a 2-hair unit, followed by a 1-hair unit and a 3-hair unit group. 4. In the AGA group, the numbers of grouped hair units per square centimeter ranged from 57~6/cm2 to 72~12/cm2, showing no significance with the control group. The most common grouped hair unit was a 1-hair unit, followed by a 2-hair unit and a 3-hair unit group. CONCLUSIONS: The AGA group compared remarkably with the normal adult male group, showing a lower hair density with a larger proportion of 1-grouped hair units. Based on the data about hair density and hair grouping patterns in AGA patients, surgeons can estimate the area of donor scalp with the most probable number of follicular units in hair trans-plantation procedures.
Adult ; Alopecia* ; Hair* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Scalp* ; Tissue Donors ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: In this retrospective study, we attempted to evaluate the treatment outcome and the prognostic factors of thymoma treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1979 and 1998, 55 patients with thymoma were treated at the Seoul National University Hospital. Of these, 11 patients underwent surgery only, 33 patients received postoperative radiotherapy and 11 patients received radiotherapy only. Twenty-three patients had gross total resection and 21 patients subtotal resection. For postoperative radiotherapy, the radiation dose consisted of 41.4-55.8 Gy. The average follow-up was 64 months, and ranged from 2 to 160 months. The sex ratio was 1:1 and the median age was 48 years (15-74 years). Overall survival and disease-free survival were determined via the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank was employed to evaluate for differences in prognostic factor. RESULTS: The five- and 10-year survival rates were 87% and 65% respectively, and the median survival was 103 months. By univariate analysis, only stage ( p=0.0017) turned out to be significant prognostic factors of overall survival. Also, stage ( p=0.0007) was significantly predictive for overall survival in mutivariated analysis. CONCLUSION: This study showed the stage was found to be important prognostic factors, which influenced survival. Especially, as incomplete resection is related with poor results, complete resection is important to cure the invasive thymoma.
Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Survival Rate ; Thymoma* ; Treatment Outcome*

The lack of sufficient oral mucosa available for intra-oral reconstruction has been dealt with by the use of skin or oral mucosa grafts harvested from donor sites but grafts requires more than one surgical procedures and could cause donor site morbidity. Many investigators have attempted to increase available soft tissue by tissue engineered skin or oral mucosa replacements for clinical applications. But, reconstructed mucosa by several methods have low physical properties such as rolling and contraction. The aims of this study were to develope an in vitro experimental model that maintains an epithelial-mesenchymal interaction by organotypic raft culture, and to characterize biologic properties of three-dimensionally cultured oral mucosa embedded with Polydioxanone mesh by histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The results were as follows; 1. Oral mucosa reconstructed by three-dimensional organotypic culture revealed similar morphologic characteristics to equvalent normal oral mucosa in the point that they show stratification and differentiation. 2. The expression of cytokeratin 10/13 and involucrin in the cultured tissue showed the same pattern with normal oral mucosa suggesting that organotypic co-culture condition is able to induce cellular differentiation. 3. After insertion of polydioxanone mesh, increased tensile strength were observed. These results suggest that three-dimensional organotypic co-culture of the oral mucosa cell lines with the dermal equvalent consisting type I collagen and fibroblasts reproduce the morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics similar to those in vivo condition. And increased physical properties by use of polydioxanone mesh will helpful for clinical applications.
Cell Line ; Coculture Techniques ; Collagen Type I ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Keratins ; Models, Theoretical ; Mouth Mucosa* ; Mucous Membrane ; Polydioxanone* ; Research Personnel ; Skin ; Tensile Strength ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants