No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Theophylline*

PURPOSE: The periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) tends to increase the risk of developing motor neurologic sequelae, delayed cognitive development, visual impairment, and epilepsy. Although several developmental screening test methods are being used, one of the oldest and best known developmental screening test was restandardized and revised as Denver Development Screening Test II(Denver II). The objective of this study is to analyse the correlation between the degree of PVL on MRI and the results of Denver II. METHODS: Among the children brought into Pusan National University Hospital between January 1996 and August 1999 with developmental delay, all of the 36 children with PVL on MRI were selected for the study. Denver II was checked in all these patients for screening of developmental delay with the review of medical records. Depending on the grade of PVL, total sample was classified into three groups, and it was based on abnormally increased signal intensity in periventricualr white matter or a reduced amount of periventricular white matter or both, and compensatory focal ventricular enlargement. We analysed the relationship of the grade of PVL and the results of Denver II. RESULTS: The 36 total patients were composed of 22 boys and 14 girls, with the age distribution between 11 to 72 months and the mean of 34.4 months. Delayed occurrence of gross motor sector were 5 cases(44.4%) in group 1, 16 cases(80.0%) in group 2, 7 cases(100.0%) in group 3. Incidence of delay was significantly higher in the high grade PVL group. Delayed rate of other sectors(fine motor-adaptive, personal-social) were higher in the high grade PVL group. But it was not statistically significant. Delayed rate of language sector has no correlation with grade of PVL on MRI. CONCLUSION: Incidence of dealy of gross motor sector was significantly higher in the high grade PVL group. However, language sector has no correlation with grade of PVL on MRI.
Age Distribution ; Brain* ; Busan ; Child ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mass Screening* ; Medical Records ; Vision Disorders

No abstract available.
Empyema* ; Typhoid Fever* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: To compare the effect of nerve regeneration with infiltration of normal saline and nerve growth factor after vein graft to the resected sciatic nerve of rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five experimental groups: orthotopic nerve graft as control group, inside-in vein graft with normal saline infiltration, inside-out vein graft with normal saline infiltration, inside-in vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration and inside-out vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration group. Animals of each group were sacrificed after electromyography at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. Also the light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed to observe histologic change of grafted sites. RESULTS: This study demonstrates that autogenous vein graft serves as a conduit for nerve regeneration, and inside-out vein graft technique and nerve growth factor induce faster and more numerous axonal regeneration and earlier recovery of muscle power. CONCLUSION: Inside-out vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration is supposed to be a promising technique to take the place of autogenous nerve graft.
Animals ; Axons ; Electromyography ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Nerve Regeneration* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Sciatic Nerve* ; Transplants* ; Veins*

PURPOSE: To compare the effect of nerve regeneration with infiltration of normal saline and nerve growth factor after vein graft to the resected sciatic nerve of rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five experimental groups: orthotopic nerve graft as control group, inside-in vein graft with normal saline infiltration, inside-out vein graft with normal saline infiltration, inside-in vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration and inside-out vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration group. Animals of each group were sacrificed after electromyography at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. Also the light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed to observe histologic change of grafted sites. RESULTS: This study demonstrates that autogenous vein graft serves as a conduit for nerve regeneration, and inside-out vein graft technique and nerve growth factor induce faster and more numerous axonal regeneration and earlier recovery of muscle power. CONCLUSION: Inside-out vein graft with nerve growth factor infiltration is supposed to be a promising technique to take the place of autogenous nerve graft.
Animals ; Axons ; Electromyography ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Nerve Regeneration* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Sciatic Nerve* ; Transplants* ; Veins*

PURPOSE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is regarded as a potent mediator of angiogenesis, vascular permeability and tumor cell growth in renal cell carcinoma. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of VEGF, microvessel count (MVC) and to determine their prediction efficacies for prognosis in conventional renal cell carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, the relationship between the expression of VEGF and MVC were evaluated in 60 patients with conventional renal cell carcinomas who underwent a radical nephrectomy at our hospital from 1990 to 2000. Microvessels were identified by immunostaining of endothelial cells for CD-31 antigen. The Kaplan-Meier method and log rank tests were used for univariate analysis, and Cox regression was also used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: VEGF was expressed on the tumor cell cytoplasm. Of 60 tumors, 23 (38.3%) were weak to strong positive for VEGF. VEGF positivity correlated with microvessel count. Mean MVCs were significantly higher in VEGF-positive tumors (19.5+/-10.4) than in VEGF-negative tumors (11.2+/-7.5). Expression of VEGF was significant correlated to stage, and MVC. The five-year survival rate was 47.2%, in VEGF positive patients, and 81.9% in VEGF negative patients (log rank p=0.02). The five-year survival rate according to MVC, the low microvessel density group (<10/HPF) was 87.5%, and the high microvessel density group (>=10/HPF) was 53.9% (log rank p=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that expression of VEGF (hazard ratio=0.3, p=0.03) and MVD (hazard ratio=0.15, p=0.01) have a prognostic predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that expression of VEGF and MVC may be appreciated as a prognostic factor in conventional renal cell carcinoma.
Capillary Permeability ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cytoplasm ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microvessels ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

We report the case of a 17-year-old girl who presented with an indentation in the right ventricle caused by an incomplete pericardium on preoperative 3-dimensional reconstructed computed tomography. She was to undergo surgery for a partial atrioventricular septal defect and secundum atrial septal defect. Preoperative electrocardiography revealed occasional premature ventricular beats. We found the absence of the left side of the pericardium intraoperatively, and this absence caused strangulation of the diaphragmatic surface of the right ventricle. After correcting the lesion, the patient’s rhythm disturbances improved.
Adolescent ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Ventricles* ; Humans ; Pericardium* ; Ventricular Premature Complexes