No abstract available.
Animals ; Capsaicin* ; Goblet Cells* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Pregnancy*

Moyamoya disease is a rare progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by blocked arteries at the base of the brain in an area called the basal ganglia. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Clinically, this disease is found with a higher incidence in young female, but there are few cases of moyamoya disease in pregnancy. The disease primarily affects children, but it can also occur in adults. in children. The first symptom of moyamoya disease is often stroke, or recurrent transient ischemic attack, frequently accompanied by muscular weakness or paralysis affecting one side of the body, or seizures. Adults most often experience a hemorrhagic stroke due to recurring blood clots in the affected brain vessels. The diagnosis of moyamoya disease is made on the basis of angiographic findings and threatment of Moyamoya disease is surgery, or conservative management. We report a case of moyamoya disease that presented as intracerebral hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage during pregnancy complicating severe preeclampsia.
Adult ; Arteries ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Muscle Weakness ; Paralysis ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Seizures ; Stroke

Moyamoya disease is a rare progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by blocked arteries at the base of the brain in an area called the basal ganglia. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Clinically, this disease is found with a higher incidence in young female, but there are few cases of moyamoya disease in pregnancy. The disease primarily affects children, but it can also occur in adults. in children. The first symptom of moyamoya disease is often stroke, or recurrent transient ischemic attack, frequently accompanied by muscular weakness or paralysis affecting one side of the body, or seizures. Adults most often experience a hemorrhagic stroke due to recurring blood clots in the affected brain vessels. The diagnosis of moyamoya disease is made on the basis of angiographic findings and threatment of Moyamoya disease is surgery, or conservative management. We report a case of moyamoya disease that presented as intracerebral hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage during pregnancy complicating severe preeclampsia.
Adult ; Arteries ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Muscle Weakness ; Paralysis ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Seizures ; Stroke

Extracranial meningioma arises from ectopic arachinoidal cells and common sites of these tumors are orbit, scalp, upper respiratory tract, and parotid region. Extracranial meningioma of paranasal sinus is rare. This tumor shows various histological findings and is diagnosed by combination of CT, MRI, angiography, and pathological findings. Treatment of choice is surgical excision. Recently, we experienced a case of meningioma involving ethmoid sinus which was completely excised by endoscopic sinus surgery. So, we report our experience of ectopic meningioma of ethmoid sinus with a brief review of the literature.
Angiography ; Ethmoid Sinus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma* ; Orbit ; Parotid Region ; Respiratory System ; Scalp

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychiatric characteristics of outpatients with tinnitus. METHODS: A total of 88 subjects were included in this study. According to Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scores, the subjects were classified into two group ; a mild tinnitus symptoms (mild-tinnitus) group and a severe tinnitus symptoms (severe-tinnitus) group. A questionnaire was used for an assessment of demographic characteristics, and the THI, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) about tinnitus, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) are applied for evaluation of other clinical psychiatric characteristics. RESULTS: Higher THI scores were positively correlated with tinnitus course, the number of accompanying symptoms, and the VAS. BDI total scores, BDI factors, and BAI total scores were significantly higher in the severe-tinnitus group than in the mild-tinnitus group. Also suicidal ideation, interpersonal problems, sleep problems, occupational impairment, and fatigue were significantly higher in the severe-tinnitus group than in the mild-tinnitus group. CONCLUSIONS: Tinnitus is a common disorder of hearing which is associated frequently with psychiatric problems. This study suggests that psychiatric interventions should be taken into consideration in the treatment of patients suffering from tinnitus.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Fatigue ; Hearing ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Suicidal Ideation ; Tinnitus*

PURPOSE: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a versatile immunosuppresive agent used to prevent graft rejection syndrome and treat autoimmune disease. One of the major side effects associated with CsA is the abnormal gingival hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mRNA expression of the MMP-1, TIMP-1, and TGF-beta1 and the concentration of CsA in cultured human gingival keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gingival keratocytes were obtained from gingival tissues of 4 healthy donors. The cultured gingival keratocytes were incubated with increasing concentrations of CsA (0-2000 ng/ml) for 24 hours and the expression of MMP-1, TIMP-1, and TGF-beta1 were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The expressions of MMP-1 and TGF-beta1 were not significantly different according to the concentrations of CsA. The expression of TIMP-1 was significantly increased at the CsA concentration of 500 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the gingival hyperplasia induced by CsA was more related with TIMP-1 than MMP-1 or TGF-beta1 on gingival collagen metabolism in patients treated with CsA.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Collagen ; Cyclosporine ; Gingival Hyperplasia ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Separation of symphysis pubis during vaginal delivery is rare condition with incidence ranging from 1/500 to 1/30000 deliveries. The injury is caused by fetal head exerting pressure on pelvic ligaments that have been relaxed by progesterone and relaxin. The separation might be associated with considerable pain, swelling and tenderness over the pubic area. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and X-ray findings. The condition is treated conservatively with bed rest, analgesics and physical therapy. Prognosis is exellent. We experienced 3cases of separation of symphysis pubis during vaginal delivery and report these cases with a brief review of literature.
Analgesics ; Bed Rest ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Incidence ; Ligaments ; Progesterone ; Prognosis ; Relaxin

Adolescent ; Dentistry ; Dentofacial Deformities ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Root Resorption ; Tooth

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Electrolyte transport by nasal epithelia has been suggested to be important for controlling the quantity and composition of the nasal fluid and may play an important role in the development of nasal polyps. One of various mechanisms involving translocation of Na+ and Cl- across cell membranes includes electroneutral processes, such as Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) and Cl-/HCO3- exchange (AE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study evaluated the presence of mRNAs for various members of the human NHE and AE gene families in human inferior turbinate mucosa and nasal polyp using RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The mRNA for NHE1 was detected in human turbinate mucosa and nasal polyp while the mRNAs for NHE2 and NHE3 could not be detected in all samples examined. Of the AE isoforms, AE2 mRNA was expressed in inferior turbinate mucosa but not in nasal polyp. In situ hybridization revealed that NHE1 mRNA in the turbinate mucosa and nasal polyp was localized in the epithelial layer and submucosal glands. AE2 mRNA was also expressed in the epithelial layer and in the submucosal glands of inferior turbinate mucosa. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the expression of AE2 mRNA is altered in nasal polyp, compared with inferior turbinate mucosa, suggesting that the altered expression of these genes in nasal polyp may cause impaired electrolyte and water transport across the epithelial cells.
Cell Membrane ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Mucosa* ; Nasal Polyps ; Protein Isoforms* ; RNA, Messenger* ; Turbinates