No abstract available.
Humans ; Spondylolisthesis*

The authors report a case of acute nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma which extending from C4 to C6. A 70-year-old woman was presented with neck pain and left hemiparesis. T1-weighted magnetic resonance image revealed a mass isointense to the spinal cord and the mass was slightly enhanced after administration of gadolinium. T2-weighted images revealed high signal in the left posterolateral part of the spinal canal at the level of C4-C6. Evacuation of an epidural hematoma was performed with laminectomy. The pathological examination did not reveal any malformation within this hematoma. The patient showed complete recovery of the deficits. Medical investigation yielded thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly derived from liver cirrhosis. Thrombocytopenia and mechanical factor may be considered as etiologic factors in this case.
Aged ; Female ; Gadolinium ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal* ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Neck Pain ; Paresis ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord ; Spine* ; Splenomegaly ; Thrombocytopenia

Cerebral vascular reserve capacity was evaluated by acetazolamide activated 99m Tc-HMPAO brain SPECT in 17 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Abnormal reactivity of the vascular reserve capacity correlated very well with the prognosis of these patients. This study would also help to make decision of the surgical timing for the ruptured aneurysm. In patients with normal response to acetazolamide activated vascular reactivity, vasodilatory drug such as calcium channel blocker is recommaned for the treatment of vasospasm. This study should be done as early as possible during the period of vasospasm to aid in the diagnosis, and in treating the vasospasm. Although this study has a minimal transient side effect of acetazolamide such as dizziness there was no major complication.
Acetazolamide* ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Brain ; Calcium Channels ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

No abstract available.
Hematoma* ; Orbit*

Congenital leukemia is a rare disease developing within the first 4 to 6 weeks of life, whose natural history is quite different from that of childhood and adult leukemia. Leukemia cutis occurs in 25% to 30% of infants with congenital leukemia and is more frequently associated with acute myeloid leukemia than acute lymphocytic leukemia. We report a case of congenital leukemia cutis in which a walnut-sized, slightly erythematous, dome-shaped tumor that had developed at left frontal area since birth was confirmed by skin biopsy. A review and analysis of Korean literature pertaining specially to leukemia cutis in congenital leukemia is presented along with the report of an additional case.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Natural History ; Parturition ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Rare Diseases ; Skin

Superficial siderosis is a rare condition characterized by hemosiderin deposition in leptomeninges, subpial tissue, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord, and cranial nerves. Slowly progressive hearing loss and gait ataxia are invariable clinical manifestations. We report three patients with their clinical and radiological features. All patients presented with hearing loss and cognitive dysfunction. Two showed gait ataxia and myelopathic symptoms and signs. Decreased visual acuity, hand tremor, limb ataxia, dysarthria, and nystagmus were also present. All patients showed typical MRI findings: marked linear hypointensities around the cerebellum, brainstem, and the surface of the cerebral cortex, especially in sylvian fissures. Two patients had brain tumors : pituitary adenoma and oligodendroglioma. Another patient had no definite bleeding source. Hemosiderin deposition is caused by chronic and recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage derived from tumor, vascular malformation, aneurysm, posthemispherectomy, and unknown bleeding sources. Diagnosis is easily made by characteristic clinical manifestations and MRI findings. The selective vulnerability of the cerebellum and the 8th cranial nerve depends upon their own histological and biochemical characteristics. Benefits of the iron chelating agents are questionable. Removal of the possible bleeding sources is the most reliable strategy to prevent the disease progression.
Adenoma ; Aneurysm ; Ataxia ; Brain Neoplasms ; Brain Stem ; Cerebellum ; Cerebral Cortex ; Cranial Nerves ; Diagnosis ; Disease Progression ; Dysarthria ; Gait Ataxia ; Hand ; Hearing Loss ; Hemorrhage ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Iron Chelating Agents ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Oligodendroglioma ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Siderosis* ; Spinal Cord ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Tremor ; Vascular Malformations ; Visual Acuity

The authors report four cases of ependymal cysts. Among the benign cystic lesions of neuroepithelial origin, ependymal cysts have been reportedly located in the cerebral parenchyme. This usually become symptomatic after 40 years of age, although it is generally thought to be congenital in origin. Symptomatic cases have been treated effectively with resection of the cyst or shunting procedures. Stereotactic removal of the cyst was also a good alternative as management in the authors' cases. Differential diagnosis is mandatory with other benign intraparenchymal cystic diseases.
Diagnosis, Differential

No abstract available.
Ganglioglioma*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to correlate the MR findings with clinical stage and clinical outcome, and to describe the evolutional changes of abnormal MR findings of transverse myelitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and spinal MR images of 23 patients with both clinical and radiological diagnosis of transverse myelitis were retrospectively reviewed. MR findings were correlated with clinical stages including interval between MR imaging and full development of clinical symptoms, and compared with the clinical outcome. RESULTS: Diffuse high signal intensity of the spinal cord on T2-weighted image with mild cord bulging (67%) and focal contrast enhancement of the cord (75%) were observed within the first four weeks after full development of clinical symptoms. The findings decreased in extent or vanished later than four weeks on either initial or follow-up MR images. Most patients with either cord atrophy or focal hemorrhagewithin the cord lesion had poor clinical outcome. CONCLUSION: The MR findings of transverse myelitis are nonspecific, which may be seen in a variety of diseases. Serial MRIs, especially follow up examination over at least one month after full development of clinical symptoms are useful in the diagnosis of transverse myelitis and predicting its prognosis.
Atrophy ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord