Leiomyomas of the vagina is a rare tumor, with 300 cases reported in the world literature. We experienced a case of leiomyoma of the vagina, and present it with a brief review of the literatures.
Leiomyoma* ; Vagina*

The effect of 0.25% and 0.5% Timolol on intraocular pressure and concentration in aqueous humor was studied after topical instillation in the white rabbit. The intraocular pressure was measured with pneuma tonometer and the Timolol concentration in aqueous humor was measured with High Preformance Liquid Chromatograph after fine needle aspiration of aqueous humor at various time intervals. The results were as follows; 1. The percentage reduction of intraocular pressure increased with time and reached a peak after 3 hours. 2. The concentration of Timolol in aqueous humor increased with time and reached a peak after 3 hours. 3. There was close correlation between intraocular pressure and Timolol concentration in aqueous humor.
Aqueous Humor* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Timolol*

No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Methylmethacrylate*

A clinicostatistical study was made in 405 cases who were admitted to department of pediatrics, general surgery, urology, gynocology of N.M.C. for abdominal surgery from 1973 to 1978 and following results were obtained. 1. Distribution and incidece of surgical abdomen diseases showed acute appendicitis 107 cases(26.4%), inguinal hernia 82 cases(20.2%), intussusception 73 casese(18.0%) and intestinal obstructuction due to congenital origin 47 cases(11.6%). 2. Male was more predominant than female in proportion of 2.32:1. Age distribution revealed highest frequency in 10-15 years with 125 cases(30.8%) followed by 1 month to 1 year with 105 cases(25.9%). 3. In 47 casess of intestinal obstruction due to congenital origin, 3 common diseases were imperforated anus 14 cases, congenital megacolon 12 cases and congenitalpyloric stenosis 12 cases. 4. In 19 cases of acquired intestinal obstruction except intussusception and inguinal hernia, the most common cause was adhesion 10 sease(52.6%). 5. In 30 cases of abdominal mass, wilm's tumor was the commonest with 8 cases(26.7%). 6. In 19 cases of intestinal bleeding and perforation, accidental injury was the commonest cause with 12 cases(63.2%). 7. Highest incidence of diseases in relation to age group were as follows: newborn infant: intestinal obstruction due to congenital origin(96.7%), 1 month-1 year: intussusception (55.7%), 1-2year and 2-6year; inguinal hernia(46.3% and 50.0%), 6-10years and 10-15years; acute appendicitis(52.1% and 61.2%). 8. Overall mortality rate was 6.2%(25 out of 405 cases) and the highest mortality rate was noted in congenital anomaly with 23.1%(12 out of 52 cases).
Abdomen* ; Age Distribution ; Anal Canal ; Appendicitis ; Child* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception ; Male ; Mortality ; Pediatrics ; Urology ; Wilms Tumor

A great number of operative techniques has been described about the correction of the prominent ears. The most primary deformity of the prominent ears comes from an underdeveloped or unfolded antihelix, which results in widening of the conchoscaphal angle and/or flattening of the superior crus, and which, in severe forms, involves antihelical body and inferior crus. Most authors manage the prominent ear deformity by excising, suturing, scoring, or sculpturing the auricular cartilage. We carried out a modified quilting suture technique in order to produce an antihelix. This technique provides several advantages; 1) it prevents the bowstring of the suture material during the formation of the helix; 2) the procedure is easy and time-saving; 3) the reconstructed ear shows reliable results in firmness and stability against external force or trauma; 4) the recurrence rate is not more than that of the conventional methods.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear Cartilage ; Ear* ; Recurrence ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures*

Plasmodium vivax malaria re-emerged in South Korea in 1993, and epidemics continue since then. We examined genetic variation in the region encompassing the apical membrane antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) of the parasites by DNA sequencing of the 22 re-emerging P. vivax isolates. The genotype of the PvAMA-1, which was based on sequence data previously reported for the polymorphic regions, showed that two haplotypes were present at one polymorphic site. Compared with reported data, the two types, SKOR type I and type II, were similar to Chinese CH-10A and CH-05A isolates, respectively. Thus, the present study showed that two genotypes of AMA-1 genes coexist in the re-emerging Korean P. vivax.
Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Female ; Genotype ; Human ; Korea ; Malaria, Vivax/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism (Genetics) ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of revision cochlear implant (CI) surgery for better speech comprehension targeting patients with low satisfaction after first CI surgery. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eight patients who could not upgrade speech processors because of an too early CI model and who wanted to change the whole system were included. After revision CI surgery, we compared speech comprehension before and after revision CI surgery. Categoies of Auditory Performance (CAP) score, vowel and consonant confusion test, Ling 6 sounds, word and sentence identification test were done. RESULTS: The interval between surgeries ranged from eight years to 19 years. Same manufacturer’s latest product was used for revision surgery in six cases of eight cases. Full insertion of electrode was possible in most of cases (seven of eight). CAP score (p-value=0.01), vowel confusion test (p-value=0.041), one syllable word identification test (p-value=0.026), two syllable identification test (p-value=0.028), sentence identification test (pvalue=0.028) had significant improvement. Consonant confusion test (p-value=0.063), Ling 6 sound test (p-value=0.066) had improvement but it is not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are some limitations of our study design, we could identify the effect of revision (upgrade) CI surgery indirectly. So we concluded that if patient complain low functional gain or low satisfaction after first CI surgery, revision (device upgrade) CI surgery is meaningful even if there is no device failure.
Cochlear Implants ; Comprehension ; Electrodes ; Equipment Failure ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the academic achievement of the first year medical students at Gachon University of Medicine and Science based on their characteristics (i.e. age, gender, and academic degree types (bachelors/masters), field of major (biology/ non-biology), and admission variables (i.e. MEET, GPA, attitude, interview, and English test). METHODS: The admission scores and demographic information were obtained from 39 students who had entered the university in 2005. T-test was used to examine the differences in academic achievement according to the students' characteristics. Correlations between admission variables and academic achievements were examined while multiple regression analysis was used to decipher the influence of students' characteristics and admission variables on the academic achievements. RESULTS: This study showed that the academic achievements differed significantly depending on degree level, age, and field of study, but not gender. It was also found that both the Nature Science Reasoning (NSR) of MEET subscale score and GPA score correlated significantly with academic achievement in the first year students. Attitude, interview, and English test scores did not correlate significantly. The result of the multiple regression analysis revealed that NSR 1 and 2, field of major, and age accounted for a substantial amount of the variance in academic achievement. CONCLUSION: Students with higher scores in NSR 1 and 2 who majored in biology-related fieldsand who are younger tend to do better academically in their first year of medical school. The results of this study may be helpful to graduate medical schools in designing effective admissions strategies for recruiting students, as well as, in planning the curriculum to improve the academic achievements of medical students.
Curriculum ; Humans ; Schools, Medical* ; Students, Medical

Aortic dissection is clinically suspected from the typical symptoms and signs and may be confirmed by computed tomography or aortography. But atypical presentations can be seen in a minority of cases, such as SVC syndrome, right pulmonary artery stenosis etc. We present a case which was initially suspected to be a right atrial tumor because of a large filling defect in the right atrium on radionuclide angiocardiography but finally confirmed to be dissection of ascending aorta by computed tomography.
Angiocardiography ; Aorta ; Aortography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Heart Atria ; Pulmonary Artery

A technique for Thallium-201 imaging after two separate injections of the tracer, which took less than I hour, was performed to evaluate if this technique could be used clinically as a noninvasive screening test of angina pectoris. 29 patients who complained of chest pain were included in this study: 18 patients were proven to have coronary artery disease by coronary angiography and 11 patients had normal coronary arteries. With the patient supine at rest, 1.0 mCi of Thallium was injected intravenously and imaging was performed in the anterior and 50degrees left anterior oblique projections for a preset time according to Okada's protocol. Immediately after acquisition of the rest images, without moving the camera head, an infusion of dipyridamole was done at the rate of 0.14 mg/Kg/min for 4 minutes. Two minutes after stopping the infusion, 1.0 mCi of Thallium was injected intravenously and 50degrees left anterior oblique and anterior projection images were acquired. Images of the same projection were realigned using computer image registration approach (PDP-11/34 computer of DEC company). The rest image was then subtracted from the realigned dipyridamole image to produce an image representing perfusion during dipyridamole induced hyperemia (subtraction image). The results were as follows; 1) All of the subtraction images were of adequate quality for interpretation. 2) 16 cases in 18 patients of angina pectoris and 1 case in 11 normal control showed perfusion defects, so the over all sensitivity and specificity of the subtraction versus rest Thallium image technique for diagnosis of angina pectoris were 89% and 91%, respectively. 3) All patients (8 cases) whose left ventriculography revealed abnormality of regional wall motion showed perfusion defects in corresponding segments. But qualitative analysis of Thallium image could not predict if the patient whose Thallium image revealed perfusion defect has abnormality of regional wall motion. 4) segmental analysis was performed to know the association between the site of coronary artery stenosis and the perfusion defects in Thallium scan, which revealed the sensitivities for detecting stenosis of LCX, LAD & RCA were 50-60% in range and the range of specificities were 89-92%. 5) Adverse effects of dipyridamole were headache (2 cases) and chest pain (4 cases) but aminophylline was not needed in any case. In conclusion, split dose Thallium dipyridamole scan can be used as a noninvasive screening test of angina pectoris reducing the total duration of imaging to less than one hour. Futher applications of this technique may include the assessment of myocardial perfusion before and immediately after coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft and the evaluation of the impact of pharmacotheraphy on regional myocardial perfusion.
Aminophylline ; Angina Pectoris* ; Angioplasty ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis* ; Dipyridamole* ; Head ; Headache ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Mass Screening ; Perfusion ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thallium ; Transplants