No abstract available.

Breast feeding is one of many factors that have been associated with the development of lower respiratory tract illnesses. To assess the relation between breast feeding and subsequent experience of lower respiratory tract illness, we performed this study, retrospectively, on 366 infants who had been admitted to the pediatric ward, St. Francisco General Hospital, or had been brought to the well baby clinic from November, 1992 to March, 1993. The results were as foolows: 1) Among 366 infants, the number of all first illnesses observed at each interval were 259 cases (70.8%), of which 198 (54.1%) were associated with wheezing illnesses and 61 (16.7%) with non-wheezing lower respiratory illnesses. 2) Duration of breast feeding regardless of-whether other foods were given, was categorized as 3 grups, i. e., none or for less than a month (group), one to 4 months (group B), and 4 or more months (group C). Incidences of wheezing illnesses in the first 4 months of life were lower in group B(10.1%) and group C (8.4%) than group A (27.3%), respectively (p<0.01). Wheezing illnesses beyond 4 months of life and non-wheezing illnesses in all intervals seemed to be unrelated to the duration of breast feeding. 3) Considering a variety of other fisk factors, including sharing a room, parental childhood reapiratory trouble, sex and maternal education, children who received minimal breast feeding (group A) had the greater risk of early wheezing illnesses in the simultaneous exposure to sharing a room than group B and C (p<0.005). Our results suggest that decreased breast feeding is associated with a higher incidence of wheezing illnesses in the first 4 months of life, particularly in combination with other risk factors, such as sharing a room.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast* ; Child ; Education ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Parents ; Respiratory Sounds ; Respiratory System* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Humans ; Biomarkers, Tumor*

Sjogren's syndrome is a systemic disorder and characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xerostomia, and connective tissuedysfunction(arthritis). A 42 year-old Korean iemalehad progressive loss of visual acuity in both eyes. In addition she has dry eyes, dry mouth and arthritis of 8 years duration. Clinical findings include cornea punctate, filamentary karatitis and decreased lacrimal secretions of both eyes. A diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome was made. The karatoconjunctivitis siccawas treated with artificial tear and soft contact lens.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Cornea ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ; Mouth ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Tears ; Visual Acuity ; Xerostomia

No abstract available.
Immunoglobulin Light Chains* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The status of tumor suppression gene can be assessed indirectly by analyzing the loss of heterozygosity. Hepatoblastoma is a malignant liver tumor in childhood. To find the molecular carcinogenetic mechanism of hepatoblastoma, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of p73, APC and p53 was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hepatoblastoma tissues from thirty-three cases were collected by lobectomy or tumorectomy. On H- stained sections, normal and tumor cells were microdissected separately and LOH analysis was perfomed using 8 markers: six of p73, one of APC and one of p53. RESULTS: Number of cases showing at least one LOH in six p73 markers was four out of twenty- six (15.4%): each LOH frequencies in D1S160, D1S170, D1S199, D1S228, D1S243 and D1S253 were in order of 7.7%, 0%, 9.1%, 0%, 12.5% and 0%. LOH frequency of APC was 41.7% and that of p53 was 13.3%. CONCLUSION: Low LOH frequency of p73 related markers indicates that p73 gene may not be implicated in carcinogenesis of hepatoblastoma.
Carcinogenesis ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Liver ; Loss of Heterozygosity*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features of infectious keratitis in the western coastal area of Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. METHODS: We performed bacterial and fungal cultures in patients with findings of infectious keratitis. Any correlations between the culture results and the patients' place of residence, occupation, types of ocular trauma, contact lens wear, previous ocular disease, duration of treatment for complete recovery, time between the onset of symptom and beginning of treatment were evaluated. In addition, we assessed the antibiotic susceptibilities of the cultured organisms. RESULTS: We detected 34 (58.62%) among 58 cultures performed in 55 patients that were positive for organisms; 24 for Gram-positive bacteria, 17 for Gram-negative bacteria, 3 for fungi and 9 for polymicrobial infections. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) was the most frequent infection. The culture positivity rate was significantly higher (P=0.047) in patients with history of previous ocular disease but no correlations were detected with place of residence, type of ocular trauma or the timing of culture. The average treatment period was 33.95+/-30.59 days, which extended as the lesion size increased (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Pseudomonas species are considered to be the most frequent cause of infectious keratitis in Korea. However, in our study, CNS were the most frequent culture-positive organisms and visual prognosis was poorer in the culture-positive group.
Coinfection ; Fungi ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Keratitis ; Korea ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Occupations ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Prognosis ; Pseudomonas

Polyarteritis nodosa is systemic necrotizing vasculitis of medium and small-sized arteries and results in variable manifestations due to ischemia of the involving organs. Diagnosis can either be made pathologically by demonstrating necrotizing vasculitis of arteries or angiographycally by demonstrating small arterial aneurysm. We experienced a case of PAN with dilated cardiomyopathy, confirmed by clinical feature, renal biopsy, angiography and echocardiography.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Biopsy ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Ischemia ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Vasculitis

We measured corneal endothelial cell density of 100 normal eyes of 50 Korean volunteers on central, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal aspect, respectively. Non-contact specular microscopy were used for measurement. The data thus obteined were analyzed according to the following parameters: age, laterality, sex and location(central vs. peripheral). Corneal endothelial cell density showed gradual decrement with age, but no significant statistically differences with laterality and sex. The results showed a large difference in corneal endothelial cell density depending on the location, although they failed to show statistical significant(P>0.05).
Cell Count* ; Endothelial Cells ; Microscopy* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Anemia, Neonatal* ; Fetal Blood* ; Infant, Newborn