Twenty one units of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) were prepared from healthy volunteer blood donors, and each unit of the PRP was divided into two aliquots by using transfer bags. Using SEPACELLTM leukocyte-removal filters, each one aliquot of the PRP was filtered immediately after preparation, and the other aliquot was filtered after a 48-hour storage at a room temperature with continuous agitation. Belbre and after filtration, platelet numbers and two platelet activation markers, CD62 and CD63, were measured using hematologic autoanalyzer and'flow cytometry, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. The platelet numbers in the PRP were reduced after filtration. 2. On the point of the preparation of PRP, the mean percentage of CD63-posititve platelets(s32.86+/- 11.3.5%) was highehr than that of CD62-positive platelets(14.63+/-11.22%). 3. When filtered immediately after preparation of PRP, the CD62-positive platelets were significantly reduced(13.23+/-10.43%), however, CD63-positive platelets were not significantly reduced(29.83+/-11.05%). 4. After 48-hour storage, both two activation markers were increased, and the markers were significantly higher in the PRPs stored after filtration than in those stored without filtration. In conclusion CD63 would be a more sensitive platelet activation marker than CD62, and the platelets expressing CD62 seemed to be removed more than those expressing CD63 during filtration.
Blood Donors ; Blood Platelets* ; Dihydroergotamine ; Filtration ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Platelet Activation* ; Platelet Count

c-erbB-2 oncogene is a normal cellular proto-oncogene coding transmembrane glycoprotein structurally similar to the epidermal growth factor receptor. Amplification of this oncogene in a variety of human adenocarcinomas has been reported and is particularly well documented in breast carcinoma. It has been suggested that amplification of this oncogene is indicative of poor prognosis and is valuable only second to the lymph node status. Using immunohistochemical staining for the c-erbB-2 protein, overexpression of this protein was analysed in 228 primary breast cancer specimens and the frequency of overexpression and the relationship between overexpression and the other established prognostic variables are evaluated. Ninty three cases out of 228 cases(40.8%) show postive oncoprotein overexpression and using the chi-squared test for a trend, a significant correlation was found between c-erbB-2 protein staining and the histological grade, lymph node status, and estrogen receptor status(P<0.05). No significant association was found between staining and the patient's age and tumor size. Most of the tumors with histological types known to have good prognosis showed negative expression. Above findings strongly suggest that expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene is another independent indicator of poor prognosis in breast carcinoma.
Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Breast Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular*

No abstract available.
Dacarbazine*

Although it is well known that ultraviolet and short wavelength visible rays are harmful to the human lens and the retina, consumers still tend to select sunglasses on the basis of fashion rather than protective quality. In order to provide guidelines for selecting appropriate sunglasses, we studied the mechanism of phototoxic damage and UV protective quality of commonly used sunglasses. Commonly used sunglasses were chosen by random sampling, and their UV transmittance was examined by spectrophotometer using neutral density filter method. UV transmittance was shown to be 3.0% to 40.8% and there was no significant relationship between UV transmittance and the tint or darkness of the sunglasses.
Darkness ; Humans ; Retina

No abstract available.
Enterocolitis, Neutropenic* ; Leukemia*

We report a case of histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis in a 5-year-old male. The patient has complained of multiple erythematous indurated palques with tenderness on the lower abdomen, periocular areas, left forearm and both thighs associated with high fever for 45 days. Hepatosplenomegaly and enlarged lymph nodes were found. Laboratory data revealed pancytopenia, elevation of liver enzymes and prolon gation of PT and PTT. Histopathologic findings of subcutaneous plaque taken from the left forenrm showed lobular panniculitis with fat necrosis and some phagocytic histiocytes containing erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes and nuclear debris, that had the appearance of bean bag. There found no atypical histiocytic infiltrations or cellular pleomorphism.
Abdomen ; Child, Preschool ; Erythrocytes ; Fat Necrosis ; Fever ; Forearm ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Pancytopenia ; Panniculitis* ; Thigh

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of diabetic camp program on depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem of the juvenile diabetic patient who had participated with diabetic camp program at Seoul and Kyung In area from August 5 to August 9, 1995. Nursing staffs explained them how to respond to the questionnaire of depression. self-efficacy and self-esteem prior to beginning the program and following the program. The questionnaire of depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem was developed by both diabetes mellitus nurse specialist and pediatric nursing professors in reference with the previous research. Response items of the questions were structured as yes or no for the elementary school students and that of the questions were structured as 5 likert scale for the both middle and high school students. Paired t-test was used for the significance of the difference between values before and after the diabetic camp program. Depression decreased following the program, while self-esteem increased significantly following the program in elementary school students. There was no change in self-esteem, while self-efficacy increased significantly following the program in middle and high school students. Self-efficacy following the program was high as the frequency of exercise increased in the elementary school students. Self-efficacy prior to the program was high as the experience of diabetic education increased in the middle and high school students. Self-efficacy and self-esteem prior to the camp was highly correlated with that following the camp in middle and high school students. The result suggests that diabetic camp program could be on of ways to decrease depression and to increase self-efficacy of the diabetic children.
Adolescent* ; Child* ; Depression* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Education ; Humans ; Nursing Staff ; Pediatric Nursing ; Seoul ; Specialization ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the role experiences of occupational health nurse. The research question was "what are daily experiences in practice?" METHODS: The data were collected through the focus-group interviews with nine occupational health nurses and analyzed by the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998). RESULTS: The core category on occupational health nurse role experience was named as "struggling alone with the dual role". The causal conditions included 'unfamiliar area' and 'new work'. The contextual conditions included 'overload of work', 'tasks beyond OHN job' and 'disharmony with colleagues'. The intervening conditions were analyzed as supportive factors and discouraging factors. There were action/interaction strategies 'getting information about tasks', 'working as a professional', 'establishing a cooperative relationship', 'seeking help' by trying to regulate the phenomenon. Finally they succeed in 'establishing the identity' and 'feeling proud', but sometimes they could be 'suffering from low morale', or 'considering turnover'. CONCLUSION: Through these results, it can be explained that occupational health nurses have been exerting themselves to establish their role with various situation through the conflicted context. Based on the findings, we suggest developing the diverse continuing education programs to be tailored for OHN's needs and reinforcing the occupational health services under the legal and political support.
Education, Continuing ; Focus Groups ; Nurse's Role ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Health Nursing ; Occupational Health Services

No abstract available.
Creatine Kinase* ; Electrophoresis*