PURPOSE: This study tried to explore factors influencing on job maintenance of the mentally disabled who employed before. The subjects of this study were the mentally disabled who participated in community mental health center and social rehabilitation center, there had experienced a job in the past. METHODS: The number of community centers were 27 places, there were located in different region. The number of participants were 221 persons agreed to this study. Data was analyzed by Mean, SD and logistic regression analyzation using SPSS/WIN 14.0. RESULTS: General character such as age was significant factor. Monthly pay and working a day in the midst of job related factors were significant. Moreover, job rehabilitation program satisfaction rate and social support revealed significant factors. CONCLUSION: On the basis of results, Job rehabilitation programs for job maintenance of the mentally disabled should be development and establish mediate strategies to improve social support to them.
Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health ; Mentally Disabled Persons ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Rehabilitation, Vocational

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy*

No abstract available.
Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular*

The incidence of pancreatic trauma is increasing and still remains a major source of morbidity and mortality. We have graded the pancreatic trauma on CT according to its pattern into four grades. We also determine the accuracy of CT in the evaluation of pancreatic trauma and the role of CT for delineation of pancretic ductal injury which is critical factor in outcome of pancreatic trauma. CT correctly diagnosed the pancreatic trauma and its traumatic pattern and severity in 22 of 25 cases. Pancreatic enlargement was the most common findings observed in 19 cases. Other findings were 15 cases of intrapancreatic low density hematoma, 12 cases of parenchymal fracture which were predilected in pancreatic neck area. CT grade III and IV could predict the pancreatic ductal injury, and was well correlated with severity of posttraumatic pancreatitis, duration of admission days and incidence of complications. So we concluded that CT can play a definite role for diagnosing and determining the prognosis of pancreatic trauma.
Diagnosis* ; Hematoma ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Neck ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Meningitis, Aseptic*

The purpose of this study was to estimate the nutrient intake, dietary habits, and body indices among preschool children. The study subjects were 166 kindergarten children, aged 4 to 6 years. A measurement of the weight, height, chest circumference, and head circumference of the children was conducted. The general home environment and factors related to the eating habits of children were collected using a questionnaire that included information about physical activity, outdoor playing time, television watching, family income, and parents education and occupations. Underweight, overweight were defined based on a value of less than 110 and more than 140 on the Rohrer Index, or less than 90 and more than 120 on the weight-length index (WLI). The average Rohrer and WLI for the preschool children were 144.3 +/- 23.2% and 104 +/- 13.5%. Using the WLI, 12.7% of the preschool children were underweight, 62.6% were normal, and 24.7% were overweight or obese. On the Rohrer Index, 32.0% of the preschool children were underweight, 34.7% were normal, and 34.1% were overweight or obese. With regard to frequency of regularity of eating breakfast, 2.5% of preschool children skipped breakfast every morning. The risk of being overweight increased in preschool children who had faster eating times. The Rohrer and WLI were negatively related to faster eating times. The average daily energy intake was 1272 kcal, which corresponded to 79.5% of the Korean RDA. In particular, the average intakes of calcium, iron, and vitamin B2 were much lower than the Korean RDAs for each of those nutrients. Children whose mothers had occupations were at greater risk of decreased nutrient intake than those whose mothers were at home. The data presented in this study confirm that, in preschool children, undernutrition remains the nutritional problem of great concern in Korea, even though Koreans are starting to have worrisome rates of overweight. Therefore, during the early years of life, focus should remain on sustaining proper growth and development.
Breakfast ; Calcium ; Child ; Child, Preschool* ; Eating* ; Education ; Energy Intake ; Food Habits ; Growth and Development ; Head ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea ; Malnutrition ; Mothers ; Motor Activity ; Occupations ; Overweight ; Parents ; Riboflavin ; Television ; Thinness ; Thorax ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections* ; Roxithromycin*

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the intention to report child abuse of emergency room nurses based on the health belief model. Methods: This was a descriptive study that used a cross-sectional design. A total of 188 emergency room nurses working at general hospitals with more than 300 beds in Seoul participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: Correlations and regression analyses showed that the perceived severity (β=.14, p=.024), perceived barrier (β= -.25, p<.001), and self-efficacy (β=.31, p<.001) were factors influencing emergency room nurses’ intention to report child abuse, and the explanatory power of the model was 33.0%. conclusion The results of this study related to the health belief model, being a valid theoretical basis for child abuse reporting intention research, significantly suggest new research directions in the future. In addition, to increase the nurses' intention to report child abuse in the emergency room, the influencing factors identified in this study can be utilized and develop specific interventions using the health belief model.

Computed tomographic (CT) scans of 46 jaundiced patients were studied to determine the value of CT in the diagnosis of biliary pathology. AII ofthe 12 cases of medical jaundice had positive CT correlation. Of the 34 cases of proven surgical jaundice, 97 .8% were correctly identified by CT. In detecting the level of obstruction, the cases were divided into four groups by anatomica l segments, according to the number of visualized low density ringlike structures produced by dilated bile duct. All of the correctly diagnosed surgical jaundice was 91.2%. The presence of stones or mass, the level of obstruction and the relative size and shape of visualized distal ring had proved to be the most important variables in etiological diagnosis of surgical jaundice. The results indicate that CT is useful and highly accurate in differenting between surgical (obstructive) jaundice and medical (non-obstructive) ajundice, and determining the level of obstruction and the etiology of surgical jaundice.
Bile Ducts ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Pathology

BACKGROUND: Phantom limb sensation is an unusual position sense of the extremity during nerve block that the position of extremity is misinterpreted as being flexed, or elevated, when actually they are in neutral position. Whether it is from the fixation of proprioceptive input at the time of motor blockade or from unmasking of the pattern which has been already present in the CNS is still controversial. We perfomed this study under the assumption that phantom limb sensation can still be reproduced without the influence of position at the time of nerve blockade. METHODS: Thirty-six patients scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery were randomly assigned. For 26 patients, spinal anesthesia was performed with hyperbaric 0.5% tetracaine or bupivacaine at lateral decubitus position and the position was changed to supine immediately. Existence of phantom limb sensation and the level of anesthesia was recorded at 10 and 20 minutes after injection of local anesthetics. For 10 patients, same local anesthetics were injected after patient's legs were straightened in lateral decubitus position. RESULTS: Forteen out of 26 patients whose position were changed to supine immediately after the injection of local anesthetics experienced phantom limb sensations. Five out of 10 patients whose legs were kept straight before the injection of local anesthetics experienced phantom limb sensations. Previous history of trauma was positively related to the expression of phantom limb sensation. CONCLUSION: Our data showed that the expression of phantom limb sensation is reproducible. And this was not related to the position at the time of spinal anesthesia. Trauma seems to be an important factor related to the expression of phantom limb sensation.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Extremities ; Humans ; Leg ; Nerve Block ; Orthopedics ; Phantom Limb* ; Proprioception ; Sensation* ; Tetracaine