Laureth 9 is a nonionic surfactant and it is used as a sclerosing agen; in the treatment of esophageal and gastric varices and a local anesthetics. We report a 20-year-old male patient presenting with features of alergic contact dermatitis due to laureth 9 used in the oxoralen, ointment.
Anesthetics, Local ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis continues to be a major threat to health throughout the world, with an estimated 8 to 10 million new cases and 3 million deaths annually. And control of the disease is further threatened by the emergence of drug resistance. Recent major advances have been made in unravelling the molecular basis of M. tuberculosis resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, quinolones and rifampin. And rifampin resistance is the useful indicator for the occurance of the multi-drug resistance. Hence, the rapid detection of rifampin resistant strain of M. tuberculosis is the key to have successful anti-tuberculosis therapy. Here we present our experience using PCR and line probe assay (INNO-LiPA) for easy and rapid detection of rifampin resistance of M. tuberculosis. METHODS: Thirty rifampin resistant and twenty susceptible strains of M. tuberculosis were collected from the routine culture and analyzed with INNO-LiPA. And results were compared with conventional antibiotic susceptibility testing. After amplification of the region of the RNA polymerase(rpoB), the amplified product is hybridized with a set of 10 oligonucleotides immobilized onto a membrane strip. From the pattern obtained the presence or not of rifampin resistance M. tuberculosis can be assessed. RESULTS: Ninety three percent of patients who had rifampin resistant strain revealed the multidrug resistance while only two showed resistance to rifampin only. The INNO-LiPA test results were generally agreeable with that of the conventional susceptibility testing(90%). The mutations in codon 531 (absence of 55 probe) were most commonly observed. In 55.2% of the 31 rifampin resistance M. tuberculosis confirmed on mutation by R-probes on the INNO-LiPA strips. CONCLUSIONS: The line probe assay after polymerase chain reaction is a fast and convenient method to detect both presence of M. tuberculosis complex strains and its resistance to rifampin in clinical specimens. We have suggested that detection of rifampin resistance may play a key role in monitoring multi-drug resistance. Consequently, the INNO-LiPA test may constitute an important tool for the control of tuberculosis.
Codon ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; Isoniazid ; Membranes ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Oligonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Quinolones ; Rifampin* ; RNA ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis

A clinical and histologic survey was done on 71 cases of basal cel carcinoma(BCC) filed at Department of Clinical Fathology, Kang Nam, Han Kang, and Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital during past 13 year s from 1979 to 1991. The results were summerized as follows: 1. Of all malignant skin tumors BCC accounted for 31.6%. The frequency of BCC in the total number of outpatients visiting the Department of Dermatology was 0.06%. 2. The ratio of men to women with HCC was 1:1.03. 83.8% of the pat.ients with BCC were older than the age of l0 years with the mean age of 56.9 years. 3. 83.8% of the BCC appared in the face, especially on the nose(25.4%), eyelid(20.3%). 4. On the basis of classification of Lever et al, the solid type(66.7% ) was the most com mon histologic pattern, followed by the adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification of Farmer et al, the nodulocystic type(35.1% ) was the most common histologic pattern followed by infiltrative(31.6%), adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification on Sexton et al, in the order of decreasing frequency, liistologic subtypes were the nodular(43.9%), mixed (22.8%), infiltrative(19.3%), supeficial(3.5%), morpheic(3.5%), and micronodular(3.5%).
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Skin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of resilience and job placement on general hospital nurse's intention to relocate, prepare a practical transfer management plan, and provide basic data on effective personnel management. METHODS: Data were collected from 333 nurses in 2 general hospitals with more than 500 beds in P-city. Data analysis was performed using hierarchical regression with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. RESULTS: The significant factors influencing turnover intention of hospital nurses were sacrifice, fit, link, interpersonal relationship, followed by experience of turnover. Explanatory power was 42% in the regression model. CONCLUSION: Resilience and job embeddedness have a positive effect on turnover intention in general hospital nurses. Therefore, efforts to improve resilience, job embeddedness, and organizational support are required to decrease turnover intention.
Hospitals, General ; Intention ; Personnel Management ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: To analyse complications and to review usefulness of large needle(18G) in percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 46 patients underwent PTBD in 52 occassions using large needle. 44 of 46 patients had either definite or suspicious malignant biliary obstruction, and most patients were poor in general dondition. Complications were classified as acute type if developed within 30 days and as delayed type if developed after 30 days. Acute type was subdivided into severe and mild forms. RESULTS: Severe forms of complications were death(5.8%), septicemia(3.8%), and bile peritonitis(1.9%). There were not different from the rate of complication in PTBD using fine needle but the procedure was much more simple. CONCLUSION: We PTBD using large neddie is a simple and safe procedure for prompt bile decompression.
Bile ; Decompression ; Drainage* ; Humans ; Needles*

No abstract available.
Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational stress and coping styles on burnout of clinical nurses. METHODS: The participants in this study were 397 nurses, working at the hospitals in Seoul, Gangwon, and Gyongbuk provinces. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from November, 2009 to January, 2010. The SPSS WIN 13.0 version program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The most significant predictors of burnout were positive reappraisal and work load. Work load, resource inadequacy, role ambiguity, and indifference coping style positively correlated with burnout. Positive reappraisal and problem-focused coping styles negatively correlated with burnout. CONCLUSION: The study results indicate that it is important to reduce work load, resource inadequacy, and role ambiguity in nurses and to strengthen their positive reappraisal and problem-focused coping styles to prevent burnout. This could be achieved with job redesign, modification of shift work systems, and by offering burnout prevention program.
Surveys and Questionnaires

Tego (dodecylic aminoethyl glycine HCl) is an antiseptic detergent used abroad in hospitals, food industries, public baths, and for cleaning machinery. Allergic contact dermatitis may occur in hospital operating-room personnel, swimming instructors, and deep-sea divers. We present two cases of allergic contact dermatitis to Tego in two siblings after dressing the accidental abrasion with Tego . The patch test results showed a strong positive reaction to 0.1% Tego.
Bandages ; Baths ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Detergents ; Food Industry ; Glycine ; Humans ; Patch Tests ; Siblings* ; Swimming

The estimation of age is an important issue in forensic science, and the forensic community has attempted many times to establish methods for solving this issue. Aging leads to alterations in tissues and organs at the molecular level. These alterations at the molecular level may aid forensic scientists to estimate the age of a living person or a dead body. Initially, the focus was on the genetic components of aging, but recently, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as the key contributors to the alterations in genome structure and function that accompany aging. In particular, DNA methylation is one of the best-understood mechanisms, and it has been suggested as a promising biomarker for age estimation in many studies. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on age-associated DNA methylation changes in different tissues and discuss its possible and practical applications in forensics.
Aging ; DNA ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenomics ; Forensic Sciences ; Genome ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study is to understand experienced trauma of North Korea refugees before entering in South Korean and know how to connect their traumatic experience with the present life. METHODS: 5 members of North Korea refugees were recruited and approved by the producer of phenomenological and heuristic Human Becoming Methodology of Parse in this study. RESULTS: Mental care service for refugees is needed because North Korea refugees were suffered from post traumatic stress for many years after entering South Korea. CONCLUSION: According to the mental health expert, North Korea refugees would be understood in the viewpoint as Human being in the environment and it is necessary to the remedial intervention to maintain their hope of future simultaneously.
Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea ; Mental Health ; Qualitative Research ; Refugees* ; Research Design*