Exogenoue exposurea to pathogenic fungi have been suggested as causes of acute atta.eks of tinea pedis. Psthogenic fungi is rarely present on the skin aurfaces without cauaing definite and characteristic reactions. However, it was suspected by eome observers that pathogenic fungi might be more or liesa normal inhabitant of the human skin. Alterations in host susceptibility and loss, of local immunity are more to blame than new exposure to exogenous micro-ganisms. To determine this point, fungal culture was done from the fourth toe web of 824 high school students. The results of the study were summarized as follows,' l. Among 824 cases, 780 cases(94.7%) had grossly normal appearing toe web and 44 cases(5,3%) were suspected superficial fungal infection. 2. Positive rate of KOH examination was 4.6%(36,'780) in normal toe web and 45.4%(20/44) in dermatophytic lesion. 3, The positive rate of fungal culture from normal and infected toe web are 7.9 %(62/780) a.nd 40.9%(18/44), respectively. In the normal toe web, Trichophyton rubrum(66.1%), T, entagrophytea(include T. interdigitaLe) and Epidermophyton, floccosum(3.2%) were isolated. In the dermatophytic lesion, T. rubrurn(88.8%) and T. me ntagrophytes(11.2% ) w ere isolated. Although toe webs do not present clinical symptoms and signs, pathogenic fungi as a normal inhabitant can be isolated from clinically normal toe webs. Some of these cases, therefore, will develope to tinea pedis in time.
Epidermophyton ; Fungi ; Humans ; Skin ; Tinea Pedis ; Toes* ; Trichophyton

Duodenal diaphragm is a rare congenital anomaly among the congenital duodenal obstructions. Its symptom and sign usually appear since birth if obstruction is complete. The clinical manifestations of incompletely obstructive duodenal diaphragm are intermittent vomiting, abdominal pain and poor weight gain. Diagnosis may be delayed in this case. Authors experienced a case of incomplete duodenal diaphragm with a central hole. A 29 months old girl presented failure to thrive, intermittent episodes of bloating, abdominal discomfort and occasional vomiting. The patient vomited every 10-14 days, then the abdominal pain and distention were relieved. She overate for about 10 days until the next projectile vomiting. The vomitus frequently contained food ingested several days previously. Plain x-ray films of abdomen showed marked gastric distention. Upper gastrointestinal series revealed marked distention of the duodenum with windsock configuration and radiolucent line at the third portion of the duodenum. On gastroscopic examination, gastric bezoar impacting the pyloric canal and antrum was noted. At operation, we found mucosal membrane in the third portion of the duodenum and bezoar(Chinese cabbage) above the membrane. Side-to-side duodeno-jejunostomy was performed and bezoar was removed. She was discharged on the 13th postoperative day without any complication.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Bezoars ; Bulimia* ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Diaphragm* ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Failure to Thrive ; Female ; Humans ; Membranes ; Parturition ; Vomiting ; Weight Gain ; X-Ray Film

No abstract available.
Obesity, Morbid* ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*

We report a case of a large asymptomatic Rathke cleft cyst in a 14-year-old boy. This cyst was of considerable size, measuring 2x1.8x1.8 cm, but did not produce any symptoms and was confined to the suprasellar area. The cyst wall was lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells. The lining epithelium of the Rathke cleft cyst was immnoreactive for cytokeratin, EMA and CEA.
Cysts

We report herein two cases of pachyonychia congenita in 19-month-old and 7-year-old girls. In addition to severely deformed nails, both had white plaques on the tongue and keratotic papules on the elbows and knees. In the 19-month-old girl, her father showed deformity of the nails and severe hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, The family history was normal in other case.
Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Knee ; Nails, Malformed* ; Pachyonychia Congenita* ; Tongue

We herein report a case of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in a 36-year-old male patient, who had a solitary nodular skin lesion on the left supraclavicular area. The histopathologic findings showed typical features of KS as spindle cell proliferation and vascular spaces lined with endothelial cells. The patient's serum was positive for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and he had opportunistic infection of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. The WBC count was 1,200/mm3 and CD4 count was 50/mm3 with decreased CD4/CD8 ratio to 0.06. He died due to an aggravated respiratory infection.
Adult ; Antibodies ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Endothelial Cells ; HIV ; Humans ; Male ; Opportunistic Infections ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The alphaB-crystallin, which is a member of small heat shock protein (sHSP), was initially identified as a component of a vertebrate eye lens protein, and also shown to be expressed in non-lenticular tissues including cardiac muscles and the central nervous system. Recently, it was demonstrated that alphaB-crystallin expression was increased in the brain of patients suffering various neurological diseases including Alzheimers disease. In the current study, we examined in detail the time-course of alphaB-crystallin expression in the region of neuronal loss and in activated glia cells in hippocampus of the KA-treated mouse brain. The alphaB-crystallin was expressed in pyramidal layer and in oligodendrocytes of hippocampus 1 day after KA-treatment, which was similar to that in normal mice. The alphaB-crystallin expression began to be increased 2 days after KA-treatment and reached peak induction, especially in astrocytes in the CA3 area of hippocampus 4 days after KA-treatment. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-alphaB-crystallin and anti-GFAP antibodies revealed that the induction of alphaB-crystallin was localized in the activated astrocytes, prominently in the CA3 region of hippocampus where a severe neuronal death was undergoing. The results suggested that alphaB-crystallin might play a role in reactive gliosis and/or in delayed neuronal death proceeded in KA-induced epileptic brain.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Astrocytes ; Brain* ; Central Nervous System ; Crystallins ; Gliosis ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Hippocampus* ; Humans ; Kainic Acid ; Mice* ; Myocardium ; Neuroglia ; Neurons ; Oligodendroglia ; Vertebrates

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the knowledge, health belief, and vaccination behavior on hepatitis A among university students. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from 3(rd) to 25(th) March, 2014 and 197 subjects were enrolled in statistical analysis. RESULTS: The result showed that the score for knowledge of the subjects on hepatitis A was 4.59±3.06 out of 15 points, for health belief 2.39±0.28 out of 4 points, and the vaccination rate of the subjects was 12.7%. There was significant difference in hepatitis A knowledge score according to experience of hepatitis A check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members, and in health belief according to gender. For hepatitis A vaccination there was significant difference according to experience of hepatitis A check-up, family history of liver disease, hepatitis A vaccination history of family members, and education history of hepatitis A. As a result of logistic regression analysis experience of hepatitis check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members were significant factors for hepatitis A vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge, health belief for hepatitis A of the subjects was low and vaccination rate also low. The experience of hepatitis A check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members were factors affecting hepatitis A vaccination. It would be necessary to develop programs for improving level of knowledge and health belief and raising the rate of hepatitis A vaccination for the university students in Korea.
Education ; Hepatitis A* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Logistic Models ; Vaccination*

Nerve injury-induced protein-1 (Ninjurin-1, Ninj1) was initially identified as a novel adhesion molecule in rat sciatic nerve and to be up-regulated in neurons and Schwann cells of distal nerve segments after nerve transection or crush injury. Recently, Ninj1 was found to act as a modulator of cell migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that innate immune response plays beneficial and deleterious roles in brain ischemia, and the trans-endothelial migration of blood-derived immune cells is key initiator of this response. In the present study, we examined the expression profile and cellular distribution of Ninj1 in rat brain after transient focal cerebral ischemia. Ninj1 expression was found to be significantly induced in cortical penumbras 1 day after 60 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and to increase gradually for 8 days and then declined. In infarction cores of cortices, patterns of Ninj1 expression were similar to those observed in cortical penumbras, except induction was maintained for 10 days. At 1 day post-MCAO, Ninj1 inductions were detected mainly in neutrophils and endothelial cells in both infarction cores and penumbras, but reactive macrophages were the major cellular expressers of Ninj1 at 4 days post-MCAO. Expressional induction in reactive macrophages was maintained in infarction cores after 12 days post-MCAO but not in penumbras. These dynamic expressions of Ninj1 in different immune cells at different times suggest that this protein performs various, critical roles in the modulation of acute and delayed immune responses in the postischemic brain.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain Ischemia* ; Brain* ; Cell Movement ; Endothelial Cells ; Immunity, Innate ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Macrophages ; Myeloid Cells* ; Neurons ; Neutrophils ; Rats* ; Schwann Cells ; Sciatic Nerve

Nerve injury-induced protein-1 (Ninjurin-1, Ninj1) was initially identified as a novel adhesion molecule in rat sciatic nerve and to be up-regulated in neurons and Schwann cells of distal nerve segments after nerve transection or crush injury. Recently, Ninj1 was found to act as a modulator of cell migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that innate immune response plays beneficial and deleterious roles in brain ischemia, and the trans-endothelial migration of blood-derived immune cells is key initiator of this response. In the present study, we examined the expression profile and cellular distribution of Ninj1 in rat brain after transient focal cerebral ischemia. Ninj1 expression was found to be significantly induced in cortical penumbras 1 day after 60 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and to increase gradually for 8 days and then declined. In infarction cores of cortices, patterns of Ninj1 expression were similar to those observed in cortical penumbras, except induction was maintained for 10 days. At 1 day post-MCAO, Ninj1 inductions were detected mainly in neutrophils and endothelial cells in both infarction cores and penumbras, but reactive macrophages were the major cellular expressers of Ninj1 at 4 days post-MCAO. Expressional induction in reactive macrophages was maintained in infarction cores after 12 days post-MCAO but not in penumbras. These dynamic expressions of Ninj1 in different immune cells at different times suggest that this protein performs various, critical roles in the modulation of acute and delayed immune responses in the postischemic brain.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain Ischemia* ; Brain* ; Cell Movement ; Endothelial Cells ; Immunity, Innate ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Macrophages ; Myeloid Cells* ; Neurons ; Neutrophils ; Rats* ; Schwann Cells ; Sciatic Nerve