No abstract available.

The most efficient method for reducing the organic content of dilute liquid waste is by aerobic-biological treatment. Basically, the organisms responsible for treatment possess the ability to decompose complex organic compounds and to use the energy so liberated for their bodily functions : reproduction, growth, locomotion and so on. That part of organic matter used to produce energy is converted to the essentially stable end pro ducts of carbon dioxide, water and ammonia, while the remainder is converted to new cells which can be settled and thus removed from the liquid before the waste is discharged to the receiving body water. Oxygen must be supplied continuous ly during the aerobic process. In the field of sewage treatment the Warburg respirometer is used mainly for the measurement of the oxygen uptake of samples. In this experiment the Warburg constant volume respirometer was used to determine the oxygen uptake by the bacteria in the presence of various glucose concentrations. The rate of oxygen uptake by the bacteria was expressed as the respiratoty quotient. The results indicated that the oxygen uptake was proportional to the glucose concentration. The expecting equation of the regression line was Y=7.7 0.12X, where Y : respiratory quotient, microliter. O2 taken up/mg. dry wt. bacterium/hr. X : concentration of glucose, mg/l
Ammonia ; Bacteria* ; Body Water ; Carbon Dioxide ; Glucose* ; Locomotion ; Oxygen ; Reproduction ; Sewage ; Water

No abstract available.
Esophageal pH Monitoring* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux*

Familial Renign Chronic Femphigus(FRCP) is rare, persistent and vesicobullous genodermatoai. Three casee of FRCP with typical clinical and histapathological findings are reported. The first case of FBCP was 27-year-oId man who had recurrent episodes of grou vesicles and rust with miId pruritue at the posterior neck, in both axillae and in inguinal area for 10 years. The second case was 49-year-old woman with skin lesions of recurrent persistent. vesicles, pustules on the erythematous skin, crust and lichenification on the flexural area of extrimeties, axillae, ingumal and neck area for 10 yeara. The third case was 49-year-old male patient who had recurrent pruritic grouped vesicles with crust on the neck and axillary area. In all three patients, skin eruptions usually began and or aggravated in the spring or summer and tend to heal spontaneously in the autumn and winter and showed positive Nikolsky sign. The only one case of the reported three casea had familiaI history of skin lesions similar to FRCP. Histopat,holag;ic finding of biopsy specimens from the vesicular eruption showed auprabasal vesiculation with acantholysis, lacunae and villi formation in all 3 cases.
Acantholysis ; Axilla ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Skin

PURPOSE: This study aims to test the validity and criteria-related reliability of the Korean version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ-K) assessing the psychosocial working environment. METHODS: The COPSOQ-K was developed through forward-backward translation techniques, and revision based on feedback from focus groups. Survey data were collected from 311 office workers who worked in one workplace. An internal consistency reliability was estimated by Cronbach's alpha. The impacts of the COPSOQ-K scales on job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles, burnout, and sickness absence were analyzed with multiple regression model or multiple logistic regression model, adjusted age and gender using SAS version 9.3. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the COPSOQ-K scales and Korean job stress and its subdomain were identified. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha of COPSOQ-K scales was adequate or good (0.66~0.87). The major COPSOQ-K scales predict job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles burnout, and sickness absence. The major COPSOQ-K scales were correlated with Korean job stress and its subdomain. CONCLUSION: The COPSOQ-K scales have satisfactory reliability and criteria-related validity. The COPSOQ-K scales will be useful for the future studies and practices associated with psychosocial working environment.
Focus Groups ; Job Satisfaction ; Logistic Models ; Phenothiazines ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.

To a patient suffering from intractable pain due to the terminal state of cervix cancer, 7% phenol-glycerine solution was injected through the L2-L3 interspace. We obtained a good result of pain relief, but motor paralysis developed.
Humans ; Pain, Intractable ; Paralysis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, previously called bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma is a dominantly inherited disorcler and usually manifested by blisters at or shortly after birth. We report a case of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis in 9 year old girl vrho developed generalized erythema &: easily eroded vesicles at birth. Later the skin lesions progresed to characteristic thick, grayish-dark brown verruform cais, affecting predominantly flexural and intertriginous areas. Fiistologic findings show typical granular degeneration.
Blister ; Child ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Erythema ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic* ; Parturition ; Skin

we report a case of elastosis perforans serpiginosa associated with pseudoxanthoma e1asticurn on t:he neck of 27-year-old male patient. The lesions showecl erythematous scaly hyperkeratotic papules forming serpiginous pattern on yellowish elevated plaques. A skin biopsy specimen from the neck lesion revealed dense accurmulations of coarse elastic fibers partly cngulfed by epithelium in the papillary dcrrnis and increase cif short, irregulary clumped and degenerated clastic fibers in the middermis. On funduscopic exarnination, angioid streak is noted around the optic disk.
Adult ; Angioid Streaks ; Biopsy ; Elastic Tissue ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Optic Disk ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum* ; Skin

BACKGROUND: According to the areas and people that are examined, there are many differences in the prevalence of syphilis in Korea. However, the reactive rate of the serologi test for syphilis showed an increase in the 1960s, and it has deerea@sed from the beginning of the 1970s. OBJECTIVE: Comparing the results of tke serologic test for syphilis which lotad been performed for the 5 years(1987-1991) on the physical examines and pregnant women who were considered as healthy, with the results with normal people, who were considered as healthy, which had been already reported, we tried to observe the change of reactive rate of serologic test for syphili. METHODS: The serologic test for syphilis, including serum VDRL test and serum TPHA test, were carried out on 25,254 healthy adults(20,405 were physical examineea eamined at National Medical Center and 4,849 were pregnant women delivered at National Medical Cer ter). RESULTS: The reaetive rate of serum VDRL test was 0.8% in 25,25 the althy adults(physical examinees 0.8%, pregnant women 0.7%). There were no stistically differerces between the annual incidences. 85.5% of VDRL-reactive subjects showed low VDRL titers(below 1:4) by the quantitative serum VDRL test, The biologic false positive reaction of serum VDRL test was 29(19.5%) in 149 VDRL-reactive subjects, using serum TPHA test as a standard. CONCLUSION: This study suggested thai, there was a decrease in the prevslence of syphilis in Korea.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence* ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis*