No abstract available.
Humans ; Male* ; Nervous System*

No abstract available.
Erectile Dysfunction* ; Male

Although platelet have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the thrombotic disease, the platelet aggregability was not well studied in Korea. Author measured platelet aggregability in 103 clinical cases including 30 healthy volunteers to evaluate the platelet function and the effect of Aspirin and Dipyridamole on aggregability in Korean. 24 patients with cerebral thrombosis, 24 patients with ischemic heart disease and 25 patients with hypercholesterolemia were included for this study. Aggregation tests were performed at three final concentrations of epinephrine(10microM/L) and ADP(4 microM/L, 10 microM/L) with platelet aggregometer which was made by Chrono-Log Corp. in all cases. Platelet aggregations were measured in patients who were treated with Aspirin, Dipyridamole and combined treatment of Aspirin and Dipyridamole respectively. The following results were obtained. 1) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in the normal subjects induced by 10 microM/L epinephrine was 59.3+/-24.26%, 66.6+/-14.00% in Bm and 62.5+/-19.30% in B5 in induction by 4 microM/L ADP, and 77.2+/-8.99% in Bm and 76.6+/-9.83% in B5 in induction by 10microM/L ADP. 2) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with cerebral thrombosis induced by 10 microM/L epinephrine was 89.2+/-7.33%, 78.8+/-9.41% in Bm and 78.5+/-9.93% in B5 in induction by 4 microM/L ADP, and 86.4+/-7.69% in Bm and B5 in induction by 10 microM/L ADP. The results showed significantly elevated platelet aggergability than that of normal subjects(p<0.01). 3) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with ischemic heart disease induced by 10 microM/L epinephrine was 88.1+/-11.99%, 78.2+/-12.50% in Bm and B5 in induction by 10 microM/L ADP. The results showed significantly elevated platelet aggregability than that of normal subjects(P<0.01). 4) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with hypercholesterolemia induced by 10 microM/L epinephrine was 86.8+/-15.99%, 82.7+/-11.19% in Bm and 82.0+/-12.87% in B5 in induction by 4 microM/L ADP, and 88.5+/-11.47% in Bm and B5 in induction by 10 microM/L ADP. The results showed signifcantly elevated platelet aggregability than that of normal subjects(P<0.01). 5) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with thrombotic disease was studied by Dipyridamole administration. The platelet aggregability induced by epinephrine before administration was 90.9+/- 8.52% and after administration it was 78.9+/-15.68%, and the results showed that Dipyidamole lowered aggregability significantly. The platelet aggregability induced by 4 microM/L ADP before administration was 84.0+/-11.90% in Bm and B5 and after administration it was 78.0+/-11.44% in Bm and B5, and the results showed that Dipyridamole lowered aggregability but not significant. The platelet aggregability induced by 10 microM/L ADP before administration was 89.2+/-10.39% in Bm and B5 and after administration it was 80.5+/-8.44% in Bm and B5, and the results showed that Dipyridamole lowered aggregability significantly. 6) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with thrombotic disease was studied by Aspirin administration. The platelet aggregability induced by epinephrine before administration was 91.0+/-4.79% and after administration it was 47.6+/-17.72%. The platelet aggregability induced by 4 microM/L ADP before administration was 84.6+/-10.37% in Bm and B5 and after administration it was 72.6+/-11.85% in Bm and 65.3+/-15.97% in B5. The platelet aggregability induced by 10 microM/L ADP before administration was 84.9+/-6.30% in Bm and B5 and after adminstration it was 77.7+/-8.60% in Bm and 75.0+/-8.89%. The results showed that Aspirin lowered aggregability markedly. 7) The mean maximal platelet aggregability in patients with thrombotic disease was studied by combined administration of Aspirin and Dipyridamole. The platelet aggregability induced by epinephrine before administration was 86.7+/-13.77% and after administration it was 36.7+/-14.01%. The platelet aggregability induced by 4 microM/L ADP before administration was 81.5+/-12.93% in Bm and 80.6+/-14.15% in B5 amd after administration it was 54.7+/-17.27% in Bm and 44.6+/-21.17% in B5. The platelet aggregability induced by 10 microM/L ADP before administration was 87.8+/-10.11% in Bm and B5 and after administration it was 65.7+/-13.59% in Bm and 62.0+/-16.42% in B5. The results showed that combined administration of Aspirin and Dipyridamole lowered aggregability significantly and the results were lower than that of normal subjects. 8) The effects of combined treatment of Aspirin and Dipyridamole showed marked reduction of platelet aggregability than that of single treatment of Aspirin or Dipyridamole in thrombotic disease.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Aspirin* ; Blood Platelets* ; Dipyridamole* ; Epinephrine ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Korea ; Myocardial Ischemia

No abstract available.

To investigate role of autonomic nerves on penile erection and to further characterize the laboratory rat as animal model of penile erection, this experiment was performed by means of monitoring intracavernosal pressure following nerve stimulation in 46 rats. The results obtained were summarized as follows: Increased intracavernosal pressure as well as erection was observed following electrical stimulation( 1-10 volt, 0.5-5 Hz) on each autonomic nerve, although the hypogastric nerve required higher intensity of electrical stimuli than the parasympathetic nerve (pelvic or cavervnous nerve) to induce erectile response. Combined stimulation of the pelvic nerve and the hypogastric nerve resulted in synergistic increase of intracavernosal pressure. These results indicate the hypogastric nerve may have a potential role in mediation of penile tumescence as the parasympathetic(pelvic or cavernous) nerve and that this rat model would contribute to the further study of penile erection.
Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System ; Autonomic Pathways* ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Negotiating ; Penile Erection* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Male ; Penile Erection* ; Rats* ; Saponins*

No abstract available.

Nitric oxide (NO) is known to have a strong relaxant effect in various biological organs including blood vessels and corpus cavernosum. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of NO on penile erection in vivo. In 42 adult (250-350 gm) Sprague Dawley rats, we observed cavernosal and systemic response to cavernous nerve stimulation (1 Hz. 3-5 volt), intracavernosal injection of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor , L-arginine hydrochloride and guanylate cyclase inhibitor (methylene blue). Intracavernous injections of L-NOARG (0.000001M to 0.00lM, n=7) and L- NAME (0.000001M to 0.001M n=7) were found to suppress the nerve induced erection in concentration dependent manner. Subsequent intracavernous injection of L- arginine hydrochloride ( 0.0lM n=7) partially stored penile erection suppressed by L-NOARG (0.00lM) or L-NAME (0.00lM). Intracavernous injection of methylene blue (0.000001M to 0.000000lM n=7) suppressed both nerve induced erection and sodium nitroprusside (0.001M)-induced erection in concentration dependent manner. These results indicate that nitric oxide is a strong neurotransmitter that mediates penile erection, and that nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway is responsible for penile erection.
Adult ; Animals ; Arginine ; Blood Vessels ; Cyclic GMP ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Humans ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; Penile Erection* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Management of the small lower ureteral stone has been attempted by either transurethral manipulation or expectant therapy. To date, however, the choice of proper method has depended mostly on clinician's preference, and the effectiveness of the transurethral stone manipulation has remained controversial. Herein we evaluated the effectiveness of the transurethral stone manipulation, using with the Dormia dislodger, in 37 patients with lower ureteral stone less than 10mm in greatest diameter. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The overall success rate was 68% (25 of 37 patients); Immediate delivery of the stone was observed in 16 of 37 patients. In another 5 patients the stone was removed at the time when the indwelled ureteral catheter was taken out. In the remaining 4 patients the stone passed spontaneously within a week following the procedure. 2. Higher success rate was observed in smaller stone; 79% in less than 4 mm, 58% in 46 mm, and 33% in 610 mm in it's greatest diameter, respectively. 3. The morbidity rate was 8.1% (3 of 37 patients); In one patient a broken basket was retained in the ureter, which was removed at the time of ureterolithotomy. In another patient a ureteral stricture requiring periodic dilation was complicated. And in the other patient persistent hematuria was observed, which was relieved by conservative management. These results suggest that transurethral manipulation might have to be initially applied to unremittingly painful patients with small lower ureteral stone.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Methods ; Ureter* ; Urinary Catheters

The Bulbocavernous reflex is important in the neurological evaluation of patients with impotence or neurogenic bladder. Classically, this reflex has been elicited and estimated by manual stimulation of glans penis or clitoris. However, it is extremely subjective and minimal degrees of neuronal dysfunction cannot be detected. We have applied electrophysiologic testing technique to quantitative this reflex more objectively and to prepare normal data for the pathologic states. There were 15 adult male subjects without erectile disturbance and neuronal dysfunction studied by the electromyographic testing technique. The stimuli were delivered to the ipsilateral and contralateral penile shaft with a frequency of 1/sec., a pulse duration of 0.5 msec. and averaging of 64. The Results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Mean BCR latency was 35.6+/-1.6 msec. (28-45 msec.), and showed no statistical difference(p>0.5) among the value of different age groups. Ipsilateral and contralateral responses varied from each other by not > 2 msec. 2. Mean sensory threshold was 20 V (15-25 V), and showed no statistical difference(p>0.5) among the values of different age groups. 3. Mean pain threshold was 45 V (35-80 V), and showed no statistical difference(p>0.5) among the values of different age groups. 4. Mean reflex threshold was 40 V (30-60 V), and showed no statistical difference(p>0.5) among the values of different age groups. 5. In entire age groups, the latency diminished slightly as the stimulating voltage was increased.
Adult* ; Clitoris ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Female ; Humans ; Male* ; Neurons ; Pain Threshold ; Penis ; Reflex* ; Sensory Thresholds ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic