Objective To study the effect of chronic low dose soman on learning and memory and long term potentiation(LTP) of hippocampal slices. Methods Rat model was established by consecutive subcutaneous injection of soman(6-10 ?g?kg 1 , s. c, sig?14) for 14 days for Morris water maze test. Long term potential of synaptic transmission was observed in CA1 region by tetanization of the Schaffer commissural pathway in rat hippocampal slices. Results In the Morris water maze, latency to find a hidden platform was longer and the times of crossing the situation of platform and the time percent of swimming in northeast obviously decreased. In the experiment on hippocampal slice of rats in vitro by microelectrode method, the generation of long term potentiation was inhibited. Conclusion Chronic low dose soman may cause an evident learning and memory disturbance and decrease hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

Objective To analyse the survival time and related factors of patients with brain stem glioma who received 3DCRT.Methods Thirty-six patients with brain stem tumor were admitted from October 2004 to December 2008 and all received 3D-CRT with the dosage (50-54 Gy,25-30 f,5-6 weeks).During treatment,the patients’ outcomes were analyzed by observing the changes of symptoms,signs and adverse radiotherapy reaction and all of them were followed-up in the next 3 years.The survival data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meire method.Results The median survival time was 9 months in the 23 pediatric patients and 15 months in 13 adult patients.One-,two-and three-year survival rates between pediatric group and the adult group were 43.5 ％ (10/13) vs 76.9 ％ (10/13),26.1％ (6/23) vs 46.2 ％ (6/13),8.7 ％ (2/23) vs 38.5 ％ (5/13).Karnofsky performance scale score at admission (x2 =20.059,P =0.000),tumor site (x2 =17.585,P =0.000),growth pattern (x2 =21.247,P =0.000) were associate with survival time.Conclusion 3DCRT is an effective therapy to brain stem glioma,childhood onset,pontine glioma,diffusion style and Karnofsky performance scale less than 80 are risk factors of poor prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in evaluating the cardiac function in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracycline. Materials and Methods Thirty-two breast cancer patients were followed with three-dimensional echocardiography prechemotherapy (group A), 2 cycles (group B) and 4 cycles (group B) postchemotherapy to compare left ventricle global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circular strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS), early diastolic global area strain rate (EASR), and early diastolic 3D velocity (3DVe). Results GCS, GAS and EASR were signiifcantly lower in group C than group A (t=3.555, 3.692 and 3.590, P<0.01);EASR was lower in group B than group A with statistical significance (t=2.190, P<0.05). GLS, GRS and 3DVe were not significantly different among three groups (F=2.305, 1.957 and 1.205, P>0.05). EASR was negatively correlated with IVRT (r=-0.44, P<0.01); EASR was positively correlated with Em (r=0.49, P<0.01) and Em/Am (r=0.32, P<0.01). GSR was positively correlated with Sm (r=0.21, P<0.05). Conclusion Three-dimensional echocardiography sensitively detects the early changes in diastole function in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracycline.

This paper expounds the needs analysis and system design of traditional Chinese medical science and technology of sci-tech novelty search management system,discusses the architecture of the system and each functional module,and summarizes and discusses the meaning of this system when applied in sci-tech novelty search.

This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards

As one of the important founders of GAO's acupuncture academic school in YanZhao area, Professor GAO Yuchun 's experience of acupuncture for headache is summarized in this paper. In the opinion of Professor GAO, the treatment of headache should focus on eliminating evil and relieving pain, and the syndrome differentiation should be based on meridian differentiation, especially on three yang meridians of foot as well as liver meridian and kidney meridian. In the acupoint prescription, attention should be placed on strengthening the spleen and stomach. The midnight-midday ebb flow acupuncture is advocated. The combination between acupuncture order and movement of qi is emphasized. In the manipulation, the role of pressing hand, the stimulation during reinforcing and reducing methods, and needle-retention time are important. The breathing reinforcing and reducing method of acupuncture are also advocated.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Female ; Headache ; therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Middle Aged

Objective To detect the expressions of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer and their correlation,and discuss the clinical significance of peripheral blood micro-metastasis.Methods Total RNA was extracted from blood samples by TRIzol and was reverse transcribed into cDNA.The mRNA expressions of MMP-7 and hTERT were detected by real-time PCR.Results Positive mRNA expression of hTERT was found in 63 of 181 patients with colorectal cancer,while positive mRNA expression of MMP-7 was seen in 61 cases.The positive rates of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA had no significant differences in the patients' sex and age (P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (43.9 ％) was higher than that in the patients with moderately and well differentiated adenocarcinoma (27.8 ％) (x2 =4.873,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of HTERT mRNA in the patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (42.5 ％) was higher than that in the patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (24.0 ％) (x2 =6.591,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (39.6 ％) was higher than that in the patients with stage Ⅰ-1Ⅱ (25.3 ％) (x2 =4.014,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of hTERT mRNA in the patients with distant metastasis (53.3 ％) was higher than that in the patients without distant metastasis (28.7 ％) (x2 =9.059,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with distant metastasis(46.7 ％) was higher than that in the patients without distant metastasis (29.4 ％) (x2 =4.506,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of hTERT mRNA in the patients with positive CEA expression (52.6 ％) was significantly higher than that in the patients with negative CEA expression (30.1％) (x2 =6.735,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7mRNA in the patients with positive CEA expression (60.5 ％) was significantly higher than those in the patients with negative CEA expression (26.6 ％) (x2 =15.490,P ＜ 0.05).In the patients without distant metastasis,any of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA expression was thought to be blood micro-metastasis.The recurrence and metastasis rates after 6 months in the patients with blood micrometastasis (36.58 ％) were higher than those in the patients without blood micro-metastasis (7.14 ％)(x2 =13.027,P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence and metastasis rates after 12-month follow-up in the patients with blood micro-metastasis (68.29 ％) were higher than those in the patients without blood micro-metastasis (12.5 ％) (x2 =31.948,P ＜ 0.01).The sensitivity of combined detection was 80.00 ％,and the specificity was 79.03 ％ after 12-month follow-up.Spearman correlation analysis revealed that significant positive correlation existed between hTERT and MMP-7mRNA expression (r =0.341,P =0.000).Conclusion Detection of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA expression can be used as reliable markers to predict peripheral blood micrometastasis in colorectal cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Cervical intumescence is the earliest and easy attacking part of motor neuron disease (MND). With the development of patients'condition, cervical part and medulla oblongata region were involved early,and the trigemino-cervical reflex (TCR) was involved earliest.OBJECTIVE: To establish electromyography of TCR and analyze the value in the diagnosis of MND of the TCR.DESIGN: Case-control study.SETTING: Room of Electrophysiologic Study, Department of Neurology,Third Hospital, Peking University.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty MND patients,mainly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and 70 healthy volunteers who were examined at Third Hospital, Peking University from 2002 to 2005. MND patients accorded with the diagnostic standard of Spain El Escorial conference.METHODS: The subjects held the heads slightly raised when lying supine to make the sternocleidomastoid muscles contracted slightly. Electrical stimulation was applied to the infraorbital nerves and latency and amplitude of wave were recorded from the bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscles. The detecting instrument was Keypoint electromyography (EMG).The surface EMG activity was recorded via Ag/AgCl.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Latency of positive wave/ negative wave (P20/N30); square root of the ratio of the amplitudes, that is, value A.RESULTS: Stimulation of the infraorbital nerve on one side of controlled people produced bilateral positive and negative waves. In the MND group,7 patients showed normal (23.3%), 8 patients showed absence of wave (26.7%), 11 patients were delayed in latency (36.7%), and extreme asymmetry of reflection of the two sides was found in 4 patients (13.3%).In the MND group, the latency of positive and negative waves of TCR (P20/N30) was markedly longer than that in the normal control group,and the difference was significant. Square root of the ratio between the amplitudes after and before stimulation (square root of the ratio between peak to peak value and amplitude of wave before stimulation, that was,value A) was lower remarkably than that in the normal control group, and the difference was significant.CONCLUSION: The TCR can be reliably measured. It may help examine the cervical-bulbar lesion and diagnosing motor neuron disease in an early period.

Objective To establish the method of contact heat evoked potential(CHEP)and to explore the value of this evoked potential in pain testing of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 100 healthy volunteers and 30 patients were examined.The healthy volunteers were divided into 3 groups according to the length of their arms:(Group A:56.0～65.0 cm ;Group B :65.5～74.0 cm ;Group C :74.5～83.0 cm).A recently de- veloped heat-foil technique with a rapid temperature rising rate at 70℃/s was used to elicit pain and contact heat e- voked potentials.Contact heat was delivered via one circular thermode(diameter 27 mm,area 573 mm~2)and set at two intensity levels(49.5℃and 54.5℃)to three body sites:the thenar eminence,the dorsum of hand and proximal volar forearm.The subjects were asked to rate the pain with numerical rating scale after each stimulus and CHEP was recorded from Cz and Pz.The association between stimulus intensities and pain rating was explored,the main compo- nents of the evuked potential were watched.CHEP,sensory conduction velocity(SCV)and somatosensory evoked potentials(SEP)were performed in patients with hemi-anesthesia caused by cerebral infarction.Results The pain intensity ratings were 3.2?0.3 and 4.4?0.5 at thenar eminence,5.0?0.7 and 6.3?0.8 at the dorsum of hand and 5.3?0.6 and 7.2?0.5 at the proximal volar forearm when the temperature of 49.5℃and 54.5℃was applied, respectively;Three components,Cz/N550,Cz/P750 and Pz/P1000,were identified in the evoked potentials.Cz/ N550 and Cz/P750 appeared when the dorsum of hand and proximal volar forearm were stimulated.In contrast,Pz/ P1000 could be identified when nociceptors of thenar eminence and proximal volar fbrearm were excited.In the pa- tients with cerebral infarction,CHEP disappeared or became abnormal on one side,while SCV and SEP were normal on that side.Conclusion It was suggested that CHEP could be elicited reliably in the controls.CHEP is helpful in the assessment of analgesia in patients with cerebral infarction.

Objective To evaluate the value of preoperative ultrasonographic parameters in predicting the outcome of TURP.Methods A total of 202 patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (sBPH) entering our department for surgical therapy were prospectively recruited,with mean age of (65.5 ± 8.1) years,international prostate symptom score (IPSS) of 16.6 ± 8.1 and quality of life (QOL) score of 5 (3,6).Preoperative combined test of ultrasonography and urodynamics has found total prostate volume (TPV),transitional zone volume (TZV),transitional zone index (TZI),intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP),resistive index (RI),postvoiding residue (PVR),detrusor wall index (DWT),ultrasonic estimation of bladder weight (UEBW) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) to be (75.0 ±38.5) ml,(49.9 ± 32.4) ml,0.59 ±0.14,(17.2 ±5.0) mm,0.63 ±0.12,(132.7 ±97.8)ml,(16.3 ±7.9)mm,(44.8 ± 7.1)g and (6.1 ± 6.0)ml/s respectively.A 6-monthsfollow-up after standard TURP were applied including re-measurement of IPSS,QOL score and Qmax.The patients were classified into 2 groups of effective and ineffective after the recovery being stratified into 4 levels of none,fair,good and excellent.The influence of preoperative ultrasonographic parameters on surgical outcome was analyzed by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results The group of effective has 149 patients,with the preoperative TZI,IPP,RI,DWT and UEBW of 0.65 ± 0.27,(18.3 ± 3.1) mm,0.77 ± 0.18,(19.0 ± 5.0) mm and (46.6 ± 7.1) g,which were significantly higher than that of the group of ineffective (P ＜ 0.05) Lower RI,DWT and UEBW were found to be risk factors of unfavorable surgical efficacy (P ＜ 0.05) from multivariable analysis.The area under curve (AUC) of RI,DWT and UEBW in outcome prediction was 0.816,0.732 and 0.723 respectively from ROC curve,indicating the good predictive value of the 3 parameters with combined positive predictive value (PPV) of 96.3％.Conclusion RI,DWT and UEBW have favorable value in predicting TURP outcome.Measuring these parameters by preoperative ultrasonography might aid in determining the need for surgical intervention in sBPH patients.