Objective To study the effect of chronic low dose soman on learning and memory and long term potentiation(LTP) of hippocampal slices. Methods Rat model was established by consecutive subcutaneous injection of soman(6-10 ?g?kg 1 , s. c, sig?14) for 14 days for Morris water maze test. Long term potential of synaptic transmission was observed in CA1 region by tetanization of the Schaffer commissural pathway in rat hippocampal slices. Results In the Morris water maze, latency to find a hidden platform was longer and the times of crossing the situation of platform and the time percent of swimming in northeast obviously decreased. In the experiment on hippocampal slice of rats in vitro by microelectrode method, the generation of long term potentiation was inhibited. Conclusion Chronic low dose soman may cause an evident learning and memory disturbance and decrease hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

Purpose To investigate the value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in evaluating the cardiac function in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracycline. Materials and Methods Thirty-two breast cancer patients were followed with three-dimensional echocardiography prechemotherapy (group A), 2 cycles (group B) and 4 cycles (group B) postchemotherapy to compare left ventricle global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circular strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS), early diastolic global area strain rate (EASR), and early diastolic 3D velocity (3DVe). Results GCS, GAS and EASR were signiifcantly lower in group C than group A (t=3.555, 3.692 and 3.590, P<0.01);EASR was lower in group B than group A with statistical significance (t=2.190, P<0.05). GLS, GRS and 3DVe were not significantly different among three groups (F=2.305, 1.957 and 1.205, P>0.05). EASR was negatively correlated with IVRT (r=-0.44, P<0.01); EASR was positively correlated with Em (r=0.49, P<0.01) and Em/Am (r=0.32, P<0.01). GSR was positively correlated with Sm (r=0.21, P<0.05). Conclusion Three-dimensional echocardiography sensitively detects the early changes in diastole function in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracycline.

Objective To analyse the survival time and related factors of patients with brain stem glioma who received 3DCRT.Methods Thirty-six patients with brain stem tumor were admitted from October 2004 to December 2008 and all received 3D-CRT with the dosage (50-54 Gy,25-30 f,5-6 weeks).During treatment,the patients’ outcomes were analyzed by observing the changes of symptoms,signs and adverse radiotherapy reaction and all of them were followed-up in the next 3 years.The survival data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meire method.Results The median survival time was 9 months in the 23 pediatric patients and 15 months in 13 adult patients.One-,two-and three-year survival rates between pediatric group and the adult group were 43.5 ％ (10/13) vs 76.9 ％ (10/13),26.1％ (6/23) vs 46.2 ％ (6/13),8.7 ％ (2/23) vs 38.5 ％ (5/13).Karnofsky performance scale score at admission (x2 =20.059,P =0.000),tumor site (x2 =17.585,P =0.000),growth pattern (x2 =21.247,P =0.000) were associate with survival time.Conclusion 3DCRT is an effective therapy to brain stem glioma,childhood onset,pontine glioma,diffusion style and Karnofsky performance scale less than 80 are risk factors of poor prognosis.

This paper expounds the needs analysis and system design of traditional Chinese medical science and technology of sci-tech novelty search management system,discusses the architecture of the system and each functional module,and summarizes and discusses the meaning of this system when applied in sci-tech novelty search.

This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards

Plants in Ainsliaea genus, belongs to Compositae family, are traditional Chinese medicine and widely used in folk. These plants contain various types of chemical components, and main components are sesquiterpene lactone and its glycosides. In addition, there are triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic acid, long chain fatty acid and volatile oils. Recently, much attention has been payed to varlous research of A. fragrans. This paper reviewed and summarized the chemical components to provide the theoretical basis for the use of Ainsliaea.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure

BACKGROUND: Cervical intumescence is the earliest and easy attacking part of motor neuron disease (MND). With the development of patients'condition, cervical part and medulla oblongata region were involved early,and the trigemino-cervical reflex (TCR) was involved earliest.OBJECTIVE: To establish electromyography of TCR and analyze the value in the diagnosis of MND of the TCR.DESIGN: Case-control study.SETTING: Room of Electrophysiologic Study, Department of Neurology,Third Hospital, Peking University.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty MND patients,mainly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and 70 healthy volunteers who were examined at Third Hospital, Peking University from 2002 to 2005. MND patients accorded with the diagnostic standard of Spain El Escorial conference.METHODS: The subjects held the heads slightly raised when lying supine to make the sternocleidomastoid muscles contracted slightly. Electrical stimulation was applied to the infraorbital nerves and latency and amplitude of wave were recorded from the bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscles. The detecting instrument was Keypoint electromyography (EMG).The surface EMG activity was recorded via Ag/AgCl.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Latency of positive wave/ negative wave (P20/N30); square root of the ratio of the amplitudes, that is, value A.RESULTS: Stimulation of the infraorbital nerve on one side of controlled people produced bilateral positive and negative waves. In the MND group,7 patients showed normal (23.3%), 8 patients showed absence of wave (26.7%), 11 patients were delayed in latency (36.7%), and extreme asymmetry of reflection of the two sides was found in 4 patients (13.3%).In the MND group, the latency of positive and negative waves of TCR (P20/N30) was markedly longer than that in the normal control group,and the difference was significant. Square root of the ratio between the amplitudes after and before stimulation (square root of the ratio between peak to peak value and amplitude of wave before stimulation, that was,value A) was lower remarkably than that in the normal control group, and the difference was significant.CONCLUSION: The TCR can be reliably measured. It may help examine the cervical-bulbar lesion and diagnosing motor neuron disease in an early period.

Objective To study the features of pain evoked potentials in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclemsis(ALS)and evaluate the pain pathway in these patients.Methods Sixty patients with ALS and 60 controls were set on supine position.The contact heat evoked potential stimulator with a diameter of 27 mm and an area of 573 mm2was used to elicit pain and contact heat evoked potentials(CHEP)in an accelerating speed of 70 ℃/s.Thermal stimuli were given at 54.5 ℃ to three body sites:the dorsum of hand,proximal volar for aml and C7. CHEP was recorded at spots of Cz and Pz.The features of CHEP was observed At the same time,somatosensory evoked potential(SEP)was assesed.Results The figure and latency of CHEP in ALS patients were normal.The latency was:the dorsum of hand:(561.2±28.6)ms; proximal volar forarm:(540.1±39.2)ms;C7:(512.7±31.4)ms.There were no significant differences of latency and SEP between tlle ALS patients and the controls((558.7±30.2),(536.6±23.5), (501.8±26.0)ms,t=4.23,4.51,3.74,P＞0.05).Conclusion Patients with ALS have a normal CHEP,suggesting that the pain pathway in patient with ALS is intact.

Objective To assess the value of electromyography (EMG) of rectus abdominis muscle in the diagnosis of polyneuropathy. Methods 109 patients with polyneuropathy were studied. The routine nerve conduction study was done and standard EMG was recorded from rectus abdominis muscle, first dorsal interosseous muscle and tibialis anterior muscle. The parameters studied included spontaneous activity fibrillation potentials (fib) and positive sharp waves (psw); duration, amplitude and percentage of polyphasic wave of motor unit action potential (MUAP) and pattern of recruitment. A group of controls and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were studied at the same time. EMG parameters of rectus abdominis muscles were compared among patients with polyneuropathy, patients with ALS and the controls.Results EMG of rectus abdominis muscle in the patients with polyneuropathy showed neurogenic change.The amplitude of motor unit potential in patients with polyneuropathy(451.67±75.01)μV was higher than that of the controls (373.78±56.46)μV (t=2. 01, P < 0. 04) and lower than that of patients with ALS (537.19±159. 04)μV (t=2. 32, P<0.03). Conclusion EMG of rectus abdominis muscle might be used to find the lesion of intercostal nerve in polyneuropathy.

Objective To detect the expressions of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer and their correlation,and discuss the clinical significance of peripheral blood micro-metastasis.Methods Total RNA was extracted from blood samples by TRIzol and was reverse transcribed into cDNA.The mRNA expressions of MMP-7 and hTERT were detected by real-time PCR.Results Positive mRNA expression of hTERT was found in 63 of 181 patients with colorectal cancer,while positive mRNA expression of MMP-7 was seen in 61 cases.The positive rates of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA had no significant differences in the patients' sex and age (P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (43.9 ％) was higher than that in the patients with moderately and well differentiated adenocarcinoma (27.8 ％) (x2 =4.873,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of HTERT mRNA in the patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (42.5 ％) was higher than that in the patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (24.0 ％) (x2 =6.591,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (39.6 ％) was higher than that in the patients with stage Ⅰ-1Ⅱ (25.3 ％) (x2 =4.014,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of hTERT mRNA in the patients with distant metastasis (53.3 ％) was higher than that in the patients without distant metastasis (28.7 ％) (x2 =9.059,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7 mRNA in the patients with distant metastasis(46.7 ％) was higher than that in the patients without distant metastasis (29.4 ％) (x2 =4.506,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of hTERT mRNA in the patients with positive CEA expression (52.6 ％) was significantly higher than that in the patients with negative CEA expression (30.1％) (x2 =6.735,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of MMP-7mRNA in the patients with positive CEA expression (60.5 ％) was significantly higher than those in the patients with negative CEA expression (26.6 ％) (x2 =15.490,P ＜ 0.05).In the patients without distant metastasis,any of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA expression was thought to be blood micro-metastasis.The recurrence and metastasis rates after 6 months in the patients with blood micrometastasis (36.58 ％) were higher than those in the patients without blood micro-metastasis (7.14 ％)(x2 =13.027,P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence and metastasis rates after 12-month follow-up in the patients with blood micro-metastasis (68.29 ％) were higher than those in the patients without blood micro-metastasis (12.5 ％) (x2 =31.948,P ＜ 0.01).The sensitivity of combined detection was 80.00 ％,and the specificity was 79.03 ％ after 12-month follow-up.Spearman correlation analysis revealed that significant positive correlation existed between hTERT and MMP-7mRNA expression (r =0.341,P =0.000).Conclusion Detection of hTERT and MMP-7 mRNA expression can be used as reliable markers to predict peripheral blood micrometastasis in colorectal cancer patients.