Adolescent ; Adult ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Humans ; Instillation, Drug ; Leukemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the influence of two feeding ways m coma patients at gastrointestinal tract complications.Methods Seventy patients were assigned randomly to two groups according to different feeding ways:entogastric continuing infusion (observation group,n=35) and entogastric manualinfusion (control group,n=35) from June 2006 to May 2007,and observed the ratio of gastrointestinal tract complications in two groups.Results Different feeding ways had significantly correlated with the complications of gastrointestinal tract.The ratio of gastrointestinal tract complications in observation group was lower (20.00%)than that in control group (42.86%).There was statistically significant difference in two groups,P＜0.05.Conclusion The ratio of gastrointestinal tract complications could obvious reduce in entogastric nutrition continuing infusion in coma patients.

Objective To explore the differences in morphology and structure of collagen fiber of the hilar bile duct between human and rat. Methods The morphology and structure of vertical and horizontal cross-section of human and rat collagen fiber of the normal and dilated hilar bile duct, and their changes under stress were observed after Masson trichrome staining. Results The morphology and structure of collagen fiber of hilar bile duet in human was similar to that in rat. The collagen fiber mainly distributed in the middle and outer layer of the hilar bile duct. The wave-like collagen fiber bundles were arranged in parallel, consistent with the longitudinal axis direction of the bile duct, and connected by the small branches. Conclusions The morphology and structure of collagen fiber of the hilar bile duct in human is similar to that in rat. The anatomical structure of the collagen fiber is adapted to its function.

Objective To evaluate the effect of percutaneous transhepatic obliteration(PTO)of gastroesophageal varices in liver cirrhosis.Methods Fifty-six cirrhotic patients suffering from gastroesophageal varices were treated with PTO,including 35 during emergency bleeding,10 after stoppage of hemorrhage and 11 with severe gastroesophageal varices for prevention of bleeding.Results Catheterization and embolization of gastroesophageal varices were successfully performed in all 56 patients(100%).Bleeding stopped after PTO as an emergency treatment was achieved in 35 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Among them,PTO was performed in 11 patients for preventing variceal hemorrhage,gastroesophageal varices disappeared in 7 and alleviation was obtained evidently in 4.47 patients were followed up for 2-60 months with recurrent bleeding in 5,death in 4 on causes of rebleeding of alimentary tract(1 case),hepatic failure(1 case), hepatocellular carcinoma(2 cases).Conclusion PTO is a safe and effective treatment for gastroesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients and should be recommended extensively.

Objective Clinical evidence has suggested that ATI receptor blocker (ARB) could prevent the development of heart failure. Decreased sareoplasmic reticulum(SR) Ca2+ content, which is due to reduced SR calcium reuptake by SERCA2a, is responsible for defective systolic function in failing heart. To better understand how ARB could improve cardiac systolic dysfunction, we studied the effects of Valsartan on calcium reuptake of SR and its regulatory proteins in heart failure rabbits. Methods Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups: sham rabbits(controls, n= 11), rabbits with heart failure treated with Valsartan (n= 11) and rabbits with heart failure but without Valsartan treatment (n=8).Rabbit heart failure model was established by volume plus pressure overload. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. SR calcium uptake was determined by measuring extra vesicular free [Ca2+] changes in a fluores-cence spectrophotometer. SERCA2a, Serl 6-phosphorylated phospholamban (p-PLB), PKA and PP1a protein abundance were deter-mined by use of Western blot analysis. Results Compared to control rabbits, the ejection fractions in the HF rabbits were significantly decreased (P<0.05), these changes could be significantly attenuated by Valsanan treatment (P<0.05).Calcium reuptake of SR, activity of SERCA2a and PKA decreased in heart failing myocytes (P<0.05), with down regulations of p-PLB, SERCA2a and PKA, but up regulation ofPP1αin ventricular samples from the failing rabbits (P<0.05). All of these changes were attenuated by Valsartan treatment (all P<0.05). Conclusion Valsartan improved cardiac function in volume plus pressure overload induced heart failure of rabbits possibly by restoring the SR calcium uptake resulted from attenuating the activities and expressions of SERCA2a and its regulatory proteins.

To establish a LC-MS/MS method to determine the concentrations of liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, amygdalin, amygdalin prunasin, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methylephedrine of Maxing Shigan decoction in rat plasma, and study the differences on their pharmacokinetic process in normal rats and RSV pneumonia model rats. After normal rats and RSV pneumonia model rats were orally administered with Maxing Shigan decoction, the blood was collected from retinal vein plexus of different time points. Specifically, tetrahydropalmatine was taken as internal standard for determining ephedrine, while chloramphenicol was taken as internal standard for determining other components. After plasma samples were pre-treated as the above, the supernatant was dried with nitrogen blowing concentrator and then redissolved with methylalcohol. The chromatography was eluted with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution in a gradient manner. ESI sources were adopted to scan ingredients in ephedra in a positive ion scanning mode and other ingredientsin a negative ion scanning mode. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) method was developed the plasma concentration of each active component. The pharmacokinetic parameters of each group were calculated by using Win-Nonlin 4.1 software and put into the statistical analysis. The result showed the plasma concentration of the eight active ingredients, i.e., liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, amygdalin, amygdalin prunasin, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methylephedrine within the ranges of 1.04-1040, 1.04-1040, 0.89-445, 1.05-4200, 1.25-2490, 0.3-480, 0.3-480, 0.3-480 microg x L(-1), with a good linearity and satisfactory precision, recovery and stability in the above ingredients. After modeling, except for glycyrrhetinic acid whose pharmacokinetic parameters were lacked due to the data missing, all of the rest components showed significant higher Cmax, AUC(0-1) and lower clearance rate (CL) than that of the normal group, indicating the increase in absorption in rats in the pathological state by reducing the clearance rate. The method is accurate and sensitive and so can be used to determine the plasma concentrations of the eight active ingredients in Maxing Shigan decoction. RSV pneumonia-infected rats absorbed more ingredients in Maxing Shigan decoction.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN)function during thyroid surgery by recording the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle(LCA) under block anaesthesia of the cervical plexus. Methods Nicolet Endeavor CR(Viasys Healthcare, USA) was applied for the intraoperative monitoring. A pair of needle electrodes were inserted into LCA to record CMAP, and a concentric electrode was used to intermittently stimulate the RLN for monitoring the RLN function during operation under block anaesthesia of the cervical plexus.Results In these 28 cases 31 RLNs were exposed during operation, CMAPs appeared with consistent latency when stimulation was applied at the exposed segment. The stimulating intensity threshold ranged from 0.2 to 1.6 mA. The average value was 0.96 mA. 25 of 31 showed CMAPs with consistent latency when stimulation was provided along the possible pathway of the unexposed segment. The stimulating intensity threshold ranged from 1.3 to 3.5 mA. The average value was 2. 03 mA. 6 of 31 did not evoked CMAP even though the maximal stimulating intensity was 5 mA. When these six nerves were exposured, compound muscle action potential were evoked consistently. All of the 28 patients had normal phonation function after surgery.Conclusions It is a safe, effective and feasible method to monitor the RL N function by recording the CMAP of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle under block anaesthesia of the cervical plexus.

Objective To investigate the mechanism and suppression effect of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) on proliferation of megakaryocyte progenitors(CFU-Mk)in vitro.Methods Colony forming unit-assay was applied to observe the effect of HCMV-AD 169 strain on CFU-Mk of cord blood. The technique of PCR was used to demonstrate the existence of HCMV-AD 169 DNA in the colony cells of cultured CFU-Mk.Results 1.The number of CFU-Mk colonies in HCMV-infected groups decreased significantly compared with that of control group. The CFU-Mk formation was inhibited significantly after HCMV-AD 169 strain infection.The suppression effect showed a dose-dependent fashion: 46.7 % inhibition with 10 -1of HCMV, 29.7 % with 10 -2 and 14.5 % with 10 -3 in the CFU-Mix assay. The peak of CFU-Mk colonies (d16-18) was not significantly different between control group and experimental groups, but the duration of the CFU-Mk colonies in infected groups was significantly shorter than that in control group.2. HCMV-DNA was positively detected in the colony cells of viral infected group by PCR, while negative in control group.Conclusions HCMV-AD 169 strain may inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of CFU-Mk by infecting the hematopoietic progenitors. HCMV may cause the suppression of hematopoiesis by direct infection, which may be the main reason for HCMV infection associated with thrombocytopenia.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that Taohong Siwu Decoction can alleviate the damage of vascular endothelial cells and maintain their normal secretory function, and endothelial progenitor cells can promote the repair of endothelial injury. Therefore, it is assumed that Taohong Siwu Decoction may protect endothelial function by improving the functional activity and increasing the number of endothelial progenitor cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Taohong Siwu Decoction can augment the number and functional activity of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells. METHODS: Endothelial progenitor cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects, and divided into control, low-, moderateand high-concentration Taohong Siwu Decoction groups. Cells were then cultured to observe the dose-effect relationship within 24 hours. Meanwhile, the high-concentration Taohong Siwu Decoction group was cultured for respective time points (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) for observing the time-effect relationship. The number of endothelial progenitor cells was counted under inverted phase contrast microscope. Proliferation, adhesion and migration of endothelial progenitor cells were detected by MTT chromatometry, adhesion activity assay and modified Boyden chamber assay, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The proliferation, adhesion and migration abilities of endothelial progenitor cells in the Taohong Siwu Decoction groups were significantly higher than those in the control group and showed a certain dose-effect relationship. (2) The proliferation, adhesion and migration abilities of endothelial progenitor cells in the Taohong Siwu Decoction groups were enhanced in a time-dependent manner, especially at 24 hours after intervention (P < 0.01). To conclude, the Taohong Siwu Decoction can increase the number of endothelial progenitor cells and promote cell functions. High-concentration Taohong Siwu Decoction exhibits the best interventional effect at 24 hours after intervention.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of a self-designed posterior STB thoracolumbar transpedicular screw-plate system in the treatment of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.

METHODSThis STB screw-plate system is developed with titanium alloy (TC4, Ti6Al4V). During December, 1999 and January, 2001, this system was applied in 51 cases, including lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis (36 cases), degenerative lumbar instability (15 cases). The patients were aged 22 - 78 years, mean age: 47.5 - years; among them there were 14 male cases, 37 female cases; There were 15 cases degenerative spondylolisthesis with grade I-II slip, 36 cases of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, including 34 cases with grade I-II slips and 2 cases with grade III slips; single level of 33 cases, two levels 3 cases. Decompression was performed for the 43 cases with interbody fusion using iliac crest or bilateral-lateral fusion using demineralized bone matrix and 8 cases were fixed with demineralized bone matrix fusion without decompression.

RESULTSAll the operations heeded about 60 - 120 minutes, and during the operations bleeding amounts were 200 - 500 ml. The cases completely recovered to work or normal action after 3 months of surgeries. 46 of all cases were achieved to satisfactorily reduction and clinical effect, 5 cases of grade II-III remained incomplete reduction (grade I slip).

CONCLUSIONThis STB system has advantages of biomechanical stability and reduction capability and its effect in clinical application is undoubtedly positive.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spondylolysis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult