Thyroid nodules are common diseases with increasing incidence in recent years.Patients undergoing thyroid surgery are increasing.Based on the current national guidelines,this article analyzes the issue of insufficient treatment and over treatment in the process of surgical treatment for thyroid nodules,conducive to individualized and standardized treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Eye ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Aging ; Young Adult

Galetins is a family of endogenus lectins with highly affinity for polysaccharide containing β-galactosides residues.It is involved in cell growth and differentiation,cell adhesion,cell signal transduction and apoptosis.In recent years,many studies have shown that galectin plays an important role in the development and occurrence of gynecological malignancy.It has been an important evidence for diagnosis of progress of malignancy.

Objective To investigate the adsorption mechanism of amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate(AAHS)adjuvant and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant on recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and the effect of differentadsorption rates on the titer of hepatitis B.MethodsThe Langmuir adsorption equation was used to calculate the maximumadsorption capacity of HBsAg on the surface of AAHS and aluminum hydroxide adjuvants at different concentrations ofsodium chloride(NaCl) and ethylene glycol. Combined with the influence of different concentrations of phosphate on theadsorption effect of HBsAg, the main forces affecting the adsorption of HBsAg and two aluminum adjuvants were analyzed,and the difference between the two adjuvants was also compared. ED_(50)was used to evaluate the immune effect of sampleswith different phosphate concentrations, and the relationship between different adsorption rates and titers was analyzed.ResultsDifferent concentrations of NaCl and ethylene glycol did not affect the adsorption rate of HBsAg, and the adsorptionrate decreased with the increase of phosphate concentration. The titer of samples with lower adsorption rate was still withinthe qualified standard range.ConclusionHBsAg is mainly adsorbed on the surface of AAHS and aluminum hydroxide adju-vants through ligand exchange, and hepatitis B titer may not require high antigen adsorption rate in vitro.

AIM:To determine whether imperatorin would enhance the effect of doxorubicin therapy on cervi -cal cancer in vitro.METHODS:The viability of HeLa cells treated with imperatorin and doxorubicin was determined by MTT assay in vitro.The expression of Bcl-2 protein family ( Mcl-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bad and Bax ) in HeLa cells treated with imperatorin and doxorubicin was evaluated by Western blot analysis .The apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane poten-tial (ΔΨm ) in the HeLa cells treated with imperatorin and doxorubicin were analyzed by flow cytometry .A Mcl-1 expres-sion vector was constructed , and its role in the cytotoxicity of imperatorin plus doxorubicin to HeLa cells was detected by MTT assay.RESULTS: Addition of imperatorin significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin to HeLa cells in vitro.Mcl-1 expression was down-regulated by imperatorin but was not influenced by doxorubicin in the HeLa cells .A com-bination of imperatorin and doxorubicin induced apoptosis and ΔΨm collapse more significantly compared with the treatment with imperatorin or doxorubicin alone .Furthermore, the imperatorin-induced sensitization for doxorubicin cytotoxicity to HeLa cells was abolished by the transfection with Mcl-1 expression plasmid .CONCLUSION:The combination of doxoru-bicin with imperatorin enhances the antitumor effect of doxorubicin on cervical cancer cells via targeting Mcl -1.

Protein-energy wasting is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and also an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.The progress of diagnosis and treatment for protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease were summarized.

0.05). CONCLUSION: Cefepime is a safe and effective agent in treatment of low-respiratory tract infection like ceftazidme.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), also called Ito cells or lipocytes, are one of inherent liver nonparenchymal cell types located in the Dissé space between hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells, and account for up to 50%-80% of vitamin A in the form of lipid drops. The methods of primary HSCs isolation mainly focus on density gradient centrifugation combined with centrifugal elutriation, side scatter-activated cell sorting, UV-excited autofluorescence or antibody-based flow cytometry, etc., and will provide solid foundation for the research on physiological and pathological HSCs function. The research of this vitamin A-storing cells has developed and expanded vigorously. In physiological conditions, HSCs are quiescent and play pivotal roles in the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) to maintain its stability with broad uptake and storage of vitamin A, and also regulate liver regeneration. But in pathological conditions, HSCs are activated by constant stimulations or liver injury, then with activated proliferation, reduced lipid drops, and increased ECM synthesis. Morphology of these cells also changes from the star-shaped stellate cells to that of fibroblasts or myofibroblasts with obvious contractibility and secretion of cytokines and chemokines including a variety of proinflammatory factors and adhesion molecules, suggesting that the activation of HSCs is one of the key events in the development of liver fibrosis. Study on the isolation and function of HSCs is always one of the hot topics for liver biology. In this review, we systematically summarize and discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the isolation methods and improvements of HSCs, and functional research of HSCs biology in health and disease, as well as potential directions.
Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Liver ; cytology ; Regeneration ; Vitamin A ; metabolism

Helicobacter pylori infection is a common gastrointestinal infection,which is a major cause of chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer,stomach cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and other diseases.In recent years,many studies show that Helicobacter pylori infection is closely related with many diseases,which may cause the retardation of children development and affect blood lipids and glucose metabolism.Helicobacter pylori infection may also lead to chronic inflammatory process,results in a large number of cytokines and play an important role in artery atherosclerosis.This paper reviews on the correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic diseases and its mechanism as well.

Protein-energy wasting is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and also an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.The pathogenesy and diagnosis of protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease,assessment of nutritional status were summarized.