Objective:To investigate the differences in personality characteristics and cognitive functions in depression patients with and without obsessive-compulsive.Methods:From October 2020 to October 2021, 31 patients diagnosed as major depressive disorder(MDD) with obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OCS), totally 29 patients diagnosed as MDD without OCS, and 30 healthy controls(HC group) were recruited.The personality characteristics of all subjects were assessed with Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ), personality diagnostic questionnaire-4(PDQ-4) and Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory(MMPI), while cognitive functions were assessed with measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia(MATRICS)consensus cognitive battery(MCCB). SPSS 25.0 software was used for data processing, and univariate analysis of variance and simple effect analysis were used to compare the differences in personality characteristics and cognitive functions among the three groups of subjects.Results:The comparison of EPQ scores showed that the psychoticism scores of the group with and without OCS((50.32±10.08), (49.83±11.69)) were significantly lower than that of the HC group(59.47±10.41)( P=0.004, 0.003), while the neuroticism scores((61.94±12.36), (63.10±10.56)) were significantly higher than that of the HC group(46.13±8.33)(both P<0.05). The comparison of PDQ-4 scores showed that the schizoid score of the group with OCS(5.00(2.00, 7.00)) was significantly higher than that of the group without OCS(3.00(1.00, 5.00))( P=0.024). The comparison of MMPI scores showed that except for the two dimensions of masculinity-femininity and hypomania, the scores of the other eight dimensions in the group with and without OCS were significantly higher than those in the HC group(all P<0.01). The comparison of MCCB scores showed that the attention/alertness and visual learning scores of the group with OCS were significantly lower than those of the HC group( P=0.042, 0.004), meanwhile there was no difference of the all dimension scores of MCCB between the MDD patients with and without OCS. Conclusion:There are differences in personality and cognitive function between MDD patients with and without OCS and healthy controls.There is no difference in score of schizotypal personality traits between MDD patients with OCS and MDD patients without OCS, however the related cognitive function of MDD patients without OCS is not significantly different from that of MDD patients with OCS.It is suggested that MDD patients with OCS may have more deviated personality characteristics than those without OCS.Further research is needed to investigated the differences in cognitive impairment.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of rare subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: This retrospective study collected the data of 52 rare subtypes of renal cell carcinoma of patients who underwent surgery from January 2002 to December 2014 at Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital. There were 12 patients with collecting duct carcinoma, 5 patients with Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma, 5 patients with mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, 30 patients with unclassified renal cell carcinoma. The study group included 25 male and 27 female patients, with mean age of 52 years. The mean tumour size was (6.5±3.9) cm (range: 1.5 to 21.0 cm). The basic clinical features, gross appearance, Fuhrman nuclear grade, TNM staging and prognosis of rare subtypes of RCC were studied. The OS curves were obtained for rare subtypes of renal cell carcinoma using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a Log-rank test. Results: The rate of lymph node and distant metastasis were 34.6% (18/52) and 17.3% (9/52). Malignancies were screened and detected by color Doppler ultrasonography or CT scan, however, no case was diagnosed before operation or aspiration, all cases were confirmed by the pathological examination. The average period of postoperative follow-up process was 65 months, and the mean survival time was (34±23) months. Conclusion The clinical features of rare subtypes of renal cell carcinoma are similar to those of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, while the imaging changes will be helpful for diagnosis before operation.

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics, image findings, therapeutic method and prognosis of metanephric adenoma. Method: The clinical characteristic, image findings, operation methods and prognosis of 16 metanephric adenoma patients treated at Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital from January 2004 to March 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 6 male and 10 female patients in the study. The mean age of patients was 33.7 years (ranging from 14 to 83 years). Two patients came to the hospital because of fever, while other 14 patients had no symptoms and found renal tumor by medical examination. One case was found polythemia vera and another 1 case showed mild anemia. Serum creatine of all the cases were in normal range. The tumor of 11 cases were at left side and 5 cases were at right. All patients took urinary tract ultrasound. Fifteen patients took CT examination. Among them, 14 cases were solid mass and 1 case was cystosolid.CT value was (41±4) HU. CT scan showed that the tumor was slight enhanced and CT value increased to (77±9) HU. Six patients took MRI examination. The MRI showed high or low signal of T1WI or T2WI scans.Tumor size was (4.7±3.9)cm (ranging from 1.7 to 17.5 cm). All 16 patients took operation and 11 of them took laparoscopic surgery while the other 5 cases took open surgery. Eleven cases took partial nephrectomy, 4 cases took nephrectomy and 1 case took nephroureterectomy. The surgical procedures were all successful and no complications occured during perioperative period. All cases were all confirmed metanephric adenoma by postoperative pathology and surgery cut edge were all negative. Immunohistochemical study showed that the positive rate of Vimentin, CD57, AE1/AE3, WT1, CK7 and AMACR respectively were 16/16, 15/16, 12/16, 10/16, 3/16 and 2/16. The median follow-up time of 16 cases was 44 months (ranging from 8 to 125 months) and none had recurrence or metastasis.One case died 125 months after surgery because of advanced age(83 years old). Conclusions Metanephric adenoma is difficult to be diagnosed relying on clinical characteristics and image features. Pathology can help confirm the diagnosis. Partial nephrectomy is the first choice for operation and can achieve good prognosis. But it still needs a regular follow-up.

Objective: To study the impact to operation safety of preoperative renal artery embolization for management of ≥10 cm renal cell carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of 239 cases with ≥10 cm renal cell carcinoma which all had underwent operation in Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital from January 2002 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-three patients underwent preoperative renal artery embolization (therapeutic group) and 186 patients did not (control group). The effect of embolization on operative time, transfusion requirements, hospitalization, ICU stay and perioperative complications were analyzed by comparing the two groups using rank sum test and χ² test or Fisher exact test. Results: Comparing the therapeutic group and control group, there was significant difference in tumor location (on the left or right). The mean age, sex, mean primary tumor size, and TNM stage were similar in both groups. Comparing the therapeutic group and control group, there were more open surgeries in therapeutic group (96.2% vs. 82.3%, χ²=6.438, P=0.013). There were no significant differences in mean operative time (238 (525) minutes vs. 208 (583) minutes, Z=-2.182, P=0.062). The mean blood transfusion (700 (1 900) ml vs. 925 (8 800) ml, Z=-1.064, P=0.006) had significant difference. The therapeutic group had a longer mean hospitalization (21 (50) days vs. 15 (79) days, Z=-4.322, P=0.000) and higher rate of intensive care unit stay (54.7% vs. 34.4%, χ²=6.103, P=0.027). There was no significant difference in perioperative complications between two groups (0 vs.3.2%, P=0.408). Conclusion Preoperative renal artery embolization in ≥10 cm renal cell carcinoma patients undergoing operation provides benefit in increasing operation safety and reducing perioperative death.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) mainly manifests as obsessions and compulsions with the characteristics of early age of onset, long illness duration, and low diagnosis and treatment rate.The development of OCD involves mutations in genes associated with the 5-hydroxytryptamine, glutamate, and dopamine systems, as well as changes in the brain structure and function.However, how the potentially pathogenic genes affect brain structure and function and lead to different clinical manifestations remains unknown.Imaging genetics has been used to study the etiological mechanisms of OCD by combining genetics and imaging to analyze the relationship between genetic variation, neurologic and clinical manifestations.As a complex polygenic disease, imaging genetics that combines polygenic association analysis with epigenetic inheritance may become a new trend and perspective to explore the mechanism of the environment-gene-brain-behavior model in OCD.Therefore, this paper reviewed the related imaging genetics studies of OCD, and provided a theoretical basis for the etiological mechanism and precise intervention for OCD.

在天然免疫应答尤其是抗病毒天然免疫应答中，维甲酸诱导基因-I（retinoic acid inducible gene I,RIG-I）是重要的胞内 病毒RNA模式识别受体，其通过结合和识别病毒来源的RNA进而活化下游RIG-I信号通路，从而激发炎症因子和I型干扰素的 表达，实现抗病毒天然免疫应答的启动。然而，新近研究表明，在肿瘤发生发展的过程中，RIG-I亦可发挥重要的调控作用。在肿 瘤进展的不同病理阶段，RIG-I可发挥抑制或促进肿瘤进展的功能。本文就RIG-I在不同肿瘤及其发生发展不同阶段所发挥的抑 癌基因或促癌基因样作用的研究进展作一综述。

Objective: To investigate the expression of CARD10 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, and the roles of CARD10 in HCC progression especially apoptosis inhibition. Methods: The expression of CARD10 was examined in pared non-tumor liver tissues and HCC tissues using qRT-PCR, and their correlation with HCC TNM stage was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation assay in SPSS 17.0. In HCC cells with CARD10 overexpression or knockdown, cytometry using Annexin-V/PI labeling was used to measure apoptosis, and Western blotting was used to determine the activation of NF-κB pathway. Results: CARD10 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissues as compared to that in pared non-tumor liver tissues (P<0.01), and the increased CARD10 in HCC was positively correlated with TNM staging (P<0.01). The apoptosis of HCC cell lines SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 was inhibited by CARD10 overexpression while promoted by CARD10 knockdown, and the pro-survival NF-κB pathway was also enhanced by CARD 10 over-expression while suppressed by CARD10 knockdown. Conclusion: CARD10 expression is increased in HCC tissues and positively correlated with HCC progression. CARD10 inhibits HCC apoptosis by promoting the activation of NF-κB pathway. [Key words] hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); caspase recruitment domain family member 10 (CARD10); apoptosis; NF-κB