The fundus lesions appear in early pathological myopia and develops step by step,causing significant visual impairment.The occurrence of choroidal neovascularization is the main cause for the vision loss.This paper gives an introduction to the prevalence,damages,outcomes,affecting factors and treatment for pathologic myopia,and lays emphasis on the progress of medical treatment with anti-vascular endothelium growth factor.

Morphea is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues with an unclear etiology. Genetic predisposition, autoimmune dysregulation, and environmental factors play a role in its pathogenesis. It affects both adults and children and presents as erythematous patches or plaques that develop sclerotic centers with a violaceous border. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to minimize damage and physical sequelae.

We present here a 30-year old female who presented with a solitary, violet-hue in color, indurated plaque on her left forearm after wearing a metal smartwatch for 4 months. She experienced on and off episodes of overheating from the watch but continued wearing it. There was no associated pruritus, tenderness, or loss of sensation. Anti-dsDNA showed a borderline positive result. Vitamin D levels were below the lower limit revealing a severe Vitamin D deficiency. Dermoscopy revealed fibrotic beams, branching vessels and an erythematous to pink background. Histopathologic analysis showed superficial and deep perivascular and periadnexal infiltrates of lymphocytes and plasma cells with compact collagen bundles and notable loss of periadnexal fat. The patient was started on topical halobetasol then shifted to tacrolimus 0.01% and started on targeted NB-UVB. Excellent response was seen after 9 sessions of phototherapy. There was a decrease in induration, size and no further progression.

Morphea is a rare inflammatory condition without a clear etiology and early diagnosis and treatment are important. This case highlights the relationship between gadget trauma and the development of Morphea.

The study summarizes the clinical experience of surgical treatments of various types of thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Clinical data of 122 patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection during July 2005 to July 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The elective operations were performed in 107 patients while emergency surgery was done in 15 cases. Different surgical strategies were employed on the basis of diseased region, including simple ascending aortic replacement (n=3), aortic root replacement (n=43), hemi-arch replacement /total arch replacement+elephant trunk technique (n=32), thoracic/thoracoabdominal aortic replacement (n=8) and endovascular repair (n=36). In this series, there is 4 cases of perioperative death due to massive cerebral hemorrhage (n=1), respiratory failure (n=1) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (n=2). Three cases developed post-operative massive cerebral infarction and the relatives of the patients abandoned treatment. Instant success rate of endovascular repair was 100%. The intimal rupture was sealed. Blood flow was unobstructed in true lumen and no false lumen was visualized. It was concluded that aggressive surgery should be considered in the patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Surgical procedures should vary with the location and the nature of the lesions.
Aneurysm, Dissecting/*surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods ; Young Adult

Shunting of cerebrospinal fluid into the peritoneal cavity is a well established procedure which has, over the years, enjoyed increasing popularity. A slit valve at the distal end elminated the insinuation of the omentum into the shunting tube and a spring catheter prevented kinking of the shunt tubing. However, the most common cause of failure of the shunting is from the separation, or pulling apart, of the various components of the shunt system with subsequent infection. A one piece spring catheter is sufficient to the necessity. Surgical details are illustrated for installing a one piece spring catheter for hydrocephalus. Four basic steps of surgical procedure using a subcutaneous guide, a leader, a cannula and a cuff are described; firstly passing the guide and the one piece shunt from McBurney's point to the supraclavicular space, secondly passing the guide from the parietal eminence to the supraclavicular space to thread the one piece shunt cephalad. Thirdly, inserting the cannula into the lateral ventricle and threading the ventricular end of the one piece shunt through the cuff into the lateral ventricle and fourthly inserting the peritoneal end into the peritoneal cavity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Catheterization/methods ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/instrumentation* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/methods ; Child, Preschool ; Human ; Hydrocephalus/surgery ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Peritoneal Cavity

In order to develop monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against the gp90 protein of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), the His-tagged gp90 protein of REV was used to immunize BALB/c mice. Hybridomas were generated by fusing mouse myeloma cells SP2/0 with the splenocytes from the immunized mice. After screening and 3 rounds of cloning process, 3 hybridomas (3G5-B8, 3G5-A10 and 1G12) that stably secreted McAbs against the REV-gp90 were obtained. The isotypes of the McAbs were determined to be IgG1, IgG1 and IgG2b. The McAbs specifically bound to gp90 in REV-infected DF-1 cells, as demonstrated by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The recognition regions on gp90 that were recognized by 3G5-B8/3G5-A10 and 1G12 were located between amino acids 200 to 245 and 230 to 235, respectively, as demonstrated by Western blotting analysis. These McAbs will be useful in the diagnosis and pathogenesis study of REV.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; Antibody Specificity ; Blotting, Western ; Epitope Mapping ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Reticuloendotheliosis virus ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; immunology

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVEThe same person's pulmonary venous blood volume, left atrial volume and stroke volume were measured by lung CT scans and cardiac CT angiography (CTA). Then their relationships were analyzed in order to investigate the mechanism of breathing control.

METHODSAs we described before, full pulmonary vascular (-0.6mm) volume was accurately calculated by three-dimensional imaging technology from lung CT scan; left atrial volume and stroke volume of left ventricle were calculated from the CTA data. Then the relationships among them were analyzed for estimation of the lung-artery time.

RESULTSThe total volume of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3486 ± 783 (2156-4418) ml, and the pulmonary vascular blood volume was 141 ± 20 (105-163) ml. The estimated pulmonary venous volume was 71 ± 10 (52-81) ml. Left atrial volume at the end diastolic was 97 ± 39 (53-165) ml, Stroke volume of left ventricle was 86 ± 16 (60-106) ml. Pulmonary venous volume and the left atrial volume were double of stroke volume(1.7-2.4).

CONCLUSIONThe estimated lung-artery time was three heart beat.

OBJECTIVEBecause the traditional loop of breathing control and regulation effect on blood circulation, there was rare study of pulmonary vein capacity. We need a noninvasive and accurate pulmonary vascular capacity measurement and analysis method.

METHODSTwelve normal volunteers were performed a total lung CT scan, image data analysis processing by computer software, the whole lungs from the apex to the base of lung with 40-50 layers by hand-cut, the connection between adjacent layers automatically by a computer simulation, the full pulmonary vascular (≥ 0.6 mm) were treated by high-accuracy three-dimensional imaging technology after removing the interference, and then calculate the whole lung and pulmonary vascular.

RESULTSThe whole lung of the 12 normal volunteers from the apex to the base of lung CT scan image layers was 530 ± 98 (range, 431-841). The total capacity of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3705 ± 857 (range, 2398-5383) ml, and the total volume of the pulmonary vascular blood was 125 ± 32 (range, 94-201) ml. The pulmonary vein vascular blood volume was 63 ± 16 (range, 47-100) ml.

CONCLUSIONThe method of measuring the three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary vascular capacity by analyzing lung CT scan data is available and accurate.

According to the research on the pathogenesis of the hidden hearing loss in recent years, the occurrence of the hidden hearing loss is earlier than the permanent hearing threshold shift. This paper reviews the risk factors of hidden hearing loss, the pathogenesis of noise-induced hidden hearing loss, and the detection methods of hidden hearing loss. To explore the significance of hidden hearing loss in occupational health surveillance, and to provide reference for hearing protection of workers exposed to noise and hearing loss early in the future.
Hearing ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; Occupational Diseases ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health

Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease that has a constellation of clinical manifestations from cutaneous to multi-organ systemic involvement. Childhood-onset SLE is an uncommon, lifelong autoimmune disease that is difficult to diagnose due to its multisystem involvement and multiplicity of clinical manifestations. In children, adolescent girls are most commonly affected with a peak incidence at about 12 years of age. Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare manifestation of SLE with few cases described in childhood.

We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with an unrecalled history of chronic livedo re:cularis and a 3-month history of non-scarring alopecia who developed multiple minimally pruritic vesicles on the face and neck. The lesions increased in number, size, and distribution, becoming excoriated. The Nikolsky and Asboe-Hansen signs were negative. There was noted oral mucosal involvement and bilateral knee pain at rest with no joint swelling. A 3-mm skin punch biopsy of a vesicle from the upper back revealed an intraepidermal blister. Direct immunofluorescence of perilesional skin showed linear deposits of IgG (+2), C3 (+2), granular IgM (+2), Linear IgA and granular fibrinogen (+2) at the basement membrane zone, consistent with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus. ANA was positive at 1:160 (speckled pattern). We started the patient on dapsone 1.5 mg/kg/day. The patient was co-managed with Pediatric Rheumatology and oral prednisone at 2 mg/kg/day, hydroxychloroquine 50 mg once a day, mycophenolate mofetil 750 mg once a day and enalapril 5 mg once a day were prescribed. The lesions became dry and flat and healed without scarring with no new eruptions noted.

BSLE is uncommon in younger individuals. They usually present with a widespread symmetrical distribution of vesicular skin lesions and frequently favor the sun-exposed areas. We present here a rare case of BSLE in a young individual with an unusual histologic presentation. Treatment with dapsone, corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine and mycophenolate mofetil afforded complete resolution in our case.